"Eyona nto iqhubekayo ebomini lutshintsho" - esi sicatshulwa sidumileyo sesithandi sobulumko samaGrike uHeraclitus asinakuba sinyani xa kufikwa kwicandelo lokwakha. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, ubugcisa bokuyila kunye nolwakhiwo bezakhiwo buye benza iinguqu ezininzi ukuze kufaneleke kumaxesha ahlukeneyo. Olu tshintsho lunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi kodwa mhlawumbi eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kushishino kukunyuka kwetekhnoloji yale mihla. Oku kuncede iingcali kubume bokwakha ukuba ziphonononge izimvo kunye neengcinga ebekucingelwa ukuba azinakwenzeka ngaphambili.
Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yale mihla ivule indlela yeendlela zobugcisa zangoku eziguqula ishishini. Ezi ndlela zale mihla zokuzisa ulwakhiwo ebomini zibaluleke ngokukodwa kumashishini kulwakhiwo nakwishishini lokwakha. Oku kugxininiswa ziingcali kwi Uyilo lweempawu kunye nokunikezelwa kwemveliso ye3D kuba iinkampani ezingaphumeleliyo ukwamkela ezi ndlela zihlala zishiywa ngasemva kwaye zinokuba semngciphekweni wokupheliswa kukhuphiswano lwabo oluvulekileyo.
Kule mihla, izakhiwo zinokusekwa kubuhle kunye nokusebenza; oku akufani neminyaka edlulileyo xa kwakuthathelwa ingqalelo izakhiwo kuphela ukusebenziseka kolwakhiwo. Ukongeza, ubukrelekrele obuhamba kwiindlela zangoku zokwakha zenze izakhiwo zale mihla ukuba zikhuseleke; oku kuziswa luphando olubanzi olwenziwa phambi kokuba kuqeshwe izicwangciso. Ukukunika ubungakanani bendlela ezenziwa ngayo ezi ndlela, nantsi inkangeleko enzulu kwezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo.
Uyilo lweBlob
Ngaphandle koko yaziwa njenge ukufunyanwa, obu buchule bale mihla bokwakha baqala ukudlalwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1800 ngumzobi weeplani owaziwayo njengoJan Kaplicky. Ibandakanya indlela yoyilo lwezakhiwo ngokubanzi ezithatha imilo efana ne-amoeba. Izakhiwo eziyilelwe ukusebenzisa obu buchule zibonakaliswa ziigophe zazo kunye nemiphetho ejikeleziweyo. I-Blobitecture yathandwa kakhulu nge-1900 kwaye ngo-2002 yaboniswa kwinqaku elapapashwa kwiNew York Times, eyonyusa udumo lwayo. Uyilo lweBlob lwamkelwe kakuhle ngabagxeki bokwakha kunye nabathandi ngokufanayo, ikakhulu ngenxa yokugqitywa kwayo okungafaniyo kunye nokufana kwekamva.
Ukusukela oko yaqalwa, uyilo lwebhloko lubandakanyiwe ziitoni zabakhi kwihlabathi liphela. Olunye lolona phunyezo lubalulekileyo kule ndlela yayikukuyila ibala lezemidlalo elidumileyo iAllianz Arena, ebekwe eMunich, eJamani. Ibala lezemidlalo lenziwe nguHerzog & de Meuron kwaye lavulwa ngokusesikweni ngo-2005. Omnye umzekelo omkhulu yiHolo yesiXeko saseLondon, neyayilwa ngumzobi odumileyo uNorman Foster. Esi sakhiwo sodumo eLondon, e-United Kingdom savulelwa uluntu ngo-2002 kwaye siwubugcisa obugqwesileyo bobabini ngaphandle nangaphakathi. I-Kunsthaus Graz okanye i-Graz Art Museum ngomnye umzekelo wobugcisa bokwakha. Iingqondo ezisemva kobugcisa bokwakha nguPeter Cook noColin Fournier.
Ukuprinta kweMveliso ye3D
Itekhnoloji iye yaxhonywa kubomi bethu kangangokuba kunzima ukukhumbula ixesha ebesingenalo. Esinye sezona ziphumo zibalaseleyo kwezobuchwephesha kukunikezelwa kwemveliso ye-3D. Inokuchazwa njengendlela yokubonisa ngokucacileyo izakhiwo njengeemodeli ezisebenzisa isoftware yekhompyuter. Uluhlu lweenkqubo ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngabayili bezakhiwo kunye nabayili ukuze basebenzise unikezelo lwe-3D alunasiphelo. Ngaphezulu, ezinye zesoftware ikwanazo nezixhobo zokuyila ngaphakathi, ezilungele iingcali ezinokuthi zithande isisombululo sonke.
