I-TAIPEI-Owona mbono unamandla umfundi waseTshayina wasekholejini u-Chen Jiawei awufumeneyo njengoko wayekhenketha eTaiwan okokuqala kwiveki ephelileyo yayilumgangatho ongenasiphako weendawo ezithile ezibukekayo.
“Amanzi kwimimandla eselunxwemeni aluhlaza kakhulu. Yahlukile kweyaseTshayina,” utshilo uChen, oneminyaka engama-21, osuka kwiphondo laseGuangdong.
UChen wayengomnye wabakhenkethi abangama-762 abafika nge-4 kaJulayi ngeenqwelomoya zokuqala ezithe ngqo phakathi kwelizwe laseTshayina kunye neTaiwan ukusukela oko la macala mabini ahlukanayo ekupheleni kwemfazwe yamakhaya ngo-1949. akazange afumane nje ubuhle bendalo, kodwa indlela yokuphila awayengayilindelanga eTaiwan.
“Apha, azakhi zininzi izinto ezenziwe ngumntu kwindawo yendalo. Umzekelo, [aba]gawuli imithi, baphuhlise umhlaba baze bakhele abasebenzi basehlathini indlu, njengoko sibona kumhlaba omkhulu. Emaphandleni, babetyala imithi kwiipaki baze babeke izilwanyana kuzo,” utshilo uChen.
Ngelixa urhulumente waseTaiwan egxile kuncedo lwezoqoqosho lweenqwelomoya eziqhelekileyo ezivela eTshayina kunye nabakhenkethi abangama-3,000 okanye abakhenkethi baseTshayina abaza kubazisa suku ngalunye, abanye abahlalutyi bavakalelwa kukuba kunokubakho iziphumo ezibaluleke ngakumbi.
"Impembelelo enkulu kutshintshiselwano lwenkcubeko," utshilo uKou Chien-wen, isazi sezopolitiko kunye neengcali zobudlelwane obunqamlekileyo kwiYunivesithi yaseChengchi yaseTaipei.
Ukhenketho olufana nolweChen kokokuqala ukuba inani elikhulu lamaTshayina aqhelekileyo akwazi ukutyelela iTaiwan. Ngokucacileyo ngamava abantu baseTshayina abanakuze bawafumane kwiincwadi zezifundo nakwiimuvi, singasathethi ke ngemithombo yeendaba elawulwa ngurhulumente.
Ngelixa la macala mabini ahlulwe kuphela yi-160 yeekhilomitha ububanzi beTaiwan Strait, awazange atyikitye isivumelwano soxolo ukusukela oko yaphela imfazwe yamakhaya ngo-1949 kunye nama-Nationalists-iqela lanamhlanje iKuomintang (KMT) - abalekela eTaiwan emva kokuba amakomanisi athatha intambo. ilizwekazi. Ukuza kuthi ga nge-4 kaJulayi, iinqwelomoya ezithe ngqo bezivunyelwa kuphela ngeeholide ezinkulu ezininzi ngonyaka, kwaye phantse kuphela koosomashishini baseTaiwan kunye neentsapho zabo ezihlala kumbindi welizwe.
Bamalunga nama-300,000 kuphela abantu baseTshayina abatyelela iTaiwan minyaka le, ubukhulu becala kuhambo lwezoshishino. Abahambi kwakufuneka badlule kwindawo yesithathu - ngokuqhelekileyo iHong Kong okanye iMacau - ukwenza uhambo ludle ixesha kwaye lubiza. Kutshanje, ukubhabha ukusuka eTaipei ukuya eBeijing kuthathe usuku lonke.
Ngoku, ngeenqwelomoya ezingama-36 eziya ngqo phakathi kwezixeko kumacala omabini, kunye namaxesha okubhabha amafutshane njengemizuzu engama-30, uninzi lwamaTshayina lumiselwe ngokucacileyo ukuba lufike.
Kwaye zithini izimvo zabo ngeTaiwan engaphaya kolawulo lweBeijing? Ngelixa iTshayina ivulwe ngeendlela ezininzi, iziteshi zeTV zaseTaiwan zisavaliwe - nakwiindawo ezinjengesixeko esikufuphi saseXiamen kwiphondo laseFujian. Ezinye iinkqubo zaseTaiwan zivumelekile ukuba zisasazwe kwiihotele nakwizindlu ezikumgangatho ophezulu eTshayina, kodwa ubukhulu becala zizinto zokuzonwabisa ezimdaka okanye iisepha operas - kwaye zonke zijongiwe ngabahloli ngaphambili.
“Ngoku kukho ijelo elitsha lokuba amaTshayina aqonde iTaiwan,” utshilo uKou. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, abakhenkethi baseTshayina baya kuthelekisa ubomi baseTaiwan nobo baseTshayina.”
