Amazwe amaninzi anobungozi kwizifo zabakhenkethi baseMelika abathiywa

Uphando luveze ukuba ngawaphi amazwe abeka isoyikiso esikhulu kubahambi baseMelika kwizifo.

Idatha1 evela I-World Health Organization (WHO) ibonisa awona mazwe mabi kwizifo, kunye neendawo ezininzi ezityhilekileyo kwihlabathi liphela kunye nesoyikiso Covid-19.

Isifundo, Ingqumbo Yezifo, singena kwiminyaka engama-24 nangaphezulu kokuqhambuka kwezifo ezingama-2,800 ukuveza ezona zifo zixhaphakileyo kunye namazwe abeka izoyikiso ezinkulu.

Amazwe aMngcipheko oPhezulu

Idatha ibonisa ukuba amazwe amathandathu aphezulu kwi-10 anelona nani liphezulu lokuqhambuka ase-Afrika, ngokudibana okungu-1,060 okwenzeka kwilizwekazi kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu idlulileyo.

I-WHO ichaza ukuqhambuka njengokubakho kwamatyala esi sifo ngaphezulu kokulindeleka kwesiqhelo okubangelwa lusulelo, kusasazwa ngonxibelelwano lomntu ukuya emntwini, ukunxibelelana kwezilwanyana nomntu, okanye okusingqongileyo okanye eminye imithombo yeendaba2.

Ilizwe elinomngcipheko omkhulu yiDemocratic Republic of Congo, enezifo ezingama-242 ezirekhodiweyo kwisizwe sase-Afrika ukusukela ngo-1996. Kuyo yonke i-2020, kunye nokujongana nesoyikiso se-Covid-19, i-DR Congo ilwe amatyala ayi-110 e-Ebola akhokelele Ukufa kwabantu abangama-47. 

I-China, eyabika okokuqala nge-Covid-19, yabona ukuqhambuka kwe-184 kule minyaka ingama-24 idlulileyo, kwalandela i-Indonesia (uqhushumbo olungu-147), i-Egypt (114), kunye ne-Uganda (uqhambuko olungama-77) nawo enza amazwe amahlanu aphezulu.

Kwinqanaba lesibhozo, i-US ibinama-52 aqhamkile ukusukela ngo-1996, nangogqabhuko oluninzi oluxeliweyo kunamazwe angabamelwane, Canada (21 uqhambuko) kunye neMexico (9 uqhambuko).

Uluhlu lwamazwe anobungozi:

Idatha ikwabonisa ukuba kukho amazwe angama-26 athe aqhambuka kuphela kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu idlulileyo kunye neCaribbean njengeyona ndawo ikhuselekileyo emhlabeni.

Iindawo ezintandathu zobunewunewu zaseBarbados, eSaint Vincent naseGrenadines, eSt Lucia, eSt Martin, eSuriname, eTrinidad naseTobago zibone kuphela esinye isifo sisuka ku1996.

Ukuqhambuka Okuphindaphindayo Kwelizwe

Ngelixa uqhambuko e-US lubekwa njengolunye lwezona zixhaphakileyo kwihlabathi, ngombulelo ezinye zezifo ezixhaphakileyo nezibulalayo azifane zifumaneke eMelika nakumazwe angabamelwane.

Kuwo wonke umhlaba, olona qhambuko luqhelekileyo kule minyaka ingama-24 idlulileyo ibingumkhuhlane weAvian obone ukuqhamka kwama-607. Oku kulandelwa sisifo sokuphefumla eMiddle East (MERs) ngoqhambuko lwama-298, i-Ebola (295), iCholera (279), kunye noMkhuhlane oMthubi (167).

Ukuqhambuka okuqhelekileyo e-US

Uphando lukwabonelela ngoqhekeko apho uqhambuko lube lolona lubalulekileyo e-US kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu.

I-Anthrax iyeyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwilizwe lonke eneziganeko ezili-16 ezibhalisiweyo, i-US ixele uqhambuko ngo-2001 olukhokelele ekufeni kwabantu abahlanu phakathi kwamatyala angama-23. I-anthrax sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane (Bacillus anthracis) kwaye abantu banokugula nge-anthrax emva kokudibana nezilwanyana okanye le mveliso inezintsholongwane. Ikwanxulunyaniswa nezenzo ze-bioterrorism ngeposi engcolileyo.

Isifo sesibini esixhaphakileyo sisifo seNayile saseNtshona esibonile ukugqabhuka kwe-11 kwilizwe liphela kwaye, ngo-2002, sasinoxanduva lokufa kwabantu abangama-211 ngamatyala angama-3,587 39 kumazwe angama-3. Oku kulandelwa yi-Swine Flu ngokuqhambuka kane, iZika Virus (2), kunye neSt Louis Encephalitis (XNUMX).

Izizathu ezibalulekileyo zokuqaphela oku kuqhambuka kwehlabathi kubandakanya ukutshintsha kwemozulu, umzekelo, imozulu eyoyikisayo enjengezaqhwithi kunye nezikhukula zihlala zilandelwa kukwanda kwezifo ezosulelayo. 

Ukuqhambuka kwesifo sorhudo kunye nezifo zokuphefumla zinokwenzeka xa ukufikelela kumanzi acocekileyo kunye neenkqubo zogutyulo kuphazamiseka kwaye abantu bahlala kwiimeko ezixineneyo. 

Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunokwandisa ukusasazeka kwezifo ezithwala imithambo njengemalariya, idengue, iZika, kunye ne-yellow fever. Eminye imiba enje ngokufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini, ukukhula kwabemi kunye nokonyuka kokunganyangeki kwintsholongwane kuya kuba nefuthe ekuqhambukeni kwesifo.

Iindawo ezithile zehlabathi nazo zikhula ngokukhawuleza. Umzekelo, inani labemi be-Afrika esemaZantsi eSahara, umzekelo, liyonyuka ngezinga le-2.65% ngonyaka-ngaphezulu kokuphindwe kabini kwelona nani liphezulu lokukhula kwabemi okufunyanwa ngamazwe anengeniso ephezulu ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1950.

Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwabantu kunokunyusa umngcipheko wosulelo ngenxa yococeko olubi, uxinizelelo oluphezulu lwabemi kunye nokufikelela kukhathalelo lwempilo.

Kunzima kakhulu ukuqikelela, nangona kunjalo kusenokwenzeka ukuba izifo ezitsha ziya kuqhubeka ukuvela. Owona mceli mngeni mkhulu kunokuba kukuqikelela usulelo olutsha olulandelayo kunye nobunzima bokuqulatha ukusasazeka kwezi zifo.