Ukuba Ukuphila kubaluleke kakhulu, ngaba kufuneka uhambe ngenqanawa?

Nangona kunzima ukuba ndikholelwe, unyaka nonyaka abantu abamalunga nama-30 ezigidi bachitha ixesha nemali eninzi ($ 150 yezigidigidi ngonyaka) kwiinqanawa zokuhamba ngenqanawa, nangona oko kudala imeko efanelekileyo yokusasazeka kwezifo ezosulelayo.

Ukuxhotyiswa

Iinqanawa zokuhamba ngenqanawa zizisa inani elikhulu labantu ndawonye kwiindawo ezixineneyo, ezincinci ezifakwe ngaphakathi ezenza ukuba izifo zisasazeke zisuka komnye umntu ziye komnye okanye zithunyelwe ngokutya okanye ngamanzi, kwaye, kwesi “sixeko sihambayo,” amawaka abantu babelana ngococeko kunye neenkqubo ze-HVAC. Ukongeza kubunzima bemeko yenqanawa yokuhamba ngenqanawa yinto yokuba abantu abavela kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo, banamava okhuseleko olwahlukileyo kwaye bafika kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo zempilo. Izifo zibaleka ngenxa yokuphefumla kunye nosulelo lwe-GI (okt, i-norovirus) ukuya kwizifo ezinokuthintelwa ngokugonya (cinga irhashalala kunye nemasisi).

Abakhweli kunye nabasebenzi bayasebenzisana kwiiholo zokutyela, kumagumbi okuzonwabisa, kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa, nasemachibini, kusonyusa ithuba lokudluliselwa kwezinto eziphilayo phakathi kwabo. Kwangelo xesha, iarhente eyosulelayo inamandla okungena kukutya okanye kunikezelo lwamanzi okanye iinkqubo zococeko kunye neenkqubo zeHVAC ezisasazwa ngokubanzi kuyo yonke inqanawa ebangela ukosuleleka kunye / okanye ukufa.

Xa elinye iqela labakhweli lisiya elunxwemeni lincinci kakhulu ixesha lokuba abasebenzi bacoce inqanawa ngaphambi kokuba kufike iqela elilandelayo; Ukongeza, abasebenzi abashiyekileyo bahlala kwiqela ukuya kwiqela ukuze ilungu elinye elosulelekileyo likwazi ukuchitha iiseli kwaye, kwimeko ye-COVID-19, ethatha malunga neentsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-14 ukubonakalisa, amashumi (okanye amakhulu) angosuleleka komnye umntu.

Ukongeza kwingxaki, abakhweli kunye nabasebenzi behla behla enqanaweni kumazibuko ahlukeneyo kwaye banokuchaphazeleka kukugula kunye nezifo kwindawo enye, bayithwale bangene, babelane ngayo nabakhweli kunye nabasebenzi, emva koko bayisasaze kubantu abahlala izibuko elilandelayo lomnxeba.

Ayingowokuqala

Eli ayiloxesha lokuqala ukuba iinqanawa zibe zizitya zePetri zesifo. Igama "ukuvalelwa yedwa" lisuka kwindibaniselwano yokugula kunye neenqanawa. Xa uKufa Okumnyama kwakhubaza iYurophu ngenkulungwane ye-14 ikoloni yezorhwebo yaseVenice, iRagusa, ayizange ivale ngokupheleleyo, ivumela imithetho emitsha yokundwendwela iinqanawa (1377). Ukuba iinqanawa zazifika zivela kwiindawo ezinesibetho, kwakufuneka babambise kude nonxweme kangangenyanga ukubonakalisa ukuba babengengabo abathwali besi sifo. Ixesha elunxwemeni landisiwe laya kwiintsuku ezingama-40 kwaye lachongwa njenge-quarantino, isi-Italiya nge "40."

