UKhenketho oluZinzileyo lwaseTanzania lonyuswe ngeNew Geopark

INkomfa yeShumi yaMazwe ngaMazwe nge-UNESCO Global Geoparks 2023 ibibanjelwe eMarrakesh, eMorocco, ukusuka ngomhla wesi-5 ukuya kowe-11 kweyoMsintsi iququzelelwa kwaye isingathwe liBhunga le I-UNESCO Global Geoparks Network (GGN).

Ubongameli be-Geopark Africa Network yandiselwa kwi-Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) Senior Assistant Conservation Commissioner kunye neNtloko yeCandelo leLifa leNkcubeko uMnu. Joshua Mwankunda nguDkt. Driss Achbal waseMorocco ogqibe iminyaka yakhe emibini.

I-Ngorongoro Lengai Geopark yiyo yodwa e-Afrika emazantsi e-Sahara emva kwe-M'Goun UNESCO Global Geopark e-Morocco, izisa kuphela i-2 Geoparks esekwe e-Afrika.

INkomfa yeGeopark

Iququzelelwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2, iNkomfa yaMazwe ngaMazwe kwi-UNESCO iGlobal Geoparks idibanisa abantu abavela kwihlabathi liphela ukuze babelane ngeziphumo zamva nje kunye namava kwizihloko ezahlukeneyo, ukusukela kuphando lwejoloji ukuya. ukhenketho oluzinzileyo, imfundo, kunye nolawulo oluthatha inxaxheba kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo.

Ummandla wase-Arab kunye ne-Afrika uneendawo ze-2 kuphela ezibhaliswe kwi-UNESCO Global Geoparks Network, eyi-M'Goun e-Morocco kunye ne-Ngorongoro-Lengai e-Tanzania.

Ngaphandle kwezilwanyana zasendle, iimpawu zejoloji ngoku ziza kubakhenkethi kuMantla eTanzania, ubukhulu becala kwiNdawo yoLondolozo lweNgorongoro, enye yeendawo ezidumileyo zabakhenkethi eMpuma Afrika. Iimpawu zabakhenkethi bejoloji ngaphakathi kwendawo yolondolozo ziye zasekwa ngokudibeneyo njengeNgorongoro Lengai Geopark. Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) ngoku iphuhlisa iindawo zokulala zabakhenkethi kunye nezinye izibonelelo zenkonzo yabatyeleli eGeopark ukutsala abakhenkethi abaninzi, abakhenkethi abasuka kumazwe angaphandle nabalapha ekhaya.

Iindawo zeGeopark Hotspots

Eyona nto inomtsalane phakathi kwezi ndawo zejoloji yiMount Oldonyo Lengai, intaba-mlilo eqhubekayo eTanzania. Incopho yentaba emile okwekhowuni itshica umlilo xa igqabhuka. I-Oldonyo Lengai okanye "iNtaba kaThixo" ngolwimi lwesiMaasai yintaba-mlilo ekhethekileyo kwaye inomdla kakhulu ephakame ngaphezu kweRift Valley yaseMpuma Afrika.

Ukusuka kumathambeka asezantsi entaba yentaba-mlilo i-Oldonyo Lengai, yiMalanja Depression, imbonakalo entle yejoloji ebekwe kumazantsi ethafa laseSerengeti nakwimpuma yeNtaba iNgorongoro. Udandatheko lwenziwa kukushukuma komhlaba ukuya ngasentshona, kushiya owona mmandla usempuma udandathekile. Imizi yamaMaasai ihombisa le ndawo phakathi kweMalanja Depression kwaye ibonelele ngamava enkcubeko kubakhenkethi, inika isymbiosis yobomi phakathi kwabantu, imfuyo, kunye nezilwanyana zasendle, zonke zibelana ngendalo.

I-Nasera Rock yeyona ndawo imangalisayo yejoloji ekufanele ukuba uyindwendwele. Yimitha engama-50 (iinyawo ezili-165) ukuphakama kwe-inselberg ekumzantsi-ntshona weeNtaba zeGol ngaphakathi koMmandla woLondolozo lweNgorongoro. Eli litye linombala okhanyayo yi-metamorphic gneiss apho kwatofwa khona i-granitic magma etyhidiweyo kwaye yapholiswa ukwenza igranite epinki, isikhokelo sam sandixelela.

Kukho imiqolomba emininzi, engekho nzulu phantsi kweLiwa leNasera elibonelele ngekhusi kumntu wokuqala. Kule miqolomba, ubungqina bubonisa ukuba umntu wokuqala wayehlala apho malunga neminyaka engama-30,000 eyadlulayo, njengoko kungqinwa zizixhobo zamatye, iziqwenga zamathambo kunye nezinto ezenziwe ngodongwe ezifunyenwe apha.

Olkarien Gorge lolunye uphawu olunomtsalane lwejografi okanye ngokwejografi olufanele ukutyelelwa. Inzulu kwaye imxinwa kakhulu ineekhilomitha ezisi-8 ubude. Lo mwonyo ukwalikhaya lamathanga amaxhalanga. Amakhulukhulu amaxhalanga abhabha phezu kwalo mwonyo, ngoxa amaMaasai efumana umhlaba wokufaka imibala ngeenwele kulo mwonyo.

Ezinye izinto ezinomtsalane zejoloji ngaphakathi kweNCAA yiNgorongoro Crater (250 kms) yiOlmoti Crater (3.7 kms) neMpakai crater (8 kms). Intaba-mlilo yaseNgorongoro yeyona idumileyo phakathi kwezinye iinkalo zejografi ezitsala abakhenkethi ukuya kwindawo yoLondolozo. Lo mngxuma ulikhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana zasendle, ezinjengeendlovu, imikhombe emnyama, iingonyama, amabhadi kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezincancisayo. Imbali yejoloji kaNgorongoro Lengai Geopark yaqala kwiminyaka ezigidi ezingama-500 eyadlulayo xa kusenziwa isanti yegranite ebonwa kwiiNtaba zeGol nakwintshona ejikeleze iLake Eyasi.

I-UNESCO Global Geoparks yimimandla yejografi ekhethekileyo nemanyeneyo apho iziza kunye nembonakalo-mhlaba yokubaluleka kwejoloji yamazwe ngamazwe zilawulwa ingcinga epheleleyo yokhuseleko, imfundo, kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo olubandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni.