Nangona iinkampani ezininzi zaseJapan ziye zahamba emhlabeni jikelele kwiminyaka, zenza iinkampani ezifana neToyota, i-Sony kunye neCanon amagama emizi kuzo zonke iikona zehlabathi, imboni yezempilo yaseJapan igxininise kakhulu kwiimarike zasekhaya kwaye sele ikhuselwe ixesha elide kwingcinezelo yokutshintsha.
Uninzi lwezibhedlele zaseJapan azinabuhlobo kakhulu kubantu basemzini. Banoogqirha abambalwa okanye abasebenzi abathetha iilwimi zasemzini. Kwaye ezinye zezenzo zabo, eziquka "ukudibana kwemizuzu emithathu emva kokulinda iiyure ezintathu" zishiya abaguli bangaphandle beguqukile. Iinkqubo zonyango zihlala zibonakala zisekelwe ngaphantsi kwenzululwazi kunokuthanda kukagqirha.
Kodwa utshintsho luza kwenzeka. Njengoko uninzi lwezibhedlele zaseJapan zizabalazela ukuphila, umdla “kubakhenkethi bezonyango” abasuka phesheya uyakhula. Kwaye oko kunokunceda ezinye izibhedlele ukuba zibe zezamazwe ngamazwe kwaye zikwazi ukumelana neemfuno zabaguli bangaphandle, iingcali zithi.
UGqr. Shigekoto Kaihara, usekela mongameli we-International University of Health and Welfare yaseTokyo wathi: “Ukuba uya kwizibhedlele zaseThailand naseSingapore, uya kumangaliswa kukubona indlela izibhedlele eziye zaphuculwa ngayo nezamazwe ngamazwe. “Banedesika yolwamkelo lweelwimi ezininzi, kunye namacandelo apho banokulungisa khona imiba yee-visa zabatyeleli.”
Ukhenketho lwezonyango lukhula ngokukhawuleza kwihlabathi jikelele, kwaye e-Asia, eSingapore, eThailand naseIndiya ziye zavela njengeendawo eziphambili zezigulane ezivela e-US naseBritani, apho iindleko zabo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo eziphakamileyo ziye zaqhuba abantu abaninzi ukuba bafune iindlela zonyango ngaphandle kolwandle.
Ngokutsho kwe-Washington-based Deloitte Centre ye-Health Solutions, kuqikelelwa ukuba i-750,000 yaseMelika yahamba ngaphandle kwezonyango ngo-2007. Eli nani liqikelelwa ukuba linyuke ukuya kwi-6 yezigidi ngo-2010. Abanini-inshurensi abaninzi base-US, befuna ukunciphisa iindleko zonyango, baye bangena kwi-tieups. nezibhedlele zaseIndiya, eThailand naseMexico, iziko lathi kwingxelo.
Nangona ukhenketho lwezonyango luselusana eJapan kwaye kungekho manani asemthethweni malunga nokuba bangaphi abantu basemzini abeza apha ukuze bafumane unyango, kukho imiqondiso yokuba urhulumente uya ezimisele ngokutsala ngakumbi ngethemba lokwenza izibhedlele zikhuphisane ngakumbi kumazwe angaphandle kwaye kube lula kubantu basemzini. ukutyelela kwaye uhlale eJapan.
Isebe lezoQoqosho, uRhwebo noShishino likhuphe imigaqo yezibhedlele ngoJulayi ngendlela yokutsala abakhenkethi abanjalo, liphawula ukuba iJapan izidla ngokuba nenkathalo yezempilo “eyongayo” kunye nobugcisa bezonyango obuhambele phambili.
"Ngokuzisa inkcubeko yezempilo yaseJapan kunye nenkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo ephantsi, iJapan inokwenza igalelo kwihlabathi kwiindawo ezingaphandle kwemveliso, kwaye inokunyusa amashishini anxulumeneyo ekhaya," zitsho izikhokelo.
I-METI kungekudala iza kusungula inkqubo yokulinga apho iimanyano ezimbini, ezenziwe zizibhedlele, abakhenkethi, abaguquleli kunye namanye amashishini, baqala ukwamkela izigulane ezivela phesheya.
Ngaphantsi kwenkqubo, abahambi be-20 baphesheya baya kuziswa eJapan ekuqaleni kuka-Matshi ukuze bahlolwe impilo okanye unyango lwezonyango kwizibhedlele, utshilo uTadahiro Nakashio, umphathi wentengiso kunye nokukhuthazwa kwentengiso kwi-JTB Global Marketing & Travel, ekhethiweyo njengelungu le-consortium. Uthe inkampani iza kuzisa abaguli abavela eRussia, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan naseSingapore.
