Inkosana yabelana ngokukhanya kunye nenkanyezi yomdlalo, uRihanna, imvumi eyazalelwa eBarbados kunye nosomashishini odume kakhulu kwindawo. Ufumene iwonga leSizwe kwiNkulumbuso uMia Amor Mottley, phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe iBarbados yathatha inyathelo lokugqibela kude nesithsaba ngaphandle kokucela uvoto.
Kulonyulo lukazwelonke ngoJan. 19, olubizwe kwiinyanga ezili-18 ngaphambi kokuphela kwekota yakhe yokuqala e-ofisini, uMottley, owasetyhini wokuqala ukuba yinkulumbuso yaseBarbados, ukhokele iBarbados Labour Party yakhe ukuya kweyesibini, iphumelele isithuba seminyaka emihlanu. ixesha kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, igumbi elisezantsi kwiPalamente yaseBarbadian. Ivoti yaba nesigqibo: iqela lakhe labamba zonke izihlalo ezingama-30, nangona ezinye iintlanga zazinzima.
"Abantu besi sizwe bathethe ngazwi linye, ngokugqibeleleyo, ngamxhelo mnye kwaye ngokucacileyo," watsho kwintetho yakhe yomthendeleko ngaphambi kokusa kwe-20 kaJanuwari -Wanxiba izikipa ezibomvu ezifundeka ngolu hlobo, "Hlala ukhuselekile noMia."
Ihlabathi liya kuva ngakumbi kuye. I-rumor yokuba uye wacelwa nguNobhala-Jikelele we-UN u-António Guterres ukuba athathe indima yokucebisa umhlaba wonke egameni lakhe, yaliwe yiofisi kaMottley, eyathi inkulumbuso "ayazi naluphi na uphuhliso olunokuthi lungene ngaphakathi kwimeko amarhe obuza ngawo."
IBarbados ayisiyiyo ikoloniyali yokuqala yaseBritane ukuthoba iflegi yasebukhosini, ephelisa indima yobukumkani, ngoku uninzi lwemibhiyozo, yokumisela irhuluneli-jikelele yelizwe elalisakuba likholoni. IBarbados yazimela ngo-1966 emva kweenkulungwane zolawulo lwamathanga. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ibilugcinile unxibelelwano lwayo lwasebukhosini.
Eli lixesha, nangona kunjalo, xa iimfuno zomjikelo omtsha wokuchaza ngokutsha kwaye ekugqibeleni ukuphelisa iintsalela zobukoloniyali zifumana amandla kumazwe asakhasayo. UMottley, oneminyaka engama-56, yintshatsheli yesizathu, njengoko ephonononga amandla angekasetyenziswa ekuphuhliseni amaqhina omelele neAfrika.
Ehlabathini jikelele, "ukuchithwa kwekoloni" kuphando lwezonyango kunye nempilo yoluntu, umzekelo, ngumba oye waqina kubhubhani we-Covid. Kwangaxeshanye, kubizelwa “ukupheliswa kobukholoniyali” kwimicimbi yamazwe ngamazwe kufuna ukuba izigqibo zomgaqo-nkqubo wehlabathi zingabi lilungelo lamagunya amakhulu.
Kwinkomfa yenyani yeenkokeli ezininzi zase-Afrika nezaseCaribbean ngoSeptemba, uMottley wasebenzisa umgaqo wokuphelisa ubukoloniyali ekuvuseleleni nasekuqiniseni inkcubeko ye-Atlantiki ukunceda ukoyisa ilifa elonakalisayo lobukhoboka.
“Siyazi ukuba eli likamva lethu. Kulapho esaziyo ukuba kufuneka sibathwalele abantu bethu,” utshilo. “Ilizwekazi lakho [i-Afrika] likhaya lookhokho bethu kwaye sihlobene nani ngeendlela ezininzi kuba iAfrika isingqongile nakuthi. Asingobantu baseAfrika kuphela.
“Ndicela ukuba siqonde ukuba into yokuqala esimele siyenze, ngaphezu kwayo yonke enye into . . . kukuzisindisa ebukhobokeni bengqondo - ubukhoboka bengqondo obusenza sibone uMntla kuphela; ubukhoboka bengqondo esinaso sirhweba eMntla kuphela; ubukhoboka bengqondo obusenza singaqondi ukuba phakathi kwethu sibumba isinye kwisithathu sezizwe zehlabathi; ubukhoboka bengqondo obuthintele amakhonkco orhwebo ngokuthe ngqo okanye ukuthuthwa ngokuthe ngqo kwenqwelomoya phakathi kweAfrika neCaribbean; ubukhoboka bengqondo buye basithintela ekubuyiseni ikamva lethu leAtlantiki, ebunjwe ngokomfanekiso wethu nakwizinto esinomdla kuzo abantu bethu.”