Isikhephe esihamba kuso: Umba woBomi nokufa

Ngomhla ka-1 kuFebruwari 2020, i-imeyile evela kumagosa ezempilo eHong Kong yazisa iPrincess Cruises kwinto yokuba umgibeli oneminyaka engama-80 ubudala kuvavanyiwe ukuba une-coronavirus entsha emva kokuphuma kwiDiamond Princess kwisixeko sabo. UAlbert Lam, ugqirha wezifo zikarhulumente waseHong Kong ucebise ngokucoca inqanawa.

Akukho nto yenzekileyo ide yenzeka de yangomso (ngoFebruwari 2, 2020) xa uGqirha Grant Tarling, uSekela Mongameli weQela kunye neGosa eliyiNtloko lezeMpilo kwiCarnival Corporation (kubandakanya iCarnival Cruise Line, Princess Cruises, Holland America Line, Seabourn, P & O Australia kunye ne-HAP Alaska) uphawule lo mbandela kusetyenziswa imidiya yoluntu.

I-Carnival isebenza ngeendlela ezili-9 zokuhamba ngeenqanawa ngeenqanawa ezingaphezu kwe-102 kwaye zithwala abakhweli abazizigidi ezili-12 ngonyaka. Umbutho umele iipesenti ezingama-50 zentengiso yolwandle kunye noGqirha Tarling, njengoko ugqirha wenkampani enoxanduva lokuphendula kuqhambuko. Xa uGqirha Tarling wayifunda le ngxelo kodwa waphendula kuphela ngeeprotokholi zenqanaba elisezantsi.

I-Bhritane ye-Diamond ebhalisiweyo yase-Bhritane yayiyinqanawa yokuqala yokuhamba ngenqanawa ukubhalisa ukuqhambuka okukhulu ebhodini kwaye yafakwa yedwa e-Yokohama inyanga enye (ukusukela nge-4 kaFebruwari 2020). Kule nqanawa bangaphezu kwama-700 abantu abasulelwa sesi sifo kwaza kwasweleka abantu abali-14. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva (ngoMeyi 2, 2020), ngaphezulu kwe-40 yeenqanawa zokuhamba ngenqanawa zaziqinisekisile iimeko ezilungileyo ebhodini. Ukusukela ngoMeyi 15, 2020, iCarnival yabhalisa iimeko ze-MOST Covid19 (2,096) ezichaphazela abagibeli abayi-1,325 kunye nabasebenzi abangama-688 abakhokelela ekufeni kwabantu abangama-65. IRoyal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. inike ingxelo ngamatyala angama-614 awaziwayo (abakhweli abangama-248 abosulelekileyo kunye nabasebenzi abangama-351), nto leyo ekhokelele ekufeni kwabantu abali-10. https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/tourism-cruises/article241914096.html

Ixesha lamaGqwetha

Ukusukela nge-15 kaMeyi ka-2020, uTom Hals weReuters uxele ukuba, kumatyala angama-45 e-Covid19, abantu abangama-28 babephikisana ne-Princess Cruise Lines; 3 bezichasene nezinye iindlela zokuhamba ngenqanawa; Iinkampani ezi-2 zokwenza inyama; IWalmart Inc; Umqhubi om-1 wendawo yokuhlala; 2 amaziko ononophelo; Isibhedlele se-1 kunye neqela lamagqirha e-1.

Ngokuka-Spencer Aronfeld, igqwetha elinamatyala aliqela e-coronavirus, "Ukukhwela umgaqo wokuhamba ngenqanawa kwezi ntlobo zamatyala kunzima kakhulu," kuba imigca yokuhamba ngenqanawa ikonwabela ukhuseleko oluninzi: ayizizo iinkampani zase-US kwaye azikho phantsi kwemigaqo yezempilo nokhuseleko. njengoMthetho woKhuseleko eMsebenzini kunye neMpilo (i-OSHA) okanye abantu baseMelika abakhubazekileyo (ADA).