Ngokungafaniyo neYurophu okanye i-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia, apho abantu abaninzi basezidolophini abakumgangatho ophakathi njenge-Chen baye batyelela, abakhenkethi baseTshayina banokunxibelelana ngokulula nabemi baseTaiwan. Kwaye njengoko uninzi lwabantu kumacala omabini bengamaTshayina angamaHan, kunokuba nzima kwabanye ukuba bangazibuzi ukuba kutheni izinto ziyindlela enye eTaiwan, kwaye yahluke kakhulu eTshayina.
“Nangona izixeko zabo zincinci kwaye izitrato zabo zimxinwa, akukho xilongo lwezithuthi,” utshilo uChen. “Xa ibhasi yethu yokukhenketha yayidlula kwizixeko zabo, sabona izixeko zabo zinocwangco.”
Ngokomkhenkethisi uChin Wen-yi, abakhenkethi abatsha baseTshayina babenomdla kakhulu kumahluko wendlela yokuphila. Xa iilori zenkunkuma zadlula kumaqela abakhenkethi, abanye babakhenkethi baseTshayina babuza isizathu sokuba ezo lori zibe namacandelo amaninzi ahlukeneyo, nto leyo engazange ibonwe kummandla omkhulu welizwe.
“Sibacacisele ukuba kungenxa yokuba eTaiwan sinomgaqo-nkqubo wokurisayikilisha kwaye sifuna ukuba abahlali bahlele inkunkuma yabo, kunye nodidi lokutya kwasekhitshini,” utshilo uChin.
Kwangaxeshanye, abantu baseTaiwan babona iTshayina ngokuthontelana kwabakhenkethi belizwe.
“Enyanisweni, banxiba ngendlela yanamhlanje, abahlukanga kuthi. Bafana nathi, abafani tu nabantu basemaphandleni,” watsho uWang Ruo-mei, inzalelwane yaseTaipei engabaziyo abanye abantu balapho ngaphandle koyise ongasekhoyo, owafudukela eTaiwan emva kwemfazwe.
Inyani yokuba abakhenkethi abanxibe kakuhle, abanesimilo kunye nabasebenzisa imali enkulu abakhenkethi baseTshayina banokuphucula imbonakalo yaseTaiwan yaseTshayina ayilahlekanga kurhulumente waseTshayina. Abahlalutyi bakholelwa ukuba iBeijing inethemba lokuba ukonyuka kokuthembela kwezoqoqosho eTaiwan kuya kwenza ukuba isiqithi singabinakho ukubhengeza ukuzimela-isenzo apho iBeijing isongele ukuphendula ngemfazwe.
"I-China ayikwazi ukulawula imithombo yeendaba yaseTaiwan, ngoko ayikwazi ukulawula iimbono zabantu baseTaiwan ngeChina. Kodwa xa abakhenkethi baseTshayina besiza eTaiwan, ubuncinci iTshayina ingabonisa icala layo elilungileyo, utshilo uKou weYunivesithi yaseChengchi.
Ngapha koko, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umbono olungileyo wenziwa, iliza lokuqala labakhenkethi lajongwa, utshilo uDarren Lin, umlawuli ongumseki weTaipei Tour Guide Association kunye nosekela-manejala wearhente yokuhamba ephethe ukhenketho.
NgokukaLin, uninzi lwabakhenkethi abakhokelwa yinkampani yakhe yayingabasebenzi bakarhulumente, abathengi abaphindayo okanye amalungu osapho kunye nabahlobo babasebenzi beearhente zokuhamba zaseTshayina.
“Oku kungenxa yokuba bekungekho lula ukufumana abantu abaninzi kangaka abebenokuthenjwa ngexeshana elifutshane,” utshilo uLin. “Iqela lokuqala lithathwa njengelibaluleke kakhulu kumacala omabini obunzima. Boyika ukuba abantu babaleka baze bazame ukuhlala eTaiwan. ”
Abadla umhlala-phantsi benza inani elikhulu labakhenkethi abangama-700, kwaye ngamnye kwakufuneka abe nesixa esithile sogcino kwiiakhawunti zabo zebhanki, uLin nabanye bathi.
Sukuthetha, ungaxeleli
Bobabini abakhenkethi kunye nabakhenkethi bamkele isimo sengqondo "sokungabuzi, ukungaxeleli" kumbandela wenkululeko yaseTaiwan.
Iindawo ezibuthathaka, kuquka iHolo yeSikhumbuzo saseChiang Kai-shek kunye neBhotwe likaMongameli nazo zathintelwa. UChiang wayeyintshaba enkulu yamakomanisi, kwaye iChina ayiqapheli umongameli waseTaiwan kuba ithatha isiqithi njengelinye lamaphondo ayo, hayi isizwe.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umbono oshiywe ngabakhenkethi baseTshayina kubantu baseTaiwan ulungile. Ngaphandle kokuxhalaba kwangaphambili babeza kutshica, okanye batshaye kwiindawo ezingatshayiyo, uninzi lwabonisa isimilo esihle. Bonke baxelelwa ngemithetho yaseTaiwan bakuba behlile nje kwinqwelomoya.