Abambalwa banokufuna ukuphikisa ukuba iiplani ezindala zefashoni zilungile kanye; Nangona kunjalo, ukuhanjiswa kwe3D kuneendlela ezininzi ezenza ukuba zibalasele. Olunye uncedo olunje kukuba ezi zinto zenziwe ngekhompyuter zibonelela ngokubonakalayo ngokubonakalayo kwesakhiwo esiza kwakhiwa. Nazi ezinye izibonelelo ezimbalwa zokusebenzisa imveliso ye3D.
Nceda wenze iZakhiwo ezizinzileyo
Iprojekti encediswa yikhompyuter (i-CAD) isoftware ivumela abakhi ukuba bahlole izinto zokusingqongileyo kulwakhiwo olucetywayo. Oku kubenza ukuba bayile izakhiwo eziphakamisa iimeko ezifana nokukhanya kwelanga, umoya kunye nemvula ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Ukulungiswa kweempazamo ngaphambi koLwakhiwo
Sebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kwe3D kwenza abakhi bezakhiwo babone iziphene ezinokubakho kwisakhiwo. Oku kunceda ekwenzeni iinguqu ezinkulu ngaphambi kokuba kugqitywe nantoni na. Olu hlaziyo lophononongo lukwanceda ekwandiseni uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali kuba nakuphi na ukunyusa okanye ukwehlisa iindleko kunokuqikelelwa kwangaphambili.
Kulula ukujongana neeProjekthi ezinkulu
Xa kuyilwa ulwakhiwo lweeprojekthi ezinje ngamacandelo aqukethe izakhiwo ezifanayo, unikezelo lwe3D lubonakalisa lubaluleke kakhulu. Isoftware inokuququzelela uyilo olukhawulezayo nolula lwezinto ezininzi kusetyenziswa izinto ezinamandla zokwenza izinto.
Ukucwangciswa konxibelelwano
Izifundo zibonise ukuba uninzi ephezulu Inkalo yoyilo loyilo lwanamhlanje bubuhle. Ngenxa yoku, uninzi lwabayili bayile kakhulu ukuze baqiniseke ukuba bayahlangabezana nalo mgangatho. Enye yeendlela abaziqeshileyo ukulungiselela le nto kukuhlengahlengiswa kwezinto. Oku kunokuchazwa njengenkqubo yoyilo elawula indawo yezinto ukwenza izakhiwo ezibonakala ngathi ziyaphikisana nemibono yoyilo olubonakalayo. Izakhiwo eziyilelwe ukusebenzisa le ndlela zibonakaliswa ziimilo zazo ezingezo-rectilinear ezibonisa ukungalindeleki. Uhlalutyo lwe-cubism kunye ne-minimalism zombini zinempembelelo enkulu kule ndlela; zenza ukuba ulwakhiwo lube nembonakalo eyodwa ngelixa ligcina ukucoceka okugqibeleleyo.
Isinagoge elitsha le-Mainz ngumzekelo oqaqambileyo wokusetyenziswa okungafunekiyo kwe-deconstructivism. Esi sakhiwo sihle esisetyenziswe njengeziko loluntu ukusukela ngo-2010, sayilwa nguManuel Herz kwaye siwumsebenzi wobugcisa oncomekayo. Omnye umzekelo ophawulekayo yiWalt Disney Concert Hall ehlala edolophini yaseLos Angeles, eCalifornia. Indoda engasemva kwesi sakhiwo siyilwe ngobuchule ngumakhi owaziwayo uFrank Gehry. Ukwangumyili wezinto ezidumileyo kwihlabathi iGuggenheim Museum Bilbao, eseSpain.
isiphelo
Ukuqukumbela, iindlela zangoku zokwakha zinezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo ukuvelisa imisebenzi emangalisayo yoyilo loyilo. Izinto ezibonakalayo zikwangqinekile ukuba zidlala indima enkulu kuyilo; iinkuni, umzekelo, zingasetyenziselwa ukubonisa imvakalelo efudumeleyo kunye nekhaya. Kwakhona, ezi ndlela zala maxesha zinokudityaniswa neendlela zesiko zoyilo zokwenza izakhiwo ezizodwa. Obu buchule buchazwe apha ngasentla zezona ndlela zindlela zisetyenziswayo zakutshanje zokwakha izakhiwo ezomangalisayo kwihlabathi liphela.