Akukho mntu uqinisekileyo ngendlela oqhubeka ngayo. Abantu baseRiphabhlikhi banomdla wokukhusela amashishini kwizimangalo zomthetho ngelixa iiDemokhrasi zijolise ekuhlanguleni. Ikhaka elinoxanduva lokukhusela ityala liya kukhusela amashishini kwizimangalo ezivela kubasebenzi nakubathengi abanokuthi ibango lokungakhathali kwenkampani lenze imeko efanelekileyo yokufumana isigulo. Ukuba iinkampani zinekhaka kunokubanika ukuzithemba kokuvula (becinga ukuba ishishini belingenatyala lokungakhathali, ukungakhathali okanye ukungaziphathi kakuhle ngabom); Nangona kunjalo, ukucima isoyikiso sobutyala kungabatyhafisa abathengi ekubuyeleni kwimizila yokuhamba ngenqanawa, iinqwelomoya, iihotele kunye neendawo zokufikela okanye ukuphinda baqale eminye imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Omnye wemiceli mngeni kubathengi nakubasebenzi kukubhala ngqo ukuba bayifumene njani intsholongwane (okt, kwizithuthi zikawonke-wonke ukuya / nokubuya emsebenzini, kwirali okanye kumboniso wasesitalatweni).

Ukufumana isiphoso

Iinkampani ezininzi (okt, iCarnival Corporation ingumnini weDayin Princess), zibhalisa iinqanawa zabo kumazwe anemithetho evumayo yabasebenzi. Ngelishwa abantu abavela kula mazwe badinga ingqesho kwaye indawo yokuhlala yabasebenzi beenqanawa zokuhamba ngenqanawa zithathwa njengezincinci kunqwenelekayo, inqanaba lokuhlawula liphantsi kwaye akukho khuseleko lomsebenzi lincinci - le miqathango eyandulelayo ayisosithintelo kwimfuno yabo umsebenzi, njengoko omnye ingqesho kunye netshekhi yokubhatala ingcono kunenye.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kukho umahluko phakathi kwabasebenzi kunye nabasebenzi. Amalungu asebenza kubandakanya ii-waiters, kunye nendawo yokucoca indawo yokulala kwi "B-deck" (ebekwe ngezantsi komgca wamanzi) kwaye inikezela ngesakhelo sendlela ye-bunk equlathe phakathi kwe-1-4 iibhedi zebhedi, isitulo, indawo encinci yeempahla kwaye mhlawumbi i-TV kunye nomnxeba. Indawo elandelayo kwinqanaba le-hierarchy ngabasebenzi abanokubandakanya ukonwabisa, abaphathi, abasebenzi basezivenkileni kunye namagosa kwaye babelwe amagumbi angatshatanga “kwi-A-deck,” ebekwe ngaphezulu komda wamanzi.

Abasebenzi kwinqanawa yokuhamba ngenqanawa basebenza iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki ngokusekwe kwisivumelwano esisebenza ngenani elichaziweyo leenyanga. Umsebenzi wekhitshi lokuphatha unokufumana i-1949 yeedola ngenyanga kwaye asebenze iiyure ezili-13 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki iinyanga ezi-6 (2017). Endaweni yokuphumla usuku lonke, abasebenzi basebenza kutshintsho olujikelezayo, ke bafumana ixesha suku ngalunye.

Izifo Zifumana Indawo Yazo Eonwabileyo

Indawo yokuhlala esondeleyo / yokutyela yabasebenzi, idityaniswe neshedyuli yomsebenzi, yenza imeko efanelekileyo yokusasazeka kwezifo. Kumanani amakhulu abantu abahlala nabasebenza kwiindawo ezincinci bongeza umlinganiso ophakamileyo wabakhweli abadala ukuba sesichengeni sokugula kunye noxinzelelo ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni olunokuthi lwenze ukuba izigulo ezikhoyo zibe mandundu kwaye imeko efanelekileyo yokusasazeka kwezifo yenziwe.

