Ukuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunokuba ngumngeni, ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci abangakwaziyo ukuzalisa imibuzo okanye izikali zokukala. Lo mceli mngeni unzima kakhulu kubantu abambalwa abangafundanga. Uphando oludlulileyo lwe-genomic lufumene imiqondiso emininzi ye-genomic yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okwahlukeneyo, kwaye ezinye zisebenza njengeethagethi ezinokubakho kunyango. Ii-algorithms zokufunda nzulu ziye zasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga ngempumelelo izifo ezintsonkothileyo ezifana ne-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Nangona kunjalo, ezi zixhobo azifane zisetyenziswe kubantu abaninzi abaguli base-Afrika baseMelika.
Kuphononongo olulodwa, abaphandi bavelise idatha epheleleyo yolandelelwano lwe-genome kwiisampulu zegazi zesigulana ezingama-4,179 zabaguli base-Afrika baseMelika, kubandakanya ne-1,384 yezigulane ezafunyaniswa ukuba zinokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okukodwa. , i-autism spectrum disorder, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kwentetho / ulwimi, ukulibaziseka kuphuhliso kunye ne-oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Injongo yexesha elide yalo msebenzi kukufunda ngakumbi malunga nemingcipheko ethile yokuphuhliswa kwezifo ezithile kubantu base-Afrika baseMelika kunye nendlela yokuphucula iziphumo zempilo ngokugxila kwiindlela zomntu zonyango.
"Uninzi lwezifundo zijolise kuphela kwisifo esinye, kwaye abantu abambalwa baye babonakaliswa ngaphantsi kakhulu kwizifundo ezikhoyo ezisebenzisa umatshini wokufunda ukufunda ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo," watsho umbhali ophezulu uHakon Hakonarson, MD, PhD, uMlawuli weZiko le-Genomics eSetyenzisiweyo kwi-CHOP. . "Besifuna ukuvavanya le modeli yokufunda inzulu kubemi base-Afrika baseMelika ukubona ukuba ingabahlula ngokuchanekileyo na abaguli abanengxaki yengqondo kulawulo olusempilweni, nokuba singabhala ngokuchanekileyo iintlobo zokuphazamiseka, ngakumbi kwizigulana ezinokuphazamiseka okuninzi."
I-algorithm yokufunda enzulu ijonge umthwalo wezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-genomic kwiikhowudi kunye neengingqi ezingezizo iikhowudi ze-genome. Imodeli ibonise ukuchaneka okungaphezulu kwe-70% ekwahluleni izigulane ezinokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwiqela lolawulo. I-algorithm yokufunda enzulu yayisebenza ngokulinganayo ekuxilongeni izigulane ezineengxaki ezininzi, kunye nemodeli ebonelela ngokuthe ngqo ukuxilonga malunga ne-10% yamatyala.
Imodeli iphinde ichonge ngempumelelo imimandla emininzi ye-genomic etyetyiswe kakhulu ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, okuthetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ekuphuhliseni ezi ngxaki zonyango. Iindlela zebhayoloji ezibandakanyekayo zibandakanya ezihambelana neempendulo ze-immune, i-antigen kunye ne-nucleic acid ebophelelayo, indlela yokubonisa i-chemokine, kunye ne-guanine nucleotide-binding protein receptors. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ukwahluka kwimimandla engakhange ikhowudi kwiiprotheyini kubonakala ngathi kuyachaphazeleka kolu kuphazamiseka ngamaxesha amaninzi, okuthetha ukuba banokusebenza njengezinye iimpawu.
"Ngokuchonga ukuhlukahluka kofuzo kunye neendlela ezinxulumene nazo, uphando lwexesha elizayo olujoliswe ekuboniseni umsebenzi wabo lunokubonelela ngengqiqo yobuchwephesha malunga nokuba ezi ngxaki zikhula njani," kusho uHakonarson.
Olu phando luxhaswe yiNgxowa-mali yoPhuhliso lweZiko ukusuka kwi-CHOP ukuya kwiZiko le-Genomics eSetyenzisiweyo kunye neSibhedlele saBantwana saseFiladelphia esinikwe uSihlalo woPhando lweGenomic.
INTO ONOKUYITHATHA KWELI NQAKU:
- In a unique study, the researchers generated whole genome sequencing data from 4,179 patient blood samples of African American patients, including 1,384 patients who had been diagnosed with at least one mental disorder This study focused on eight common mental disorders, including ADHD, depression, anxiety, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disabilities, speech/language disorder, delays in developments and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).
- “We wanted to test this deep learning model in an African American population to see whether it could accurately differentiate mental disorder patients from healthy controls, and whether we could correctly label the types of disorders, especially in patients with multiple disorders.
- The long-term goal of this work is to learn more about specific risks for developing certain diseases in African American populations and how to potentially improve health outcomes by focusing on more personalized approaches to treatment.
