IPhilippines: imilinganiselo yokuhlawulwa kweerhafu ayiyi kuba nefuthe kwiinqwelo-moya zangaphandle

MANILA, Philippines (etN) - Balwa ngokukrakra ngexesha leminyaka emininzi ukuze babone ukuba ichithwe. Kwi-1998, urhulumente wasePhilippines wazisa isethi entsha yerhafu ecalucalulo kakhulu: abathwali bamazwe angaphandle kufuneka bahlawule i-3% "yerhafu ye-carrier carrier" kwi-avareji yeengeniso zabo kwaye bahlawule enye i-2.5% yerhafu ye-Philippine billings tax (GPBT). I-2.5% yerhafu ithathwa kuyo nayiphi na ingeniso kunye nabakhweli abavela kwiiPhilippines ngenqwelomoya engaphazamisekiyo. Zonke ezi rhafu zingeniswa ngoku kwi-VAT eyi-12%. Iinqanawa zamazwe angaphandle kunye neendlela zokuhamba ngenqanawa nazo ziphantsi kwerhafu efanayo.

Kubekho uqhanqalazo kule minyaka yakutsha nje njengoko abathwali bendawo bekhululiwe kulo. Irhafu yakwiiPhilippines kuthutho lomoya akukho mthethweni naxa kuqwalaselwa izivumelwano zorhwebo zamazwe ngamazwe. I-International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), emisela imithetho nemigaqo esebenzayo kuthutho lwenqwelomoya, ibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba izithuthi zomoya zamazwe ngamazwe AKUHLANGANISWA rhafu – ngakumbi i-VAT – kwaye akukho mahluko kunyango phakathi kwabathwali basekhaya nabamazwe ngamazwe. ukukhonza kwindawo enye. Irhafu izisa ngaphezulu kwe-US75 yezigidi zeedola ngonyaka kwingxowa karhulumente.

IiPhilippines zihambisa iintlawulo ezingakumbi kwiinqwelomoya zangaphandle sele zineziphumo ezibi kwindawo ekuyiwa kuyo. Ngokuqala ukusebenza kwerhafu, umgaqo wocalucalulo ujike waba sisithintelo esikhulu kubathwali baphesheya kolwandle ukuba babhabhe baye kwiiPhilippines. Ukuqhuba iinqwelomoya ezihamba ixesha elide kunye namaxabiso amatikiti aphezulu, banyanzeliswa ukuba "bakhuphe" iirhafu eziphezulu kwiingeniso ezipheleleyo. Ukusukela kwiminyaka yamashumi alithoba, iinqwelomoya ezininzi zaphuma eManila kubandakanya iAeroflot, iAlitalia, iAir France, iBritish Airways, iEgypt Air, iLufthansa, iPakistan Airlines, kunye neVietnam Airlines.

Ngexesha leengxoxo kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakhe luka-2011 kwiNdlu yabaMeli kunyaka ophelileyo, uNobhala wezoKhenketho u-Alberto Lim wavuma ukuba ukusebenza kakubi kwabakhenkethi abafika kumazwe ngamazwe kunokubalelwa kwiRhafu yeRhafu yeCarriers, iRhafu yeRhafu ye-Gross Philippine Billing, kunye neentlawulo zexesha elongezelelekileyo. “Sikuphela kwelizwe ehlabathini elisebenzisa le nkqubo. Oku kunyanzela iinqwelomoya zaseMelika naseYurophu ukuba zirhoxise iinqwelomoya zazo, kuba zifumene amathuba angcono kwamanye amazwe, utshilo uNobhala wezoKhenketho. I-KLM sele isoyikise amaxesha amaninzi ukuba irhoxe kwiiPhilippines ukuba akukho nto itshintshileyo. Umthwali nguye yedwa namhlanje onikezela ngeenqwelomoya eziya ngqo eYurophu.

NgoJanuwari ophelileyo, i-European Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines (ECCP) yacela urhulumente ukuba ayeke irhafu "enzima", ephikisa ukuba iinqwelomoya ezininzi ezivela eYurophu ziya kucinga ngokubhabha kwiiPhilippines, eziza kuxhasa iinkqubo zikarhulumente zokwandisa abakhenkethi abafikayo. . Kodwa ukuvumelana kukarhulumente malunga nerhafu, okugqithiswe ekupheleni kweveki ephelileyo, akunakutshintsha nto kwixeshana elifutshane. Imithetho emitsha iya kuvumela iinqwelomoya zangaphandle ukubala irhafu yazo ye-3% kwiibhilidi, umlinganiselo oya kubanceda ukuba badlulisele iindleko ezongezelelweyo kubakhweli.

Abathwali bamazwe angaphandle abakhonza kwiiPhilippines sele beqhankqalaza ukuba umlinganiselo awusombululi isikhalazo sabo: ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kwerhafu ecalulayo kwiinkampani zangaphandle okanye ukwandiswa kwayo kubathwali bendawo. UJohn D. Forbes, usihlalo wekomiti yowiso-mthetho ye-AmCham yeQumrhu lezoRhwebo laseMelika kwiiPhilippines (i-AmCham), wabonisa kumyalezo ukuba inyathelo likarhulumente “laliyiphosa ingongoma kwaye liqhubela phambili ibala lokudlala elingenamphakamo phakathi kwePhilippines nabathwali bamazwe angaphandle. Esi sigqibo asizukunceda ukhenketho kwaye kubonakala ngathi singatyhafisa inkonzo entsha yeenqwelomoya elizweni ngokurhafisa abakhweli bazo ngokuthe ngqo,” ucacise watsho.

Uninzi lweenqwelomoya zangaphandle zixhasa ukukhuthaza iiPhilippines kwilinge lokunyusa inani elipheleleyo lezihlalo elizweni kwaye ngenxa yoko zizise abakhenkethi abaninzi. Kudliwano-ndlebe lwakutsha nje, uSteven Crowdey weDelta Airlines wagxininisa ukuba iiPhilippines yayikuphela kwelizwe kulo mmandla ukujonga ukumisela irhafu engakumbi kubathuthi bomoya. "Kumazwe angabamelwane, izikhululo zeenqwelo moya kunye neearhente zihlala zinika inkuthazo kubathwali benqwelomoya," utshilo.

Ibala kuphononongo lwe-IATA malunga nokupheliswa kwerhafu, i-ECCP igxininise ukuba kunyaka wokuqala wokupheliswa komnikelo werhafu kwiinkampani zeenqwelomoya zangaphandle, iintshukumo zizonke zamazwe ngamazwe zinokunyuka ngama-230,000 abakhweli, zinyuke nge-2%. Ekugqibeleni iya kukhokelela kwingeniso enokubakho ye-US$38 ukuya kwi-US$78 yezigidi kuqoqosho lwePhilippines. Iingeniso zokhenketho ezingathanga ngqo zinokubonisa inzuzo engaphezulu kwe-US$200 yezigidi zelizwe kwaye incede ukudala imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo engama-70,000 kwiinkonzo. Inye into, nangona kunjalo, eqinisekileyo: ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okuhlawula irhafu ngokuqinisekileyo akuyi kuzisa abakhenkethi abaninzi kwilizwe.