Kwezinye iimeko, okanye kwamanye amazwe mhlawumbi, ukulandelelana kwezijekulo kusenokuba sisenzo solwaphulo-mthetho olunokubanjwa. Isinqe sasekhohlo siyenyuka emva koko siqhubele phambili de iphantse yabamba ipaneli encinci, yesikwere. Emva koko igxalaba lasekunene liyadlala, livula umnyango. Omnye umtsi weti ugqitywe ngempumelelo.
Elo lisiko lemihla ngemihla apha e-Independent House, xa ndibuya enkantini ndithwele iti eyaneleyo yepati eBoston. Kodwa yintoni enokuthi le gyrations ye-pelvic inento yokwenza nomthwalo wakho? Funda uqhubeke.
NgoLwesithathu, ngaphandle kolunye, yayilusuku oluqhelekileyo lwabantu abathwele imithwalo. Isiqwenga esinye kuma-60 esifakwe kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya zaseYurophu siya kuba sisilela ukuhamba nabanini bazo, sijonga amanani amva nje asuka kuMbutho weEuropean Airlines (AEA). IBritish Airways, ikwimo ehlala ihleli ezantsi kuluhlu lwemithwalo, ilahlekile ngakumbi: kwijethi ye-BA jumbo elayishwe ngokupheleleyo, amaqhekeza asibhozo emithwalo ayalahleka.
Oyena nobangela: I-Heathrow, apho uluhlu olungenasizathu lweetheminali - kunye nenyaniso yokuba i-BA ibhabha ukusuka kwisithathu kwezine kuzo - kuthetha ukuba umda wokungahambi kakuhle kwemithwalo mkhulu kakhulu. Nkqu ne-BMI, ene-terminal enye kunye nenethiwekhi encinci kakhulu, yesihlanu ukusuka ekugqibeleni kwi-last-bags league.
Umthwalo olahlekileyo ubiza imali eninzi kubahambi kunye neenqwelomoya. Kwiinqwelomoya zohambo olufutshane, kuhlala kuxabisa kakhulu umthuthi ukuba alandele imeko kwaye ayihambise kunexabiso elihlawulwe ngumkhweli. Ukuphelisa inkcitho enjalo yinjongo yovavanyo oluqale eHeathrow ngoLwesithathu.
Kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezizayo, i-Emirates izama inkqubo entsha yokulandelela ingxowa. Le nkqubo yokulibazisa ilibazisekile ixabisa i-airline yase-Dubai i-£ 150,000, kodwa umthwali unethemba lokuba uya kuzihlawulela.
Okwangoku, ibhegi nganye imakishwa ngekhowudi yebha ekufanele ukuba ikhokele kwinethiwekhi ye-labyrinthine ngaphantsi kwendawo yokungena de ifike kwinqwelomoya elungileyo. Okanye hayi – iingxowa ezimbini kwezintlanu zotshintshelo kwiSitenari sesi-3 eHeathrow “azifundwanga kakuhle” yinkqubo ezenzekelayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, bajike phezu kwebhanti yempahla kwaye bafihle ikhowudi yebar kwi-scanners.
Ibhegi efundwa ngendlela engeyiyo iphelela kwichute apho abaphathi kufuneka bayihlole kwaye bazame ukuyikhwelisa kwinqwelomoya echanekileyo. Oko kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba uya kufika eJakarta kuphela ukufumana ibhegi yakho iseRhawutini.
Isisombululo, sinethemba lokuba inkampani yeenqwelomoya, isekwe kwisazisi samaza kanomathotholo (RFID). Obu bubuchwephesha obufanayo obuvula iingcango kwi-Independent, ukubonelela ukuba wenze indlela echanekileyo yokunyathela ukufumana isipaji kwipokotho yakho yasekhohlo enekhadi lakho lesazisi (kunye netshiphu eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi) kufutshane ngokwaneleyo kwiskena.
