UMbindi Mpuma usebenza njengendawo ephambili yokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya kwihlabathi liphela, uququzelela amakhulu eenqwelomoya zemihla ngemihla ezidibanisa i-US, iYurophu kunye neAsia ngenxa yendawo yayo yobuchule.
Imfazwe phakathi Sirayeli kunye neHamas, kudityaniswa nokwanda koxinzelelo kwindawo esele iguquguquka, yenze ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya kwezo ndlela kube nzima ngakumbi. Iinkampani zeenqwelomoya ziye zacutha iinkonzo ngenxa yeenkxalabo zokhuseleko ezivela koku kukhula koxinzelelo.
Imfazwe yaseRashiya-Ukraine
Ukuhlasela kweRashiya eUkraine kukhokelele ekuvalweni kwendawo yomoya ebanzi, okubangele ulibaziseko olumandla kwiinqwelomoya ezisuka kumazwe ngamazwe. Oku kuvalwa, okuchaphazela iindlela ezithandwayo njengeendlela ze-Great Circle ezinqumla eSiberia ezidibanisa amazwekazi, zongeze iiyure kwiihambo ezininzi.
I-El Al, i-airline yakwa-Israel, iguqule iindlela zokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya ngokuphepha kakhulu kwi-peninsula yase-Arabia ngenxa yenkxalabo yokhuseleko, okukhokelela kwiindlela ezinde eziya kwiindawo ezifana ne-Bangkok. Inqwelomoya yahlehlisela iinkonzo eIndiya kwaye yarhoxisa iindlela eziya eTokyo. Ezinye iinqwelomoya ezininzi ziye zayeka ukuya eTel Aviv ngexesha longquzulwano, iLufthansa yanqumamisa iinqwelomoya zaseBeirut okwethutyana. I-Air France-KLM iqaphele ukuhla okuncinci kwimfuno yabakhweli kuhambo oluya kummandla.
Imfazwe yakwaSirayeli-yasePalestine
Iingxabano eziqhubekayo zakwaSirayeli-Palestine zibeka imingcipheko kubahambi kwiinqwelomoya ezidlula kwiindawo zongquzulwano.
Ungquzulwano lwasekhaya kuMbindi Mpuma lunikeze iYemen, iSyria, kunye neSudan imida kwiinqwelomoya ezininzi. Abathwali base-US kunye ne-UK bahamba kude ne-Iranian airspace, bekhokela iinqwelomoya ezikude ukuya ngasentshona phezu kwe-Iraq. Ngelixa ungquzulwano lwakutsha nje lungekabangeli ukulibaziseka kwenqwelomoya kulo mmandla, uxinzelelo lucinezela iindlela zomoya phezu kwe-Iran ne-Iraq. Ukwanda kohlaselo lwase-US kunye nemikhosi emanyeneyo e-Iraq naseSyria, kunye nesilumkiso se-Iran malunga neengxabano ezintsha ezinokubakho ngenxa yohlaselo lwase-Gaza Strip yakwaSirayeli, ziqinisa iinkxalabo ngale mizila yenqwelomoya.
Ukuvalwa okunokwenzeka kwendawo yomoya kuMbindi Mpuma kunokuchaphazela malunga nama-300 iinqwelomoya zemihla ngemihla phakathi kweYurophu kunye noMzantsi/mpuma-mpuma weAsia, njengoko kuphawulwe yinkampani yohlalutyo lwenqwelomoya iCirium. Abathwali banezinye iindlela, nangona zibiza kwaye zingenabungozi, njengokujika ujikeleze eJiphutha (okukhokelela kwiinqwelomoya ezinde) okanye emantla ngaphezulu kweendawo zongquzulwano zakutsha nje njengeArmenia neAzerbaijan, elandelwa kukujikeleza okanye ngaphaya kweAfghanistan.