Ingxelo yeZiko loLawulo lweZifo (CDC) yafumanisa ukuba iqela labasebenzi kwiDiamond Princess elichaphazeleke kakhulu ngabasebenzi beenqanawa zokutya. Aba basebenzi babenxibelelana kakhulu nabakhweli, kunye nezixhobo kunye neepleyiti ababezisebenzisa. Kumalungu abasebenzi abali-1068 ababekhwele, inani labasebenzi abangama-20 bavavanywa benesifo seCovid19 kwaye kweli qela, abali-15 babengabasebenzi benkonzo yokutya. Lilonke, malunga neepesenti ezi-6 zabasebenzi beenqanawa abangama-245 beenkonzo zokutya abagulayo.

UGerardo Chowell, ingcali yezifo zemathematika evela kwiYunivesithi yaseGeorgia State (eAtlanta, eGeorgia) kunye noKenji Mizumoto, ugqirha wezifo osuka kwiYunivesithi yaseKyoto (eJapan) wafumanisa ukuba umhla wokuvalelwa wedwa kwaziswa ngenqanawa yeDiamond Princess, umntu omnye wosulelwa ngaphezulu kwabayi-7 kwaye ukusasazeka kwaququzelelwa ziindawo ezikufutshane kunye nendawo echukumisayo engcoliswe yintsholongwane); nangona kunjalo, nje ukuba abakhweli babekelwe bucala ukusasazeka kosulelo kuye kwehla kuye emntwini omnye.

Ingqondo yam yenziwe

Ngaphandle kwedatha, izilumkiso kunye nokusweleka, baninzi abathengi abangazukubuyiselwa kwikhefu leholide. Kutshanje wamkela abakhweli abangama-200 kuhambo lweentsuku ezili-12 kunxweme lwaseNorway. Aba bakhweli bebeyinxalenye yolwandle lokuqala ukwenzeka ukusukela oko ubhubhane wecoronavirus wothusa umzi mveliso kwaye wazisa ukuhamba ngenqanawa. Mhlawumbi iJografi inento yokwenza nesigqibo sokuhamba ngomkhumbi; uninzi lwabakhweli bebesuka eNorway naseDenmark apho inqanaba losulelo lihlala liphantsi kwaye izithintelo zimisiwe. Umgaqo wokuhamba ngenqanawa waseNorway, oqhutywa ngumgaqo obutofotofo weSeaDream, ushiye i-Oslo ngoJuni 20, 2020 kwaye imfuno yokubhukisha ibinkulu kangangokuba inkampani yongeza uhambo lwesibini kwakuloo mmandla.

UPaul Gauguin Cruises (umqhubi wePaul Gauguin eSouth Pacific) ucwangciselwe ukuphinda aqhubeke namava enqanawa encinci ngoJulayi 2020, ephumeza iProtokholi eKhuselekileyo ye-COVID. Inkampani ibanga ukuba ngenxa yobungakanani obuncinci beenqanawa, izibonelelo zonyango, iiprotocol kunye neqela elikhweleyo, benze indawo ekhuselekileyo yabakhweli. Iinkqubo kunye neenkqubo ziyilelwe ngentsebenziswano ne-Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) iMediterraneane Infection yaseMarseilles, iziko elikhokelayo kwicandelo lezifo ezosulelayo kunye neBataloni yamaLwandle oMlilo aseMarseille

Iiprotokholi zibandakanya:

• Ukubeka iliso kwabantu kunye neempahla ngaphambi kokubhoda.
• Ukulandela iinkqubo zokucoca ezicetyiswa ngamaZiko aseMelika okuLawula nokuThintela izifo (CDC) kunye noMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO).
• Imikhombandlela yokuphambuka ekuhlaleni.
• Phambi kokubhoda, iindwendwe kunye nabasebenzi kufuneka bangenise ifomu yezonyango esayiniweyo kunye nephepha lemibuzo eligcwalisiweyo lezempilo, benze uvavanyo lwezempilo kunye nokuvavanywa ngabasebenzi bezonyango benqanawa.
• Impahla yokubulala iintsholongwane kusetyenziswa inkungu yokucoca okanye izibane ze-UV.
• Utyando kunye nelaphu, iimaski, ukosula iintsholongwane kunye neebhotile zokucoca izandla.
• Iipesenti ezili-100 zomoya ococekileyo kwi-staterooms ngokungazibandakanyi iinkqubo ze-c kunye nomoya ohlaziyiweyo womoya ohlaziywayo kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo ubuncinci amaxesha ama-5 ngeyure.
• Iindawo zokutyela ezenziwe ngokutsha zinika unxibelelwano-ngaphantsi kweendlela zokutya ezinokutya.
• Izithuba zikawonkewonke ezifakwe kwiipesenti ezingama-50 zokuhlala.
• Iindawo zokuchukumisa eziphezulu (okt, izibambo zomnyango kunye neentsimbi zokubamba) zintsholongwane ngeyure nganye nge-EcoLab peroxide, isusa iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane kunye nokukhusela nxamnye nongcoliseko lwebhayoloji.
• Amalungu enxiba iimaski okanye i-visor ekhuselayo xa enxibelelana neendwendwe.
• Iindwendwe ziceliwe ukunxiba iimaski kwiipaseji zendlela kwaye zacetyiswa kwiindawo zikawonkewonke.
• Izixhobo zesibhedlele ebhodini zibandakanya iitheminali zaselabhoratri ezihambayo ezivumela ukuvavanywa kwindawo yezifo ezosulelayo okanye ezikweleenjiko.
• Izixhobo eziphambili zokuqonda isifo (i-ultrasound, i-radiology, kunye nohlalutyo lwebhayiloji yegazi) ziyafumaneka.
• Ugqirha kunye nomongikazi ebhodini kuyo yonke inqanawa.
• Zodiacs zibulawe iintsholongwane emva kokuma ngakunye.
• Ukukhwela kwakhona emva konxweme kuvunyelwe kuphela emva kokuba abakhweli bedlulile kuvavanyo lobushushu kwaye belandela iinkqubo zokubulala iintsholongwane.

Abaqhubi beenqanawa kwamanye amazwe (okt iFrance, iPortugal, i-USA) basazama ukumisela umhla wokuqalisa. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba xa iinkampani ziqala ngokutsha, ziya kugxila kuhambo olufutshane lwemilambo kwaye zithintele ukuwela imida yamazwe aphesheya apho kukho imigaqo entsonkothileyo kunye nehlala idida. Ukuthintelwa kokuhamba phakathi kwamazwe kuthetha ukuba uninzi lwabakhweli beenqanawa kulindeleke ukuba babe ngabakhenkethi basekhaya.

Ukuya Phambili. Yonke into ekufuneka yenziwe yimigca yokuhamba ngenqanawa

Umbutho weHlabathi wamaXhoba oLwandle ucebisa ukuba:

1. Qasha ugqirha osisifo ngezifo ngenqanawa nganye yokuhamba ngenqanawa kwizikhephe ukufumanisa ngokwesayensi uhlobo kunye nemvelaphi yesifo esosulelayo. Ingcali kuya kufuneka ifake ingxelo kwi-CDC kwaye yenziwe ifumaneke kuluntu kwiwebhusayithi yeCDC.
2. ICongress kufuneka ifune imigca yokuhamba ngenqanawa ukuya:
3. Misa elinye ixesha lokuhamba ngenqanawa emva kokuqhambuka kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lwesifo ngaphandle kwexesha elifanelekileyo phakathi kwenqanawa yokucoceka kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane.
4. Bhatala abasebenzi abagulayo xa begula.
5. Vumela abakhweli ukuba bayirhoxise / bayihlelele kwakhona inqanawa ngaphandle kwesohlwayo xa bexhalabile ngempilo yabo.
6. Yiba selubala kwaye uxele, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, xa inqanawa ikhe yafumana isifo, ngaphambi kokukhwela kwabahambi.
7. Ukuseka imigaqo-nkqubo ecacileyo malunga nabakhweli kunye namalungu abasebenzi xa kukho izifo ezifuna ukubekwa bodwa.
8. Yamkela imigaqo ecacileyo neyifanayo ekhusela abasebenzi kwizifo ezosulelayo kwaye ubonelele ngezixhobo zokhuselo lomntu (PPE) kubandakanya iimaski, iiglasi kunye neiglavu.