I-RFID ikwasembindini wekhadi lexabiso eligciniweyo leOyster elenza ukuhamba ngeebhasi zaseLondon kunye noololiwe baseTube bangabizi kakhulu kwaye kulula kunemali.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba inkqubo e-Heathrow ixolela ngakumbi kunezitshixo ze-elektroniki kwi-Independent House, kwaye ayifuni ukusondela okufanayo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba amaza kanomathotholo akafuni unxibelelwano olubonakalayo, i-Emirates inethemba lokuba iibhegi ezimbalwa kakhulu ziya kukhethwa ngokungalunganga kwaye uninzi lwethu luya kufika ngexesha kunye nendawo njengemithwalo yethu.
Okwangoku, yinkqubo elula, evaliweyo. I-Emirates inendawo enye kuphela esuka eHeathrow: eDubai. Ekuqaleni, ekuphela kwabantu abanokuba ngabaxhamli ngabantu ababhukishelwe uhambo olunye lwemihla ngemihla lwe-Emirates e-Emirates ukusuka eHeathrow ukuya eDubai - mhlawumbi i-10,000 ngeveki. Abayi kuqaphela mahluko ekungeneni, kwaye ngokwenene, kwi-belt-and-braces exercise, i-tag ye-bar-coded yendabuko iya kusetyenziswa.
Ukongezwa okucocekileyo, nangona kunjalo, xa ubhabha ngaphakathi: ukuba ubhalisa inombolo yefowuni ephathwayo, uya kufumana umyalezo xa ufika ukuxelela ukuba leliphi ibhanti lokubuyisela ibhegi yakho.
Uyathemba.
Ukuba i-RFID ibamba, kulindeleke ukuba iinqwelomoya ziya kwazi kuwo onke amanqanaba apho ibhegi nganye ikhoyo - kwaye inokuba nokwabelana ngolwazi nabahambi. Kuya kunceda kwakhona abalayishi xa bethunyelwa kwindawo yokugcina ijethi ukuze bakhuphe ibhegi yomntu ongabonisi mboniso.
Ngaphambi koko, iBritish Airways inethemba lokuqalisa ukunyuka kwaye kude nezantsi kwiligi yaseYurophu.
Xa iTheminali yesi-5 ingena kwinkonzo kwinyanga ezayo, inani leengxowa ezilahlekileyo ekuguquleleni phakathi kweenqwelomoya kufuneka liwe: i-terminal ye-£ 4.3bn ngokwenene yakhiwe malunga nomdlalo omkhulu we-chess we-three-dimensional eyinkqubo yayo yokudlulisa imithwalo.
Ukuba ukhetha ukungathembi itekhnoloji ekukhuseleni izinto zakho xa uhamba ngenqwelomoya, esona sisombululo silula kukuba: ungajongi nantoni na ngaphakathi. Uninzi lwezikhululo zeenqwelomoya zase-UK ngoku zivumela ngaphezulu kwengxowa enye ngokhuseleko, nangona jonga ukuba inqwelomoya yakho inemvume ezimbini nangaphezulu. ibhodi. (ENewquay, esanyanzelisa umthetho weqhekeza elinye, bendinyanzelekile ukuba ndijonge ebhegini; ibikukusebenzisa ijargon opaque yenqwelomoya - "inqanawa emfutshane", okuthetha ukuba ayithunyelwanga kwaphela, kodwa ishiywe ngasemva Cornwall.)
Okwesibini, ukuba kufuneka ujonge iibhegi, zama, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukuya ngqo kwinqwelomoya. I-Air France kunye ne-KLM zijoyina i-British Airways kwindawo yokunciphisa imithwalo ngenxa yesizathu esilula sokuba banenethiwekhi "ye-hub-and-spoke" esekelwe eParis Charles de Gaulle kunye ne-Amsterdam Schiphol ngokulandelelana. Ungatsiba kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya ukwenza uqhagamshelo oluluqilima, kodwa ungacingi ukuba iingxowa zakho ezijongweyo ziyakulandelelwa ngokukhawuleza kwinqwelomoya elindileyo.