Izikhululo zikamabonwakude zibonise abakhenkethi abancumileyo bencoma isuphu yenoodle yenkomo ethandwayo yaseTaiwan, kunye nokuthenga, kwaye bephethe imithwalo efakwe izinto ezisanda kuthengwa.
Amagosa eshishini lezokhenketho alindele ukuba inani labakhenkethi baseTshayina lifikelele kwisigidi esi-1 ngonyaka, likhulu kakhulu kune-300,000 yangoku, kwaye abakhenkethi kulindeleke ukuba bachithe iibhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika eTaiwan nyaka ngamnye.
Iqela lokuqala elishiye kule mpelaveki iphelileyo lichithe i-US $ 1.3 yezigidi kwizikhumbuzo kunye nempahla enqabileyo, ngokutsho kwe-United Daily News. Urhulumente waseTaiwan kunye neshishini lokhenketho banethemba lokuba abakhenkethi baseTshayina baya kunika uqoqosho oludodobalayo lwesi siqithi unyuso olufuneka kakhulu.
“Sinethemba lokuba abo banemali nexesha baya kuhlala besiza,” utshilo uLin.
Uninzi lwabakhenkethi be-13,000 eTaiwan baye bakhokela iindwendwe kwiindwendwe zaseJapan, kodwa ngoku i-25%, uqikelelo lwe-Lin, luza kugxila kubakhenkethi baselizwe. “Kuya kufuneka bahlaziye iingcaciso zabo zokhenketho kwaye bagxininise kancinci kwimpembelelo yaseJapan eTaiwan, kuba loo nto inokukhubekisa abantu balapha,” utshilo uLin.
Nangona kunjalo, ayingabo bonke abantu baseTaiwan ababekulungele ukukhupha imathi eyamkelekileyo kubakhenkethi baselizweni.
Umnini wevenkile yokutyela kumazantsi eTaiwan Kaohsiung City uxhome uphawu ngaphandle kwendawo yokutya ebonisa ukuba abakhenkethi baseTshayina abamkelekanga. Kwaye esinye isikhululo sikamabonwakude sabonisa iarhente yokuhamba yaseTainan ikhwaza isithi abakhenkethi baseTshayina bazokoyikisa abakhenkethi baseJapan abasulungekileyo.
Abanye abantu baseTaiwan baye bakuchasa ukuba amashishini atshintshe iimpawu okanye imibhalo yawo enjengemenyu esuka koonobumba bemveli baseTshayina, abasetyenziswa kakhulu eTaiwan, ukuya koonobumba abenziwe lula, abasetyenziswa eTshayina.
“Andicingi ukuba kufuneka sitshintshe inkcubeko yethu kunye nesazisi sethu ngenxa nje yemali,” utshilo uYang Wei-shiu, umhlali waseKeelung.
Kodwa abahlalutyi bathi ezi ziingxaki nje zokuqala. Njengoko omabini amacala efumana izibonelelo zoqoqosho, uninzi lwabantu luza kuxhasa unxibelelwano olusondeleyo, batsho. Kwaye ukuqonda okwandisiweyo kunokuthi, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kuchaphazele ubudlelwane bezopolitiko bamacandelo amabini.
“Kwezopolitiko, kunokonyusa ukuthembeka ukuba inkqubo iyaqhubeka,” utshilo u-Andrew Yang, ingcali yobudlelwane obunqamlezileyo kwiBhunga laseTshayina leZifundo zoMgaqo-nkqubo oPhakamileyo eTaipei.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, abakhenkethi baseTshayina baqaphele izinto abangazithandiyo ngeTaiwan.
U-Chen uthe iindaba zokunyamalala kwabakhenkethi abathathu baseTshayina - ababengeyonxalenye yamaqela asuka kwiinqwelomoya ezithe ngqo - bahluke phakathi kwemithombo yeendaba evela kwinkampu yaseTaiwan eluhlaza, evuleleke ngakumbi kubudlelwane obusondeleyo ne China, kunye nenkampu yayo eluhlaza. icinezele ukuzimela kweTaiwan.
Amajelo eendaba e-pro-blue agxininise ukuba aba bathathu yayingabakhenkethi abasuka kwiinqwelomoya ezithe ngqo, ngelixa i-pro-green media idlala phantsi loo mahluko, utshilo u-Chen.
“Amajelo eendaba apha ahlala esilwa iimbono zomnye nomnye kwaye iingxelo zabo zibonisa imbono yabo,” utshilo uChen, ovumileyo ukuba yena nabanye abakhenkethi nangona bebekuthanda ukufunda amaphephandaba asekuhlaleni kuhambo lwabo.
Nangona abahlalutyi bakholelwa ukuba kukufutshane ukuba batsho ukuba ukwanda koqhagamshelwano kuya kuba nefuthe kubudlelwane bezopolitiko phakathi kwala macala mabini, ixesha elitsha lobudlelwane baseTshayina-Taiwan buqalile.
“Ubuncinci baya kuthelekisa ukuba kutheni iTaiwan inje, neTshayina inje. Kwaye eminye iyantlukwano iya kunxulumana neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zopolitiko,” utshilo uKou.
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