Abruzzo Italy: Green, Red, White, and Rose

Idume ngokuzinikela kwayo ekuzinzeni kokusingqongileyo, Abruzzo izuze udumo olufanelekileyo njengenye yemimandla eluhlaza kakhulu eYurophu. Lo mmandla ubukekayo uphawuleka ngokuyintloko ngumhlaba wawo ongamagingxigingxi kunye neentaba, ogubungela umyinge wama-99% womhlaba wayo. Okuphawuleka phakathi kwale mimangaliso yendalo bubungangamsha beGran Sasso massif, emi njengeyona ncopho iphakamileyo kwiiNtaba zeApennines.

Imozulu yaseAbruzzo inomtsalane ngokufanayo. Unxweme lwe-Adriatic, olunabela ngaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezili-130, lubonelela ngemozulu edibanisa kakuhle impepho epholileyo yolwandle lweMeditera kunye neempembelelo ezipholileyo ezivela kwiintaba zangaphakathi.

Abruzzo Wine Roots

Kwangoko ngo6^th Ngenkulungwane ye-BC, abemi base-Abruzzo kusenokwenzeka ukuba babeyonwabele iwayini ye-Abruzzo eyenziwe ngabantu base-Etruscans. Namhlanje, esi sithethe sityebileyo sinyamezele malunga neendawo zewayini ezingama-250, ookopolotyeni abangama-35, kunye nabalimi beediliya abangaphezu kwama-6,000, kunye nezidiliya ezigubungela i-34,000 yeehektare zinika i-1.2 yeebhotile zesigidi ezinomtsalane isiselo somdiliya ngonyaka. Okumangalisayo kukuba, i-65% yale mveliso ijoliswe kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe, ivelisa ingeniso yonyaka malunga ne-319 yezigidi zeedola.

Inkwenkwezi yodidi lomdiliya obomvu yiMontepulciano d'Abruzzo, ithatha malunga ne80% yemveliso yalo mmandla, nangona iMerlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, kunye nezinye iintlobo ezibomvu ziyafumaneka. Ngokucacileyo, umdiliya omhlophe okhethekileyo iPecorino, ethiywe ngegama legusha eyayikhe yatya ezidiliyeni, inomtsalane ngesipha seentyatyambo, amanqaku elamuni, ipesika emhlophe, iziqholo, iasidi ekhrimkileyo, kunye nentwana yetyuwa enetyuwa. Ukongeza, ezinye iidiliya ezimhlophe zengingqi, ezifana neTrebbiano kunye neCococciola, zinegalelo kwindalo yase-Abruzzo eyohlukeneyo yeviticultural landscape.

I-Cerasuolo d'Abruzzo, iwayini epinki eyahlukileyo evela kwingingqi ye-Abruzzo, inqabile, nezidiliya zayo zithatha nje iihektare ezingama-970, umahluko ocacileyo kwi-expanses ezinikezelwe kwiMontepulciano kunye neTrebbiano d'Abruzzo DO iwayini. Ukuze ufaneleke ukuba yiCerasuolo d'Abruzzo, iwayini kufuneka iqulathe ubuncinci be85% yeediliya zaseMontepulciano, ngelixa i-15% eshiyekileyo inokubandakanya iintlobo zediliya ezivunywe ekuhlaleni. Ngokwesiqhelo, iiwayini ezininzi zeCerasuolo d'Abruzzo zenziwa ngokukodwa kwi-100% yeediliya zaseMontepulciano. Ezi wayini zivumelekile ukuba zifike emarikeni nge-1 kaJanuwari wonyaka olandela isivuno.

Kwinqanaba eliphakamileyo le-Cerasuolo d'Abruzzo Superiore, imigangatho engqongqo ngakumbi iyadlala. Kufuneka iqhayise ngobuncinci utywala obuphezulu ngomthamo (ABV) we-12.5%, ngokuchaseneyo nomgangatho we-12%, kwaye ithathe ixesha lokuvuthwa elandisiweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga neenyanga ezine endaweni yesibini somgangatho.

