Uvuko ngeXesha leMfazwe

Umzobi okrelekrele wemifanekiso yembali kunye neentlobo zemifanekiso, imihlaba, nemifanekiso, uyayigxotha “izinto zokwenene zokwenene” kwioli ekwiseyile.

Kwimisebenzi yakhe, ngenkalipho uzama ukusondela enyanisweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Imizobo yakhe ibubungqina bamava akhe okulwa kuMbindi Asia. Iinzame zakhe zokubonisa ukoyikeka kwemfazwe kunye nentshabalalo iguqule imizobo yakhe ibe sisincoko somfanekiso wokwenyani, ebambe zombini umzuzu nomoya - ingeyiyo "yobugorha nobugorha bomkhosi" njengoko esitsho ngokwakhe, kodwa umoya wabantu abangamagorha ababandezelekayo. uninzi lwamaxesha emfazwe “nangenkohlakalo yabalawuli abathi batshonisa iintlanga kwimbubhiso ebulalayo.”

Ukujongana neendaba zemihla ngemihla malunga nokufa kunye nentshabalalo kwi eUkraine edlakazwe yimfazwe, sinokubona umzobi ochazwe ukuba abe lingqina lexesha leengxabano kunye neemfazwe, ukusuka e-Afghanistan ukuya kuMbindi Mpuma kunye noMntla Afrika, ukuya eCaucasus kwaye - ukususela ngo-2014 - eUkraine. Nangona kunjalo, nangona engeyena u-coeval - malunga nomyalezo ovuselelayo wemizobo yakhe, ngokuqinisekileyo unjalo!

Igama lakhe nguVasily Vereshchagin. Wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 26, 1842, eCherepovets/Novgorod Governorate, eRashiya, waza wafa ngoAprili 13, 1904. Ngaphezulu kobuchule bakhe njengomzobi omangalisayo wokwenyani, wagqwesa njengombhali-mbali, isazi sezizwe ngezizwe kunye nejografi, umbhali kunye nombhali-mbali. intatheli, kwaye, ngakumbi, umkhenkethi onomdla, oquka phakathi kwezinye iindawo zaseBalkan, kuMbindi Mpuma, eTurkestan, eManchuria, eIndiya, kwiiPhilippines, eJapan, eCuba, naseUnited States.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini sobomi bakhe, uVereshchagin wabamba imiboniso engama-65 yemisebenzi yakhe, ikakhulu eNtshona Yurophu naseUnited States.

Iingxelo zoluntu zazininzi.

Kutheni eneneni abantu babeyixabisa kangaka iVereshchagin? Kwincwadi enemifanekiso ethi "Vereshchagin," eyapapashwa ngo-1987 kwi-"Leningrad Khudozhnik RSFSR," u-Andrei Lebedev kunye no-Alexander Solodnikov banika ingqiqo ephawulekayo malunga nokukhululeka ngokukhululeka emva kweGlasnost kunye nePerestroika kaGorbachev: Okokuqala, yayiziingcamango zenkululeko nedemokhrasi ezaziyintetho yengqondo yengqondo yaseRashiya yenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba yaye yaba ngumthombo wempembelelo kaVereshchagin.”

Nangona wayehlala kwinkulungwane ye-19, umxholo wemfazwe uninzi lwemisebenzi yakhe yobugcisa engama-235 awuzange ulahlekelwe nto kwiipropathi zabo zokukhumbula kunye nesilumkiso se-cathartic: Ziyoyikisa, zisenza sibe namandla ngakumbi kunokuba siye saqonda into engenakucingelwa: loo mfazwe. ibuyele eYurophu, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokukrazula izitshixo ezinomhlwa zeABC zeMfazwe ebandayo.

UVereshchagin wayeneminyaka enokuba ngama-25 xa wayebandakanyeke ngokupheleleyo kumdlalo owawubizwa ngokuba “nguMdlalo Omkhulu,” echaza usukuzwano olwaluphakathi kweRashiya, iGreat Britain neTshayina kuMbindi weAsiya ngenkulungwane ye-19. Wabona ukuphalazwa kwegazi okungakhethiyo kumadabi awayephakathi komkhosi waseRashiya namajoni eBuchara Emirate. Kwimfazwe yaseRussia-Turkish malunga nokukhululwa kweBalkan kwingcinezelo ye-Ottoman, uVereshchagin wabulawa kakhulu. Kwimizobo yakhe, wagxeka "abanye babaphathi baseRashiya abangakwaziyo kunye nokungabikho kokuzinikela" (ukusuka kwi "Vereshchagin" nguLebedev noSolodnikov).