Inzala yamakhoboka ase-Afrika, wathi, kufuneka ikwazi ukutyelela amazwe kumacala omabini e-Atlantiki kwaye ihlaziye inkcubeko ekwabelwana ngayo, ukuya kutsho kukutya abakonwabelayo. “Abantu baseCaribbean bafuna ukubona iAfrika, kwaye abantu baseAfrika bafuna ukubona iiCaribbean,” utshilo. “Kufuneka sikwazi ukusebenzisana, hayi kumdla wenkonzo yaseburhulumenteni yobukoloniyali okanye kuba abantu basizise apha ngaphandle kwentando yethu. Kufuneka siyenze njengombandela wokuzikhethela, njengomcimbi wezoqoqosho.”
Kumyalezo wakhe woSuku lweKrisimesi yowama-2021 kuma-Barbadians, uMottley wayenokwanda ngakumbi, efuna indima yehlabathi kwisizwe esincinci esele "sibetha ngaphezulu kobunzima baso."
I-Barbados ibeka kufuphi nephezulu ekuphuhlisweni kwabantu kwindawo enkulu yaseLatin America-Caribbean, indawo efanelekileyo yabasetyhini kunye namantombazana. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezithile - iHaiti ivelele ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwayo okubuhlungu - ummandla weCaribbean unerekhodi elihle.
Ngo-2020, iNgxelo yoPhuhliso loLuntu yeNkqubo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo (esekelwe kwidatha ka-2019) yabala ukuba ubude bokuphila kwabasetyhini ekuzalweni eBarbados yiminyaka engama-80.5, xa kuthelekiswa ne-78.7 yabasetyhini kulo lonke ummandla. EBarbados, amantombazana anokulindela ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-17 yemfundo ekhoyo ukusuka ebuntwaneni ukuya kwinqanaba lemfundo ephakamileyo, xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka eli-15 kwingingqi. Umlinganiselo wokufunda nokubhala kwabantu abadala waseBarbadia ungaphezu kwama-99 ekhulwini, intsika yedemokhrasi ezinzileyo.
Ukujonga ngaphandle oko wathatha isikhundla ngo-2018 okokuqala ngqa eluloyiso lolonyulo lweqela lakhe lasekhohlo laseBarbados Labour Party, uMottley uye waseka iprofayile eyomeleleyo yamazwe ngamazwe. Intetho yakhe enzima kakhulu kwiNdibano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ngoSeptemba kunye nezigxeko ze-acerbic zeengxoxo zemozulu yehlabathi (jonga ividiyo engezantsi) uye watsala ingqalelo ngokuthetha kwakhe ngokungafihlisiyo kunye nokukwazi ukuvusa abaphulaphuli. Ukanti uyinkokeli yelizwe elimalunga nekota yobukhulu bedolophu yaseLondon, enabemi abamalunga nama-300,000, xa kuthelekiswa nabaseBahamas.
“Siyawugqiba lo nyaka, ka-2021, sophule isiseko sokugqibela senkqubo yobukoloniyali, siphelisa ulawulo olwathatha iminyaka engama-396,” utshilo kumyalezo wakhe weKrisimesi kwisizwe. "Sizibhengeze ukuba siyiRiphabhlikhi yePalamente, samkela uxanduva olupheleleyo lwekamva lethu kwaye ngaphezu kwayo yonke enye into, sifaka iNtloko yeLizwe yokuqala yaseBarbadian kwimbali yethu." USandra Prunella Mason, owayesakuba yirhuluneli-jikelele, igqwetha laseBarbadian, wafungiswa ngoNovemba wama-30 njengomongameli wokuqala weriphabliki.
“Siqhubela phambili, bahlobo bam, ngokuzithemba,” utshilo uMottley kumyalezo wakhe. “Oku ndikholelwa ukuba bubungqina bokuqola kwethu njengabantu nanjengesizwe esisesiqithini. Ngoku, sikwiminyango ka-2022. Sizimisele ukuphinda siqalise uhambo olusingise eBarbados ukuba ibe kumgangatho wehlabathi ngo-2027.”
Luhlelo olude.
Uqoqosho lwaseBarbadian lwabuyiselwa umva yilahleko ngexesha lobhubhani wemivuzo ebalulekileyo evela kukhenketho oluphezulu, kodwa inkulumbuso ithi abahambi baqala ukubuya umva. IBhanki ePhakamileyo yaseBarbados iqikelela ukuba ukhenketho luya kubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo ngo-2023.
UMottley ukhululekile kwiqonga elikhulu. Ukhe wahlala eLondon nakwisiXeko saseNew York, unesidanga somthetho asifumana kwiLondon School of Economics (egxininisa kuthethelelo) kwaye ungummeli wenkundla yaseNgilani naseWales.