UNakashio uthe ezinye zeendwendwe ziya kudibanisa ukubona indawo kunye notyelelo lwabo esibhedlele, zihlale kwiindawo zokuchithela iiholide ezishushu okanye zidlale igalufa, ngexesha lokuhlala kwabo iveki yonke.
I-Arhente yezoKhenketho yaseJapan yabiza igqiza leengcaphephe ngoJulayi ukuba lifunde ukhenketho lwezonyango. I-arhente, ejonge ukonyusa inani labakhenkethi baphesheya ukuya kwi-20 yezigidi ngo-2020, kungekudala izakuqala udliwanondlebe namagosa esibhedlele eJapan kunye nezigulana zabo zangaphandle, kunye nokuphanda ngezenzo kwezinye iindawo zase-Asiya, utshilo uSatoshi Hirooka, igosa laseJapan. i-arhente.
“Sicinga ngokhenketho lwezonyango njengenye yeendlela zokufezekisa iinjongo zethu ezizizigidi ezingama-20,” utshilo uHirooka. "Sigqibe kwelokuba siyiphonononge le nto ngakumbi, njengoko iThailand kunye noMzantsi Korea zisebenza kakhulu kweli cala, ukhenketho lwezonyango lwenze i-10 lepesenti yomthamo wabo wokhenketho ongenayo."
Nangona amanani emancinci, iJapan inerekhodi yokwamkela abahambi bezonyango.
Inkampani yorhwebo esekwe eTokyo iPJL Inc., ethumela iinxalenye zemoto eRussia, yaqala ukuzisa abantu baseRussia, ngakumbi abo bahlala kwisiqithi saseSakhalin, kwizibhedlele zaseJapan kwiminyaka emine eyadlulayo.
Ngokutsho kukaNoriko Yamada, umlawuli we-PJL, abantu abangama-60 baye batyelela izibhedlele zaseJapan ngokusebenzisa i-PJL introductions ukususela ngoNovemba 2005. Baye beza kunyango olususela kwi-heart bypass operation ukuya ekususweni kwamathumba ebuchosheni ukuya kwi-gynecological screenings. I-PJL ifumana iintlawulo kwizigulane zokuguqulela amaxwebhu kunye nokutolika kwisayithi kubo.
Ngenye intsasa yango-Oktobha, umnini-shishini oneminyaka engama-53 ubudala waseSakhalin watyelela iSibhedlele saseSaiseikai Yokohama-shi Tobu eYokohama ukuze afumane unyango lweentlungu zamagxa nezinye iingxaki zempilo.
Le ndoda, enqabile ukuchaza igama layo, ithe zisenokubakho izixhobo zeMRI eSakhalin kodwa azikho zisebenza kakuhle.
“Oogqirha nabasebenzi balungile apha, bangcono kunabaseRussia,” utshilo ngesiRashiya njengoko uYamada eguqulela. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu onokuza. Kufuneka ube nenqanaba elithile (lomvuzo) ukuze ufumane ukhathalelo eJapan.”
Usekela mlawuli wesi sibhedlele, uMasami Kumagai, uthe undoqo kwimpumelelo yokwakha ishishini lokhenketho lwezonyango kukufumana iitoliki ezaneleyo nabaguquleli abanobuchule abanokunxibelelana nezibhedlele ngeemfuno zezigulana ngaphambi kokuba zifike.
“Kukhathalelo lwempilo, inkqubo yokuguqulela incwadi ayizukusebenza,” utshilo. “Abaguquleli bamele babe nolwazi olunzulu ngentlalo nezithethe zabaguli. Kwanaxa belungiselela kwangaphambili, abaguli maxa wambi bayalurhoxisa uvavanyo ngomzuzu wokugqibela kuba bechithe imali yabo kwenye indawo, njengokuya kubuka indawo eHarajuku.”
Abakhenkethi bezonyango abajongwanga yinkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo jikelele yaseJapan, nto leyo ethetha ukuba izibhedlele zikhululekile ukumisela nayiphi na imirhumo eziyithandayo kwizigulana ezinjalo. Njengoko ukhathalelo lwempilo lwaseJapan lusaziwa ngokuba lungabizi mali ininzi, abaguli abasuka phesheya baneliseka ngokubanzi ngokhathalelo abalufumana apha, nokuba bahlawula ukuya kuthi ga ka-2.5 ngaphezulu kwezigulana zaseJapan phantsi kwenkqubo yeinshurensi yezempilo yesizwe, iingcali zatsho.
Kwisibhedlele saseSaiseikai Yokohama, izigulana zaseRussia zihlawuliswa ngokufanayo nezo zigutyungelwe yi-inshurensi yezempilo yesizwe, utshilo uKumagai.