Okulandelayo, cinga zonke iilebhile - kwaye, ngokwenene, izibambo - ziya kukrazulwa. Ileyibhile - okanye umcu weteyiphu ye-gaffer - encamathele kumphezulu osicaba wento kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile xa ukhathazwa ngabaphethe imithwalo kunye nenkqubo yemithwalo ezenzekelayo. Namathelisa enye ileyibhile ngaphakathi kwisutikheyisi ukunqanda ukuba ngomnye wamawaka angakwaziyo ukuphinda adityaniswe neebhegi zawo kuba akukho ndlela yokuba inqwelo moya inokwazi ukuba yekabani. (Okwangoku, elona themba lakho lokuyifumana kukuya kwindlu yefandesi yaseGreasby eTooting, apho imithwalo eninzi elahlekileyo iphelela khona, kwaye unethemba lokuba iza kungena phantsi kwehamile.) Kwaye ungaze uthathe nantoni na ongakulungelanga ukuphulukana nayo.
Unokukhetha, ewe, inqwelomoya elahlekelwa ezona bhegi zimbalwa. I-Ryanair - engeyiyo eye-AEA - ithi yenza ngcono. Phakathi kwamalungu oMbutho, i-Air Malta iphakamisa itafile yokunyamekela iingxowa zabakhweli bayo. Kodwa umthwali waseMalta uphakamisa iligi eyamkelekileyo kancinci: eyona moya ilibaziseke kakhulu eYurophu. Mhlawumbi abasebenzi benqwelo-moya bathatha ixesha lokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iibhegi zigcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo ebhodini.
Inyaniso yendiza: ayingobakhweli kuphela abaya 'boing'
Itekhnoloji inceda ukwenza ukubhabha kukhuseleke ngendlela emangalisayo. Noko ke, ngamanye amaxesha ndiye ndizive ndingonwabanga. Kwinyanga ephelileyo, bendikwisikhululo seenqwelomoya eLima ndilinde inqwelomoya eya eIquitos. Xa inqwelomoya ye-Star Peru ekugqibeleni yavela, emva kweyure emva kwexesha, yayiyimodeli yokuqala ye-Boeing 737 eyayibone izenzo ezininzi.
Njengoko inqwelo-moya yayilungele ukunduluka, umqhubi wafumanisa impazamo; wakhwela itaxi wabuyela eterminal saphinda sehla enye iyure kusalungiswa ingxaki.
Sathi xa sifika eIquitos, kwabakho isaqhwithi saseAmazon. Njengoko imibane ibetha esibhakabhakeni, isibini seenyawo ezingamakhulu ukusuka emhlabeni umphathi wagqiba kwelokuba akuphelise ukuhlala; ii-injini ezisele zikhulile zasidubula kwakhona. Isikhululo seenqwelomoya esikufutshane, iTarapoto, sasikumgama weyure. Sahlala phantsi logama uMgqibelo wajika wabayiCawe.
Ekugqibeleni, abasebenzi bafumanisa ukuba uqhwithela luphelile. Ngelo xesha, ndaqaphela inombolo ye-serial yenqwelo-moya: OB-1841-P.
Ndikhuselekile ekhaya, ndajonga imbali yayo. Inqwelomoya yathunyelwa kwiminyaka engama-28 eyadlulayo kwi-Britannia Airways.
Emva kweminyaka elithoba yokuthumela abakhenkethi kwiMeditera, ijethi yaya ngasentshona. Aloha Iinqwelomoya zabhabha iBoeing zijikeleza iziqithi zaseHawaii phantse ngo-1990.
IVASP yaseBrazil yahamba ngenqwelo-moya ngowe-1991, kuxa yatyelela okokuqala eAmazon.
Inqwelomoya yolahleko yabuyela e-Britannia ngo-1992 kwiihlobo ezininzi, emva koko yathengiswa kwi-Ryanair. Emva kweminyaka eyi-11, i-airline yase-Ireland yayibeka kumhlalaphantsi (ngokufanelekileyo ngokwaneleyo e-Bournemouth), de yathathwa kwiinyanga ezili-15 ezidlulileyo yi-Star Peru.
Ngexesha lohambo bendinexesha elininzi - kwaye ndibangele - ukufunda ikhadi lokhuseleko. Xa kujongwe imbali yenqwelomoya egqabhukileyo, inombhalo ongalunganga ofanelekileyo kanye phezulu: “iBoing 737”.
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