Ngaba kufuneka uhlale okanye kufuneka uye

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuhamba ngenqanawa, ukufumanisa ukuba umvuzo mkhulu kunomngcipheko, kukho amanyathelo ambalwa abakhweli anokuwathatha ukuze bakwazi ukulawula impilo yabo:

1. Ngaphambi kokwenza ukugcinwa kwenqanawa ngenqanawa ndwendwela iwebhusayithi www.cdc.gov/nceh/vsp/default.htm kwaye ujonge amanqaku ovavanyo wenqanawa. Amanqaku angama-85 okanye asezantsi akamkelekanga.
2. Hlaziya imeko yokugonywa, kubandakanya umkhuhlane, ukubola komqala, isifo sephepha, ugonyo lwe-tetanus, kunye ne-varicella (ukuba khange sibenesifo).
3. Fumana ugonyo kwizifo ezithwala ukutya ezifana ne-typhoid kunye ne-hepatitis.
4. Bonke abantwana abahamba nabantu abadala kufuneka babe nogonyo lwemasisi.
5. Yiza nesakho isibulali-ntsholongwane (okt. I-handi-wipes, isitshizi sokubulala iintsholongwane, isicoci sezandla) kwaye wosule yonke into (imithwalo, iibhothi zomnyango, ifenitshala, izinto ezilungiselelwe oko, iimpompo, izinto zokuxhoma ikhabhathi… yonke into).
6. Gwema ukuchukumisa i-banisters kunye neentsimbi zokubamba. Sebenzisa iiglavu zokulahla okanye isicwili ukwahlula iminwe yakho kuzo zonke izixhobo.
7. Musa ukuxhawula mntu.
8. Sela amanzi amaninzi - hlala unkcenkceshelwe.
9. Xa usiva igama elithi "Khowudi Ebomvu" inqanawe iya kuthi xhaxhe (isenokubangelwa kukubhaqeka kwe-norovirus okanye esinye isifo esosulelayo). Ngeli xesha iingcango zoluntu ziya kuhlala zivulekile; konke ukutya kuya kunikwa (akukho buffet okanye izinto ekwabelwana ngazo); jonga abasebenzi abacoca kakhulu kwaye babulale iintsholongwane kwiindawo zikawonkewonke nakwiipaseji.
10. Abaphathi beenqanawa zokuhamba ngenqanawa kufuneka bacebise abakhweli malunga nemingcipheko kunye neempawu zezifo zesisu kunye nosulelo lokuphefumla kwaye iimpawu kufuneka zixelwe kwiziko lezonyango leenqanawa nje ukuba bagule.
11. Abaphathi kufuneka babazise abakhweli ngokubaluleka kokuvalelwa bodwa ukuba bayagula (ukuhlala kumagumbi abo ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwesifo kwabanye abakhweli).

Ujika phi

Imigca yokuhamba ngeenqanawa isebenza kwindawo entsonkothileyo. Akukho rhulumente okanye iiarhente zamanye amazwe zolawulo zilandelela izehlo ze-COVID-19 ezinonxibelelwano lokuhamba ngenqanawa (ngolwazi olufumanekayo eluntwini). Idatha echanekileyo kufuneka ifumaneke kwaye kwabelwane ngayo nabathengi, abalawuli, izazinzulu / abaphandi kunye neengcali zokhathalelo lwempilo ukuze kubekho uvavanyo olusemthethweni lobungozi obunxulumene nokuhamba ngenqanawa. NgokukaGqirha Roderick King, uCEO weFlorida Institute for Health Innovation, “Xa kufikwa kubhubhane, konke kubalwa.”

ISebe lezoThutho laseMelika linokuba luncedo. IKhomishini yaseFederal Maritime Commission (FMC) ifuna abaqhubi beenqanawa ezithwala abakhweli abangama-50 + kwizibuko laseMelika ukuba babenako ukubuyisela imali kwiindwendwe zabo ukuba inqanawa irhoxisiwe. I-FMC ikwafuna ubungqina bokukwazi ukuhlawula amabango ngenxa yokwenzakala kwabahambi okanye ukusweleka anokuthi abe noxanduva lomqhubi wenqanawa. Ukuba uhambo lokuhamba ngenqanawa lurhoxisiwe okanye kukho umonzakalo ngexesha lokuhamba ngenqanawa, umboleki kufuneka aqalise inyathelo (fmc.gov).

I-US Coast Guard inoxanduva lokukhuselwa kwenqanawa kunye nenqanawa ehamba emanzini ase-US kufuneka ihlangane nemigangatho yase-US yokukhusela umlilo, ukucima umlilo kunye nezixhobo ezisindisa ubomi, ukuthembeka kwenqanawa, ukulawulwa kwenqanawa, ukhuseleko lokuhamba ngenqanawa, ubuchule bokusebenza kunye nabasebenzi, ulawulo lokhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo esingqongileyo. .

UMthetho woKhuseleko lweZikhephe kunye noKhuseleko (2010), umisela iimfuno zokhuseleko kunye nezokhuseleko kwiinqanawa ezininzi zokuhamba ngenqanawa ezifika zehle eMelika. Umthetho ugunyazisa ukuba iingxelo zezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho zixelwe kwi-FBI.

Iinqanawa zokuhamba ngenqanawa ziyafuneka (46 USC 3507 / c / 1) ukufumana isikhokelo sokhuseleko kubahambi. Esi sikhokelo sinika ulwazi olubandakanya inkcazo yabasebenzi bezonyango nezokhuseleko abatyunjelwe ebhodini ukuthintela nokuphendula kwiimeko zolwaphulo-mthetho nezonyango kunye neenkqubo zokunyanzeliswa komthetho ezikhoyo malunga nolwaphulo mthetho.

Isicwangciso okanye isithembiso

I-Cruise Line International Association (i-CLIA), umbutho oxhasa umbutho wezorhwebo, ubanga ukuba eli shishini lilandela i-CDC egunyazisa ukumiswa kohambo ngenqanawa ukuze kuphuhliswe iinkqubo eziza kubonelela ngemigangatho engqingqwa yokubhoda kunye nokuhlolwa kwabahambi, ukuhamba kude ebhodini, kunye nokutsha Iinkonzo zokutya. Kukho amathuba okongezwa kumaqela ezonyango kunye nococeko kwinqanaba lesibhedlele.

Ukuba kwaye xa uthatha isigqibo sokwenza ukubhukishwa komgaqo wokuhamba ngenqanawa, umnxeba olandelayo kufuneka ube kwi-inshurensi ukumisela owona mgaqo-nkqubo ungcono oza kugubungela nantoni na nayo yonke into ukusuka kumlenze owaphukileyo ukuya kwi-COVID-19. Abanye iingcali zeshishini bacebisa umgaqo-nkqubo othi "Rhoxisa nangasiphi na isizathu". Olu luphuculo lokukhetha olunokubabuyisela abahambi iipesenti ezingama-75 zeendleko zabo zohambo kwaye kuphela kwendlela evumela abahambi ukuba balurhoxise uhambo lwabo nangasiphi na isizathu esingagutyungelwanga ngumgaqo-nkqubo oqhelekileyo, kubandakanya ukuvalwa kukhenketho okanye uloyiko lokuhamba ngenxa yecoronavirus.

© UGqirha Elinor Garely. Inqaku lelungelo lokushicilela, kubandakanya iifoto, alinakuphinda liveliswe ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo evela kumbhali.

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