Imbali yokuqala yeBarbados phantsi kolawulo lwaseBhritane ixinene kwiinkulungwane zokuxhaphaza kunye nosizi. Kungekudala emva kokuba abanini-mhlaba bokuqala abamhlophe beqalise ukufika ngeminyaka yoo-1620, begxotha abantu bomthonyama emhlabeni wabo, esi siqithi saba liziko lorhwebo lwamakhoboka eAfrika kwiNtshona yeHemisphere. Kungekudala iBritane yalawula ngokurhweba ngeAtlantiki yaza yakha uqoqosho lwelizwe olutsha, olunenkqubela phambili yabantu baseBritani emqolo kumaAfrika.
Abanini bamasimi baseBhritani bafunde kumaPhuthukezi namaSpanish, abathi baqalisa ukusebenza kwamakhoboka kwiipropathi zabo zobukoloniyali ngeminyaka yoo-1500, indlela eyayinengeniso ngayo inkqubo ngokusebenza simahla. Kumasimi eswekile eBarbados, yayisetyenziswa kwinqanaba lemizi-mveliso. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, amakhulu amawaka abemi baseAfrika ayengamancoko nje, ehluthwe amalungelo phantsi kwemithetho engqongqo yobuhlanga. Ubukhoboka bapheliswa kubukhosi baseBritani ngowe-1834. (Bapheliswa kuwo onke amazwe akumntla Merika phakathi kowe-1774 nowe-1804, kodwa kungekhona kuMzantsi de kwangowe-1865.)
Ibali lobukhoboka eBarbados lixelwe kwincwadi ka-2017 esekwe kuphando lobuchwephesha olunemizobo etshisayo yobomi base-Afro-Caribbean: "Umbutho wokuQala waMakhoboka aMnyama: 'Ixesha leBarbarity' yaseBritane eBarbados 1636-1876." Umbhali, uHilary Beckles, umbhali-mbali owazalelwa eBarbados, usekela-chansela weYunivesithi yaseWest Indies, epapashe le ncwadi.
U-Beckles ube ngumxhasi okhokelayo wembuyekezo yobukhoboka ehlala encoma abantu abaphezulu baseBritane, abezemali baseLondon kunye namaziko abawadalile kwiingeniso zobukhoboka. Ukusekwa kweBritane akuphumelelanga nje ukulungisa, uxoxa, kodwa akazange axelele inyaniso kubantu baseBritani malunga noloyiko lobomi base-Afro-Caribbean.
INkosana uCharles, kwintetho yakhe ye-30 kaNov malunga nokunikezelwa kwesiseko sokugqibela samandla asebukhosini kwiriphabliki entsha, yenza isalathiso esidlulayo kwimbandezelo yeenkulungwane zamakhoboka aseAfrika kwaye endaweni yoko yagxila kwikamva eliqaqambileyo leBritish-Barbados. ubudlelwane.
"Ukususela kwezona ntsuku zimnyama zexesha lethu elidlulileyo, kunye nenkohlakalo eyoyikekayo yobukhoboka, ehlala iyingcolisa imbali yethu, abantu besi siqithi bakha indlela yabo ngokuqina okungaqhelekanga," watsho. “Inkululeko, ukuzilawula nokuzimela ibiziindlela zakho. Inkululeko, ubulungisa kunye nokuzimisela kube zizikhokelo zakho. Uhambo lwakho olude lukuzise kulo mzuzu, kungekhona njengendawo oya kuyo, kodwa njengendawo yokujonga imbono entsha.”
Okokuqala ikhutshwe nguBarbara Crossette, umhleli ophezulu kunye nombhali we PassBlue kunye nomnxibelelanisi weZizwe eziManyeneyo weSizwe.
Iindaba ezingakumbi malunga neBarbados
#Bharbhados
INTO ONOKUYITHATHA KWELI NQAKU:
- 19, called 18 months before the end of her first term in office, Mottley, the first woman to be prime minister of Barbados, led her Barbados Labor Party to a second, shutout win for a five-year term in the House of Assembly, the lower chamber in the Barbadian Parliament.
- Kwinkomfa yenyani yeenkokeli ezininzi zase-Afrika nezaseCaribbean ngoSeptemba, uMottley wasebenzisa umgaqo wokuphelisa ubukoloniyali ekuvuseleleni nasekuqiniseni inkcubeko ye-Atlantiki ukunceda ukoyisa ilifa elonakalisayo lobukhoboka.
- A rumor that she has been approached by UN Secretary-General António Guterres to take on a global advisory role on his behalf was denied by Mottley's office, which said that the prime minister “is unaware of any development that would fit within the context of the rumor about which you have enquired.