ICerasuolo d'Abruzzo, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi "rose of Abruzzo," ifumana umbala wayo otyebileyo kwimaceration emfutshane yeeyure ezingama-24, apho umbala kunye neetannins zitsalwa ngenxa yobuninzi beanthocyanin kwisikhumba somdiliya. Oku kwahlukile kwiirosés ezikhaphukhaphu ezahlula ijusi kwizikhumba kwangoko.

Phambi kokufaka iibhotile, iCerasuolo d'Abruzzo ihlala igugile kwintsimbi engatyiwayo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiprofayili yeziqhamo ezaliswe bubumuncu obucekeceke, uphawu oluphenjelelwa kubuninzi belanga lommandla, umphakamo ophakamileyo, kunye nempepho epholileyo yasentabeni. Eyona mizekelo mihle yale wayini ibonisa itannins ezidityaniswe kakuhle kunye nobutyebi bencasa yeziqhamo ezibomvu eziphucuka ngokukhula. Ukuba ufuna enye indlela kwiProvence-style rosé kwaye uyonwabele ukukhanya okubomvu okufana neBeaujolais Villages, iCerasuolo d'Abruzzo ime njengokhetho olumnandi.

Umgangatho Ufumana Ingqalelo

Kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini idlulileyo, i-Abruzzo iye yafumana utshintsho olumangalisayo kushishino lokwenza iwayini, igxile ekuphuculeni umgangatho wewayini. Iintsapho ezizinze nzulu kwesi siko lokwenziwa kwewayini zityebile kakhulu ngomsebenzi wazo, zibonisa ukuzinikela kwazo ngokubonisa amagama azo kwiileyibhile zewayini. Olu gxininiso luhlaziyiweyo kwi-terroir, kuquka izinto ezifana nokwakheka komhlaba, ukuqhelaniswa nethambeka, imozulu, kunye nefilosofi yokwenza iwayini, iye yawuphakamisa kakhulu umgangatho wokwenziwa kwewayini kulo mmandla. Ubuchule obutsha bukwaquke ukuguga okwandisiweyo kwe-oki, ukukhuselwa kwentsimbi esetyenziswa kwiiwayini ze-Pecorino, kunye nokuzama ukubilisa iwayini kwiitanki zeterracotta njengenye indlela yentsimbi yesiko engenasici. Olu tshintsho luhlangeneyo lunegalelo ekuphakamiseni isidima sika-Abruzzo kwinqanaba lewayini yehlabathi.

Isiqinisekiso sibambe indawo ebalulekileyo ekwahluleni iwayini yeAbruzzo kwezinye. Ngenxa yemozulu ethanda iwayini kulo mmandla, uninzi lwezidiliya zase-Abruzzo ziye zasebenzisa iindlela zokulima ngokwemvelo. Iindawo ezininzi zewayini kulo mmandla ngokuzingca zibonisa izitywina zendalo okanye igama elithi BIO kwiilebhile zabo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuzinikela kwabo kwindalo yeviticulture. Imizi-mveliso emininzi yewayini iqhuba ulimo oluphilayo kodwa abakafumani satifikethi esisemthethweni. Olu gxininiso kwiindlela ze-organic luhlala lukhokelela kwiwayini ezinencasa zeziqhamo ezisulungekileyo kunye noburhabaxa obukhethekileyo, inegalelo kuphawu olwahlukileyo lwewayini ye-Abruzzo.

IiWineries zikwaphonononga iziqinisekiso ezizodwa ukuze bazibeke ngokwahlukileyo.

 Abanye baye balandela iziqinisekiso ezifana neVegan Certified kunye nokuLingana ukwahluka kunye nokuBandakanywa, isatifikethi esitsha esibonelelwa nguArborus. Ezi ziqinisekiso zibonisa ukuzibophelela kommandla kuzinzo, ubandakanyo, kunye nokubonelela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezikhethwa ngabathengi.

