Imbuyekezo kwi-Post-Slavery Indentured Servitude: Ityala lenziwe

Eli phepha lanikezelwa ngokobuqu kwinkomfa yezizwe ngezizwe yobukhoboka, i-Indentured Labour, kunye ne-Impact Yabo kwimibutho yangoku.

Inkomfa yahlelwa liSebe leMbali ye-Faculty of Humanities, ngokubambisana ne-Faculty ye-Graduate Studies kunye noPhando (FGSR), i-Faculty ye-Social Sciences, i-Social Science Research Institute (IMWO) ye-Anton de Kom University yaseSuriname. , kunye neCandelo leNkcubeko. (ISebe lezeMfundo, iNzululwazi, neNkcubeko).

UMahabir unikezele ngetyala elinyanzelisayo lokubuyisela i-indetureship yaseIndiya. Ukufika kosapho lukaMhlekazi uJohn Gladstone eGuyana kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo, nokwaphawula umzuzu obalulekileyo embalini, kufike emva kwenkcazo-ntetho yakhe. Usapho luvakalise uxolo lwalo ngokungazenzisiyo ngokubandakanyeka kukakhokho wabo ngokuthe ngqo kubukhoboka kunye nobukhoboka kwilizwe leCaribbean. UJohn Gladstone wayenguyise weNkulumbuso yaseBritane amaxesha amane, uWilliam Gladstone.

Ngomnyaka we-1838, uJohn Gladstone wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuziseni abasebenzi baseIndiya abangabasebenzi baseIndiya eGuyana, ngenjongo yokuthatha indawo yama-Afrika awayengamakhoboka ngaphambili.

Wayenamasimi ommoba aliqela ngelo xesha eBritish Guiana – iDemerara njengoko yayibizwa njalo—apho amakhoboka asebenza khona, kamva nabasebenzi ababevalelwe, awona makhulu kuwo yayiziindawo zaseVreedenhoop neBelmont. Iirekhodi zembali zibonisa ukuba uJohn Gladstone wayekwanxulunyaniswa nobunini beenqanawa ezimbini ezinoxanduva lokuthuthwa kwabasebenzi abaxhatshaziweyo besuka eIndiya. Aba basebenzi babandakanyeka kubukhoboka ngenxa yokupheliswa kobukhoboka ngo-1834.

Kwindlela yokubuyisela ubulungisa, usapho lwakwaGladstone lubhengeze injongo yalo yokunikela nge-£ 100,000 kwiYunivesithi yaseGuyana yeZiko laMazwe ngaMazwe lokuFuduka kunye neDiaspora Studies, eyasungulwa kweso siganeko sembali. Usapho luphinde lwazibophelela ekwabeleni inkxaso-mali kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo ezingachazwanga eGuyana nakwiZiko leYunivesithi yaseLondon kwiSifundo seLifa lobukhoboka baseBritane, yomibini iminyaka emihlanu.

Ithemba lelokuba isixa esilingeneyo sale mali siya kuphononongo lwe-indentureship, oluya kuthi luxhamle abahlohli nabafundi baseIndiya kule yunivesithi, kunye nokuxhasa ngemali iiprojekthi kuluntu lwaseIndiya eGuyana.

Oku kulandelayo sisishwankathelo sikaMahabir: "Ngowe-1838, inqanawa yokuqala yabasebenzi baseIndiya ababeza kusiwa kwiCaribbean yafika eBritish Guiana.

Kwisithuba seminyaka engama-80+ ezayo, ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sesigidi kwakuza kuza, kusasazwe kwiikholoni ezahlukeneyo kulo mmandla wonke ukuze kusetyenzwe kumasimi eswekile yobukoloniyali. I-post-slavery indetureship yachazwa ngumbhali-mbali uHugh Tinker "njengenkqubo entsha yobukhoboka", ibe yinkqubo ekhohlisayo egcwele ukusetyenziswa kakubi kunye nokuxhatshazwa.

Phakathi kwezimemelelo zembuyekezo ezenziwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje yinzala yama-Afrika amakhoboka kunye nezizwe zomthonyama, inzala yamaIndiya anyanzeliswayo nawo ayaqalisa ukuvakalisa amazwi awo kwaye aqondwe.

Nangona kunjalo, iingxoxo ezixhasa imbuyekezo kubantu abangengowabantu, ngakumbi amaIndiya aseAsia abumba uninzi lwabasebenzi abafakwe emva kobukhoboka, ayingqalanga kangako kunokuba injalo kumaxhoba obukhoboka kunye nembubhiso yemveli.

“Kwintlanganiso kawonke-wonke ka-Zoom yamva nje nge-22 kaMeyi, ngo-2022, ngomxholo othi 'Ngaba amaIndiya akwiDiaspora kufuneka afune imbuyekezo ngenxa yokuzimela?

UGq Hilary Brown, uMphathi weNkqubo yeNkcubeko noPhuhliso loLuntu kwi-Ofisi kaNobhala we-CARICOM, ubuze lo mbuzo: “Kukho iinkcazo ezimiselweyo zento ethethwa lulwaphulo-mthetho eluntwini. Kwaye ke loo nto ibandakanya ukukhotyokiswa, ukubulawa kwabantu ngobuzwe, ukwehlisa isidima sobuntu….

Ngaba singaphinda sibeke i-indetureship njengolwaphulo-mthetho eluntwini, kwaye kwingxoxo, ke, ingena phi? ” Eli phepha liza kujonga ifuthe lobukhoboka obenziwe kwiCaribbean, lize ligocagoce ngezizathu zokuba inzala yabasebenzi ifumane imbuyekezo.”