Ngokujongana nezigulana zangaphandle, abasebenzi basesibhedlele bakhule ngakumbi kwiimfuno zezigulane, utshilo uKumagai.
“Sizama ukubonelela ngenkonzo esemgangathweni kwizigulana zaseRussia ezize apha, kanye ngendlela esizame ngayo ukubonelela ngenkonzo esemgangathweni kwizigulana zasekhaya,” utshilo.
"Umzekelo, sifumene indawo yokubhaka yasekuhlaleni ethengisa isonka saseRashiya, kwaye siyiphake ngalo lonke ixesha isigulana saseRashiya silala."
UJohn Wocher, usekela mongameli olawulayo kwiZiko lezoNyango laseKameda, iqela lesibhedlele elineebhedi ezingama-965 eKamogawa, kwiSithili saseChiba, uthe izibhedlele zaseJapan zinokuzithengisa ngakumbi ngokufumana imvume yamazwe ngamazwe. I-Kameda ngo-Agasti yaba yisibhedlele sokuqala eJapan ukufumana imvume kwi-Joint Commission International, i-US-based accreditation body body ejolise ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lokunyamekela.
Ehlabathini lonke, ngaphezu kwemibutho yokunakekelwa kwempilo ye-300 kumazwe angama-39 avunyiwe yi-JCI.
Ukuze zivunywe, izibhedlele kufuneka ziphumelele ukuhlolwa kwiikhrayitheriya ze-1,030, kubandakanywa ukulawulwa kosulelo kunye nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo esigulane kunye neentsapho.
UWocher, okhokele iinzame zeqela lesibhedlele zokufumana ulwamkelo, uthe khange ifune iwonga le-JCI ukutsala abaguli abaninzi bangaphandle, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iyanceda.
I-Kameda ngoku ifumana abaguli abathathu ukuya kwezintandathu ngenyanga ukusuka e-China, ngakumbi kwi-"ningen dokku" (uvavanyo lothintelo kunye novavanyo olubanzi lwempilo) kunye nechemotherapy yasemva kotyando esebenzisa amayeza abaguli abangenako ukungena eTshayina.
UWocher ulindele ukwamkela izigulana ezininzi ezisuka phesheya kulo nyaka uzayo, zisandula kutyikitya isivumelwano kunye ne-inshurensi enkulu yaseTshayina ebandakanya abantu abangama-3,000 abatyebileyo baseTshayina kunye nabangaphandle.
UWocher uthe ukwamkela abakhenkethi bezonyango abavela phesheya kuya kunceda abahlali bexesha elide eJapan ngokunjalo, ngokwandisa amandla nezibhedlele zeelwimi ezininzi kunye nezinto eziluncedo, nangona ezi zinokuza ngeendleko ezongezelelweyo.
“Ndicinga ukuba iziseko ezingundoqo ezifunekayo ukuze kuhlaliswe abahambi bezonyango ziya kunceda bonke abahlali bangaphandle njengoko izibhedlele ziba nobuhlobo ngakumbi kubantu basemzini,” utshilo. "Uninzi lwezibonelelo ziya kubandakanya ukhetho lwezigulane, mhlawumbi ukhetho olwalungekho ngaphambili."
Kodwa ukuze ukhenketho lwezonyango lukhule eJapan, urhulumente kufuneka enze okungakumbi, utshilo uWocher, eqaphela ukuba urhulumente ukuza kuthi ga ngoku utyale imali phantse kwanto kule ndawo.
EMzantsi Korea, urhulumente uchitha imali elingana ne-4 yezigidi zeedola kulo nyaka ukukhuthaza ukhenketho lwezonyango. Ikhupha i-visa yezonyango ngokukhawuleza xa abaguli bangaphandle befumana ileta evela kugqirha waseMzantsi Korea besithi baya kunyangwa apho, utshilo.
Kodwa uToshiki Mano, unjingalwazi kwiziko lolawulo lomngcipheko wezonyango kwiYunivesithi yaseTama, uvakala njengesilumkiso. Izibhedlele zaseJapan zijongene nokunqongophala koogqirha, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu ezifana nezokubelekisa kunye ne-gynecology. Basenokujamelana nokugxekwa nguwonke-wonke ukuba oogqirha bachitha ixesha elingakumbi kwizigulana zangaphandle ezingeyonxalenye yenkqubo ye-inshorensi yezempilo yesizwe.
“Kuya kubakho umlo wezixhobo,” utshilo uMano.
Kodwa wongeze ukuba ukwamkela abaguli abaninzi abavela phesheya kunokunceda kakhulu kwimali yesibhedlele. “Iya kunika izibhedlele indlela enye yokufumana ingeniso yazo,” utshilo uMano.