Umhlaba

Umhlaba wesidiliya sase-Abruzzo uphawuleka ngobukho besanti kunye nodongwe. Olu didi olulodwa lomhlaba lunegalelo kwiimpawu ezicacileyo kunye neempawu zewayini eziveliswa kulo mmandla. Imihlaba eyisanti ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zokukhupha amanzi, nto leyo evumela amanzi agqithisileyo ukuba adlule ngokukhawuleza. Olu phawu ndiluncedo kakhulu kwimimandla enemvula ephezulu njengoko ithintela ukugcwala kwamanzi kwaye inceda ukugcina umgangatho wokufuma olungeleleneyo wemithi yediliya. Ukongeza, iipropathi ezifunxa ubushushu zesanti zinokwenza i-microclimate efanelekileyo yokukhula kwewayini. Ubushushu obugcinwe emini bukhutshwa kancinci kancinci ngexesha lobusuku obupholileyo, nto leyo enokukhuthaza nokuvuthwa komdiliya. Iziphumo? Iwayini ezinencasa yeziqhamo ezidlamkileyo, iasidi elungileyo, kunye nefinesse ethile.

Imihlaba eludongwe inomthamo ophezulu wokubamba amanzi, iluncedo kwiminyaka eyomileyo njengoko iqinisekisa ukuba imidiliya iyafikelela kubonelelo oluzinzileyo lokufuma. Oku kunceda imidiliya imelane namaxesha embalela kwaye inegalelo ekukhuleni komdiliya ngokugxila ngakumbi kunye nobunzulu bencasa. Udongwe lukwagcina iiminerali kunye nezakha mzimba ezithi kancinane zikhutshelwe kwimidiliya, okomeleza impilo jikelele kunye nokuntsokotha kwe wayini.

Ukudityaniswa kwesanti kunye nodongwe kwenza umhlaba we Abruzzo ulungelelane phakathi kwe drainage kunye nokugcina ukufuma kwaye kubalulekile ekukhuleni komdiliya, kunqanda iingcambu ekubeni zingamanzi ngelixesha uqinisekisa unikezelo lwamanzi oluzinzileyo ngamaxesha omileyo. Ubukho beminerali kudongwe bungaboleka uphawu lweminerali olwahlukileyo kwiwayini, yongeza kubunzima kunye nobunzulu bazo.

Uqeqesho lomdiliya

Inkqubo yoqeqesho lomdiliya eAbruzzo, eyaziwa njenge "pergola abruzzese," ineengcambu nzulu kwilifa lengingqi yokwenza iwayini kwaye idlale indima ebalulekileyo ekulinyweni kwemidiliya. Le ndlela ibonakaliswa kukusetyenziswa kweepali zomthi ezime nkqo kunye nothungelwano lwescaffolding okanye iingcingo zentsimbi, ezenzelwe ngokucokisekileyo ukuxhasa amasebe omdiliya abonisa ubulumko nenjongo enzulu.

imveliso

Imveliso ye wayini yase Abruzzo yohlulwe ibeyi 42% emhlophe, 58% ebomvu kunye ne rose (rosato) iwayini. Ngokucacileyo, lo mmandla waziwa ngokuba yiCerasuolo d'Abruzzo edumileyo, ethathwa njengenye yeewayini zase-Italiya ezigqwesileyo. Ngelixa iTrebbiano Toscano kunye neTrebbiano Abruzzese zisezezona ntlobo zimhlophe ziphambili, iintlobo zemveli ezifana nePecorino, Passerina, Cocociola, kunye neMontonico zisanda kakhulu, zongeza iyantlukwano kwiminikelo yewayini.

DOC, DOCG

E Italy, iwayini zihlelwa kwaye zilawuleke ngokomgangatho wazo, imvelaphi, kunye neendidi zediliya. Iintlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zewayini ze-Italian yi-DOC (Denominazione di Origine, Controllata) kunye ne-DOCG (Denominazine di Origine Controllata e Garantita).

Igama le-DOC lichaza indawo yejografi apho iidiliya zilinywa khona kunye newayini eveliswayo. E-Abruzzo imimandla yeDOC iquka iMontepulciano d'Abruzzo, iTrebbiano d'Abruzzo kunye neCerasuolo d'Abruzzo. Imithetho yeDOC iyabalula ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zediliya ezinokusetyenziswa ekuveliseni iwayini kulo mmandla. EMontepulciano d'Abruzzo DOC kufuneka ubuncinane kubekho i85% yeediliya zaseMontepulciano ezisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwewayini ebomvu. Iiwayini ze-DOC kufuneka zihambelane neendlela ezithile zokuvelisa eziquka imithetho yokuguga, isiqulatho sotywala, njl.njl. ngenjongo yokugcina umgangatho kunye neempawu zewayini zesintu. Iiwayini ze-DOC zibekwe esweni kwaye ziqinisekiswe ngumbutho olawulayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyayifezekisa imigangatho emiselweyo, iqinisekisa abathengi ngobunyani kunye nomgangatho wewayini.

Ukutyunjwa kwe-DOCG luhlelo oluphezulu olubonisa imigaqo engqongqo kunye nomgangatho oqinisekisiweyo. Iwayini ze-DOCG zivavanywa ngokungqongqo kwaye zijongiwe ukuqinisekisa umgangatho obalaseleyo kwaye zimele eyona mimandla ibalaseleyo yazo. Imimandla ihlala ixhomekeke ngokwejografi. E-Abruzzo, iMontepulciano d'Abruzzo Colline Termane yindawo engaphantsi kweMontepulciano d'Abruzzo DOCG, eyaziwa ngokuvelisa iwayini ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Kusoloko kukho imida kwisivuno esikhulu ngehektare nganye ukuqinisekisa ukuba imidiliya esetyenziswa kwezi wayini ikumgangatho ophezulu. Kukwakho netywina leSiqinisekiso kwi-bottleneck yokuqinisekisa ubunyani kunye nomgangatho.

Future

Iwayini ze-Abruzzo zinekamva eliqaqambileyo lasekhaya kunye nelamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yokuzinikela kwazo kumgangatho, uzinzo, kunye nokukhuthaza iintlobo zediliya ezikhethekileyo zemveli. Ilifa lewayini elityebileyo kulo mmandla, kudityaniswe nokuzinikela ekuphuculeni nasekuveliseni izinto ezintsha, kuwenza ube ngumdlali othembisayo kushishino lwewayini yehlabathi.

Kwiingcinga zam

1.       Fattoria Nicodemi. 2021 Trebbiano d'Abruzzo DOC Cocciopesto. Abruzzo

Iwayini ekhethekileyo kunye neyenziwe ngobuchule:

· Terroir: Isidiliya sikhula kakuhle kwilimestone enobume obuphakathi kunye nomhlaba wodongwe.

· Uqeqesho lweVine: Ukusebenzisa inkqubo yoqeqesho yeAbruzzo Pergola enoxinano olunomtsalane lwezityalo eziyi-1600 ngehektare nganye.

· Ixesha leSidiliya: Imidiliya kwesi sidiliya ineminyaka engama-50 ubudala, inegalelo kubunzulu kunye nesimilo se wayini.

· Inkqubo yokwenza iwayini: Iidiliya zigalelwa, kodwa azicinezelwa.

· Ukuvubela: Igwele lendalo okanye lendalo liyasetyenziswa.

· I-Maceration: Iwayini idlula kwinkqubo ye-maceration ethatha iinyanga ezi-5, kunye nokubethelwa ngezandla phantsi okwenziwe ngeentsuku zokuqala ezili-15.

• Ukuvuthwa: Emva kokurasha, iwayini ibuyela kwitanki yecocciopesto ukuze iphuculwe ngakumbi.

Iingqayi zeCocciopesto: Ezi ngqayi zizodwa zenziwe ngomxube wezitena ezikrwada, amaqhekeza amatye, isanti, ibhinder, namanzi; zomiswe emoyeni ubuncinane iintsuku ezingama-30.

• IMicro-Oxygenation: Iingqayi zecocciopesto zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni iimpawu zewayini ze-organoleptic kunye namavumba. Ukuma kwazo kancinci kuqinisekisa imicro-oxygenation elawulwayo etyebisa iwayini ngaphandle kokukhupha naliphi na ivumba elingafunwayo.