Iziphumo zeMfazwe kwi-Airline Operation
Anne Agnew Correa, usekela mongameli ophezulu MBA Aviation, igxininise into yokuba ukuvalwa kwendawo yomoya okubalulekileyo kuya kubangela imicelimngeni emikhulu yokusebenza kweenqwelo moya kunye namaqela olawulo lwengeniso. Abathwali abasuka kwiManyano yaseYurophu, e-UK, e-US, naseCanada sele bejongene neendlela ezibiza imali eninzi ngenxa yendawo yomoya yaseRussia eyalelweyo kwiinqwelomoya zaseAsia. Le meko yenza ukuba iFinnair Oyj ihlaziye isicwangciso sayo somgama omde, nto leyo ekhokelele ekubhaleni phantsi kweenqwelomoya ngenxa yokuncipha kwesakhono soluhlu. Ukongeza, i-Air France-KLM ityale imali kwiijeli ze-A350 zoluhlu olude ngokuyinxenye ukuze zijikeleze ukuvalwa kwendawo yomoya yaseRussia.
Ngo-2021, iFederal Aviation Administration yaqikelela ukuba iyure nganye eyongezelelweyo yokubhabha kuhambo oluqhelekileyo lwabantu abaninzi ifumene indleko eyongezelelweyo emalunga ne-US$7,227.
UJohn Gradek, ingcali kwimisebenzi yezophapho kwi University of McGill, yaphawula ukuba iindleko ezifana nepetroli kunye nabasebenzi ziye zanyuka ukususela ngoko, ngokongeza ngakumbi kwezi ndleko.
Abathwali abafana neChina Eastern Airlines basebenzisa inzuzo yabo yeendleko kwaye baphinde bavele kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe.
Abathwali baseTshayina babone ukukhula komthamo wezihlalo phakathi kweTshayina ne-UK, ukodlula amanqanaba angaphambi kwe-Covid. Baye bafumana isabelo semarike kwiBritish Airways kunye neVirgin Atlantic Airways. Iindlela ezifanayo ziphawulwa e-Italiya, apho iinqwelomoya zaseTshayina zifumana umhlaba kunye nokunyuka kwe-20% kumthamo.
Nangona kunjalo, iinqwelomoya ezisuka eTshayina zisiya eJamani, eFransi, naseNetherlands zisashiyeka ngasemva kumanqanaba ka-2019 nge-20% okanye ngaphezulu, nabathwali baseTshayina bafumana isabelo kwezi marike.
Ngaphandle kokunyuka kwamaza okuya eShanghai naseBeijing, izihlalo zeBritish Airways eziya eTshayina zihlala zisezantsi nge-40% kunamanqanaba ka-2019. Lilonke, i-IAG SA inike ingxelo ye-54% yokwehla kwamandla kummandla we-Asia-Pacific kwikota yesithathu xa kuthelekiswa no-2019.
I-CEO ye-Air France-KLM, uBen Smith, ukhankanye umnxeba we-27 ka-Okthobha ukuba inqwelomoya ayiziboni ikwimeko engalunganga kuba uninzi lwabathengi bayo beshishini bayathandabuza ukubeka abasebenzi babo kwiinqwelomoya eziwela iRussia ukuya eTshayina.
I-Air India, njengeenqwelomoya zaseTshayina, igcina amandla okuthatha iindlela ezithe ngqo ngaphezulu kweRussia ukuya e-US naseCanada. Ngaphandle kokufika ngokukhawuleza kwimpuma yeRashiya ngenxa yomcimbi we-injini kwinqwelomoya esuka eNew Delhi ukuya eSan Francisco, i-CEO ye-Air France-KLM, uBen Smith, ugxininise ukuba akukho xinzelelo lokubhabha phezu kweRashiya ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Idatha yeCirium ibonisa ukuvela kwakhona okuphawulekayo kwe-Air India, ithatha phantse ikota yesithathu yemarike yenqwelomoya yaseIndiya-US kwaye phantse isibini kwisithathu semarike yaseIndiya-Canada, ngelixa i-Air Canada iphulukene nolawulo lwayo lwangaphambili ngo-2019.
UJohn Grant, umhlalutyi oyintloko kwi-OAG yokulandelela inqwelomoya, ulumkisa ngomngcipheko okhulayo weshishini lokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya ngenxa yokwanda kweziganeko zokuvalwa kwendawo yomoya. UGrant ubalaselisa ukuba imeko yangoku ibonakalisa ihlabathi apho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokuvalwa okunjalo ziya zixhaphaka, nto leyo ebeka umngcipheko omkhulu kushishino.
