Unjingalwazi odumileyo waseJamani uNjingalwazi Bernhard Grzimek kunye nonyana wakhe uMichael benze inkqubela phambili kulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle eTanzania, bavelisa uxwebhu lwefilimu kunye nencwadi eyaziwayo enesihloko esithi 'Serengeti Shall Not Die' kwiminyaka engama-60 eyadlulayo.
Kwifilimu yakhe kunye nencwadi, uNjingalwazi Grzimek wavula indawo yabakhenkethi eTanzania naseMpuma Afrika, uninzi lwayo lusisiseko sezilwanyana zasendle, etsala amakhulu amawaka abakhenkethi abasuka kuzo zonke iimbombo zomhlaba batyelele inxenye yeAfrika ngenzululwazi yezilwanyana zasendle.
UNjingalwazi Grzimek uphonononge kwaye wabeka umda kwimida ekhoyo yeSerengeti National Park kunye neNgorongoro Conservation Area njengoko sisazi namhlanje. Emva koko wasebenzisana norhulumente wase-Bhritane kwaye kamva noRhulumente wase Tanzania wagcina izilwanyana zasendle kwezi paki zimbini zasendle zidumileyo.
Ukuma njengemagnethi yabakhenkethi, iipaki zezilwanyana zasendle zaseTanzania, phantsi kolawulo kunye nokuthenjwa kweTanzania National Parks (TANAPA), zime njengeyona ndawo ekhokelayo kubakhenkethi eTanzania naseMpuma Afrika.
I-TANAPA iza kubhiyozela iminyaka engama-60 ikhona kwinyanga ezayo kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo zabakhenkethi zokufaka imibala kumsitho.
Umkomishinala woLondolozo lwePaki kuzwelonke uGqirha Allan Kijazi uthe isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-60 yale parks siza kusetyenziswa ukukhuthaza ukhenketho lwasekhaya kunye nolondolozo.
Uthe iSerengeti National Park, ephumelele amabhaso aliqela okhenketho nolondolozo lwehlabathi, yindawo yelifa lemveli kunye nommangaliso wendalo kwihlabathi liphela, esithi isengowona mndilili wabakhenkethi ophambili kwiminyaka engama-60 yeePaka zeSizwe.
Ukufuduka kwamarhamncwa ngonyaka kubandakanya izilwanyana ezingaphezu kwesigidi sisiganeko sobomi bonke abakhenkethi abatyelele le paki abangathandi ukusiphosa.
Ummiselo weeTanganyika National Parks Ordinance yowe-1959 wamisela umbutho ngoku owaziwa ngokuba yiTanzania National Parks (TANAPA), kwaye iSerengeti yaba yiPaki yeSizwe yokuqala. Okwangoku i-TANAPA ilawulwa nguMmiselo weePaki zeSizwe Isahluko 282 sohlelo oluhlaziyiweyo luka-2002 lweMithetho yeRiphabhlikhi yase-Tanzania.
Ulondolozo lwendalo eTanzania lulawulwa nguMthetho wokuLondolozwa kweZilwanyana zasendle ka-1974, ovumela urhulumente ukuba aseke iindawo ezikhuselweyo, kwaye achaze nendlela eziza kulungiswa kwaye zilawulwe ngayo.
IiPaki zeSizwe zimele elona nqanaba liphezulu lokhuseleko olunokubakho. Namhlanje i-TANAPA ibikhule ngeepaki zesizwe ezili-16, ezigubungela malunga ne-57,024 yeekhilomitha.
UMongameli wokuQala kaMongameli waseTanzania uJulius Nyerere, wabhengeza ngabom isidingo sokuseka iipaki zezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokuphuhlisa indawo yabakhenkethi kuzwelonke, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba ukhenketho phantsi kwamagunya aseBritane obukoloniyali ngokusisiseko lwaluthetha ukuzingela amateur ngaphezulu kweefoto zesafaris.
Ngo-Septemba, ngo-1961, kwiinyanga nje ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba i-Tanzania ifumane inkululeko esuka e-Bhritane, u-Nyerere kunye namagosa aphezulu ezopolitiko badibana kwisimpoziyam malunga 'nokuLondolozwa kweNdalo kunye neMithombo yeNdalo ukuxhasa uxwebhu malunga nokukhuselwa kwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nolondolozo eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Arusha Manifesto ”.
Imanifesto ukusukela ngoko yaba ligama elibalulekileyo lolondolozo lwendalo kule nxalenye yeAfrika.
Ngophuhliso lwezokhenketho, i-TANAPA ixhasa iiprojekthi zoluntu kwiilali ezikufutshane neepaki zesizwe ngenkqubo yoXanduva lweNtlalo yoLuntu (SCR) eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Ujirani Mwema" okanye "Ubumelwane Obuhle."
Inyathelo elithi “Ujirani Mwema” lalibonakalise imeko entle, lizisa uxolelwaniso phakathi kwabantu nezilwanyana zasendle.
Ngoku, abantu ezilalini bayakuqonda ukubaluleka kwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokhenketho ebomini babo.
Iipaki zikazwelonke zigcine ngempumelelo ukhuphiswano ngaphezu kwezinye iindawo zabakhenkethi ezongeza ixabiso kwiindawo zokhenketho ngaphandle kweepaki.
Iipaki zezilwanyana zasendle ziye zaba yeyona ndawo iphambili yokuthengisa abakhenkethi eTanzania, kwaye oku kuye kwenza ukhenketho laba licandelo elibalulekileyo kuqoqosho kuphuhliso lwaseTanzania.
Impumelelo kulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle ibeke isiseko esiluqilima sokucinga ngokutsha nokubekwa ngokutsha kolawulo lweepaki zesizwe kunye nabaphathiswa kwimephu yendlela yomhlaba kulondolozo lwendalo.