· Ubume beWayini: Iziphumo yiwayini ecukucezwe kakuhle necekethekileyo, ephawuleka ngokuba yimineral character.

· Ukugalelwa kwebhotile: Iwayini ifakwa ebhotileni ngaphandle kokuhluzwa, igcina ubunyulu nobunzulu bayo.

· Ukuguga: Iwayini iguga kangangeenyanga ezintathu ezongezelelweyo ukuze ifikelele kwisakhono sayo esipheleleyo.

amanqaku:

· Umbala: Ubonisa umbala otyheli ngeendiza kunye neempawu zelamuni

· Ivumba elimnandi: Isipha sentyatyambo sihonjiswe ngamanqaku acekeceke eentyatyambo, sibonelela ngamava amnandi nanevumba elimnandi lokunuka.

· Inkalakahla: Iwayini inika umxube oyolisayo wobusi kunye nencasa yeziqhamo edlamkileyo, ekhatshwa ngokuhambelana nobuminerali. Isiphumo luhambo olungalindelekanga kunye noluguquguqukayo lokungcamla

· Ukuqhubela phambili: Ngesephu nganye yewayini ityhileka ngokuntsonkotha, ibonise ukucolwa kwayo okumangalisayo kunye nophawu olusulungekileyo, olulungeleleneyo.

· Lilonke: Iphawulwa ngempumlo yeentyatyambo kunye nesityalo esimnandi, inkalakahla edlamkileyo neqhutywa ziiminerali, kunye nendalo eguqukayo, entle.

2.       Barone Cornacchia. 2021 Trebbiano d'Abruzzo DOC Poggio Varano. 100% Trebbiano. Izinto eziphilayo eziqinisekisiweyo ezivela kumhlaba onamatye anekhalcareous.

Ukuvubela kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, ngenxa yesenzo segwele lemveli. Uhambo luqala ngokutyunyuzwa, ukushwatyulwa, nokuvutshelwa kweediliya nezikhumba zazo ziphelele. I-Maceration yongezwa ngokucokisekileyo kangangeentsuku ezingama-32 kwiitanki zentsimbi engenasici, igcina ubushushu obulawulwayo phakathi kwe-16-18 degrees Celsius. Ukulandela le maceration ixesha elide, incindi ihlulwe ngobunono kwisikhumba ngokushicilela okuthambileyo. Iwayini ke iye ithathe ixesha lokuvuthwa kweenyanga ezili-12 kwiitanki zentsimbi engatyiwayo kwileyi zayo. I-batonnage rhoqo igcina i-lees ekumisweni, yongeza ubunzulu kunye nobunzima. Ukugqibelana kokuphela kwexesha lokuguga ebhotileni kangangeenyanga ezi-6, nto leyo evumela iwayini ukuba iguquke kwaye ifikelele kwisakhono sayo esipheleleyo.

amanqaku:

· Kwiglasi, i-Trebbiano d'Abruzzo DOC ka-Barone Cornacchia ka-2021 u-Poggio Varano ubonisa umbala onzulu, otyheli onzulu kunye neembalasane zegolide kunye ne-amber.

· Ivumba elimnandi: Iwayini ikhupha isipha esityebileyo ngamanqaku eziqhamo ezivuthiweyo nezomisiweyo, ezincediswa ngamagqabantshintshi athambileyo erose petals. I-Herbal nuances efihlakeleyo ye-mint kunye ne-sage yongeza ubunzulu kunye nobunzima kwiprofayili enevumba elimnandi.

· Inkalakahla: Iwayini iqhayisa ngomzimba ozeleyo nongqukuva othimba izivamvo. Uhambo lufikelela kuvuthondaba ngokuthatha ixesha elide, lunikezela ngeengcebiso ezinomdla zokukrakra eziphakamisa amava okungcamla ngokubanzi.

© UGqirha Elinor Garely. Inqaku lelungelo lokushicilela, kubandakanya iifoto, alinakuphinda liveliswe ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo evela kumbhali.