Ekubeni waba “nguMthendeleko Woxolo,” wayengenakukugxeka kabukhali ubuzwe okanye ubuzwe.

 Akukho nto ithetha ukuba iminqwazi yobhedu yomkhosi yaziva iinxalenye zemizobo yeVereshchagin eyona nto imbi kakhulu, ekhupha iingxaki ezinzulu kumculi. Wayenikezele imizobo yakhe ukubonisa amasikizi emfazwe, nangona ukufa kwakhe kwakungekho luxolo. UVereshchagin edibene nomkhosi wakhe, u-Admiral Stepan Markarov, babhubhela kwinqanawa yaseRussia "iPetropavlovsk," eyabethwa yimigodi emibini xa ibuyela ePort Arthur (namhlanje eyiDalian/China) yatshona nge-13 ka-Epreli 1904, ngexesha leMfazwe yaseRussia-Japan. (IRashiya, nangona yayigqalwa njengeyongamileyo, yoyiswa yiloo mfazwe, ngaloo ndlela yakhulisa amathandabuzo okuqala ngokungoyiswa “kwaseYurophu” eAsia).

Ewe, uVereshchagin wayeya kukhetha ukusebenzisa iitalente zakhe ezibonisa amacala aqaqambileyo obomi. Indlela yakhe yokuphila yayingeyonto ithile, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, kwaye wayeya kwabelana nabanye ngombono wakhe wokuhamba ngehlabathi enotyekelo olunamandla kwi-adventurism. UVereshchagin wabhala wathi: “Ndandilithanda ilanga ubomi bam bonke yaye ndandifuna ukupeyinta ukukhanya kwelanga, xa ndandibona imfazwe ndize ndithethe oko ndicinga ngako, ndandivuyiswa kukuba ndandiza kuphinda ndizinikele elangeni kwakhona. Kodwa ingqumbo yemfazwe yaqhubeka indisukela” (isuka kuVasily Vereshchagin – Wikipedia). 

I-Austrian-Bohemian pacifist kunye nombhali wenoveli uBertha von Suttner uye wamazi uVereshchagin. Kwiinkumbulo zakhe wakhumbula utyelelo komnye wemiboniso yakhe eVienna, “Kwimizobo emininzi asikwazanga ukucinezela isikhalo esothusayo.” UVereshchagin waphendula wathi: “Mhlawumbi uyakholelwa ukuba loo nto ibaxiwe? Hayi, inyani yoyikeka ngakumbi (ukusuka peaceinstitute.com). "

Umzobo wokugqibela wochungechunge lukaVereshchagin "IiBarbarians," inesihloko esithi "Apotheosis yeMfazwe" - umzekeliso ombi wephiramidi yokakayi bomntu. Wayeyiqonda i-canvas yakhe njengohlobo lohlaselo oloyikekayo lwe-Oriental despot Tamerlane lwakha lwabulawa kuMbindi Asia nangaphaya. Umyalezo kaVereshchagin unezopolitiko kakhulu, "Kubo bonke aboyisi abakhulu - abadlulileyo, abangoku kunye nekamva." Ukubonakala kungqamana nemfazwe yanamhlanje e-Ukraine ayinakuchukumisa ngakumbi.

Nangona umsebenzi ogqwesileyo kaLeo Tolstoy othi “Imfazwe Noxolo” waphembelela uVereshchagin ukuba abe nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wendlela kaTolstoy yokuchasa imfazwe kwioli ekwiseyile, yayiyinoveli kaTolstoy ethi “Uvuko” eyabetha zonke iirekhodi xa yayipapashwa ngowe-1899. kwiphephancwadi eliphuma kanye ngenyanga laseMerika, elithi “Cosmopolitan,” elinomxholo oguqulelwe ngokukhululekileyo ngokuthi “Ukuvuka.” Namhlanje luvuso lokufumana indlela yokuphuma eluxolweni!

Iminqweno yethu “yePasika emyoli” inokuvakala inyanisekile namhlanje. Ukanti zisenokuvakala zingafanelekanga ukuba zibhekiswa kubantu abathwaxwa yimfazwe nokuswela. Kubo “ukonwaba” kuye kwajika kwayinto engaqhelekanga. Ukanti kusekho iIsta, intuthuzelo, nokhuthazo luvakala kumazwi eCawa yaseMpuma athi: “UChristos voskrese/uKristu uvukile.” "Voistinu voskrese/Uvukile, ngokwenene."