Iinqwelomoya zombane kunye neenyosi ezinkulu azikwazi ukubhabha

1. Ezi zincinci ukuze zingadingi nomgaqo-nkqubo omtsha wokubhabha.
2. Bavele bakope indlela yeTesla neemoto ezantsi apha ngezantsi.
3. Kwingxelo ye-IDTechEx, "Iinqwelo-mafutha zoMbane eziSebenzayo: iSixeko esiSmart kunye noMmandla 2021-2041," ezi nqwelo-moya zinamaphiko azinzileyo zombane kunye nohlalutyo lwamandla amatsha ombane okuhamba nkqo kunye nokuyilwa kweenqwelomoya.

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Umamkeli wenkqubela phambili encinci uhlala ephindaphindeka. Ukuphuculwa kwe-10% ezimbini kuxhamla nge-21% kwaye ukhetho lokuphucula lukhulu. Abantu bacinga gwenxa ukuba iTesla ifumana uluhlu lwerekhodi kwibhetri engcono, kodwa ngokubaluleka ngokulinganayo kukhuselekile ukuqhuba ibhetri kufutshane nomda wayo, isuse amawaka eendawo, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha. Uluhlu lwanqweneleka nangakumbi ngeenqwelomoya ezincinci kuba uluhlu yinto yokhuselo, ke ii-aviators zikwafuna into eyi-0.2 yokudonsa, isuse ikhilomitha enye yekhabhathi, amakhulu ezinto, kunye neemoto ezingasebenziyo kunye namandla ombane.

Bajongane nenyani, abo babhanxa ngeenqwelo-moya ezincinci zombane ngoku bajonga ngakumbi iinqwelomoya zombane kunye nokususa nkqo kungenakwenzeka. Banendawo ethile, kuba okwangoku sikwixesha elingenangqondo apho uninzi lwezindululo ezingenangqondo zitsala ishawa yemali kubatyali-zimali abazivale amehlo benethemba leTesla elandelayo. Iingcali ze-theoretic zazinelungelo lokuchaza ukuba uyilo olunye kunye ne-thruster kwiphiko ngalinye lephiko kwaye akukho nto iphakathi eya kuthi izikhusele esibhakabhakeni xa enye isilele. Banelungelo lokulumkisa ukuba ngamalungu akhoyo ngoku, uninzi lwe-VTOL ye-multirotor iwa esibhakabhakeni kwimizuzu engama-60 ukusuka kwindawo yokuhamba-akukho glide kwaye nkqu nokuthunyelwa kweparashute kobo bude. Uqoqosho lweeteksi zomoya lwesiXeko lubuzwa ngokufanelekileyo kule ngxelo, "Iiteksi Zomoya: Ukuma nkqo kombane kunye nokuHamba ngeenqwelo moya ngo-2021-2041."  

Uninzi luye kwi-VTOL ngamaphiko amileyo, ukuze ke lubhabhe njengeenqwelo-moya eziqhelekileyo ixesha elininzi, lunyamezele ixesha elide, kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, lubhabhe kwimeko engxamisekileyo. Omnye umzekelo kukuqalisa kwe-Vertical Aerospace yase-UK ejikeleza kwi- $ 2.2 yezigidigidi ngokulandela iVirgin Atlantic kunye neAmerican Airlines zibeka ii-odolo ze-1,000 yephiko layo i-VTOL- iibhiliyoni zeedola nangona kungekho nto isemoyeni.

Ulwahlulo lweehelikopta zisebenza ngokukuko kwindiza ethe nkqo kodwa ngaphandle kokuphindaphindeka kunye nokuzinza emoyeni. Bayanceda ekwakheni izakhiwo eziphakamileyo, ezijikeleza kangangeyure enye ngexesha. Akukho bhetri i-VTOL enokuyenza loo nto: kufuneka bajongane neemeko ezincinci zeshishini lokuhambisa phezulu.

Emuva kunye nokuhamba okuqhelekileyo kunye nokufika kwenqwelomoya ezinamaphiko, kukho izibalo ezinjenge-bumblebee ezilumkisa ukuba akukho nanye kwezi nguqu zicwangcisiweyo ze-8 ukuya kwezili-100 ezithembisiwe ngo-2026-2030. Basebenzisa ii-equation ezingalunganga kuba u-2 usebenzisa umgaqo owahlukileyo wesiphumo somhlaba kwaye abanye abaninzi basebenzisa umgaqo omtsha wokusasaza i-DT, ebandakanya abaqhubi abaninzi ecaleni kwephiko. I-DT kuthetha ukuhanjiswa kweeflaps kunye nepesenti enkulu yobunzima, indawo, indleko yezinto eziphathekayo, ukutsala, kunye nobude beendlela. Ukubala kwe-NASA kunye ne-DLR kunye novavanyo kukuxhasa oku. United Airlines uceba ukumilisela inqwelo-moya yombane ngowama-2026.

I-naysayers nayo ayilunganga kuba bayayityeshela "yonke into encinci encedisayo" indlela yenqwelomoya enkulu. Umzekelo, inqwelomoya yanamhlanje engcolisa inqwelomoya ine-30 km ye-wiring kunye ne-drag factor kodwa umntu ozelwe ngombane ufana neTesla. Uluhlu lweTesla luza kakhulu ukusuka kubrake wokuzihlaziya kwaye iinqwelo moya ezilinganayo zijikisa ukubuyela kwinzala kunye neevili eziphinda zihlaziyeke kumhlaba wokufika. Ewe, iivili ezinamandla zinokwenza iteksi yenqwelomoya yombane kunye nokunduluka kusebenze ngakumbi.  

Makhe siqwalasele umzekelo omnye. I-Aye Aerospace ine-odolo ezingaphezulu kwe-720- ngaphezulu kwe- $ 250 yezigidi, kunye nokuhanjiswa malunga nokuqala-ukusuka kwizikolo ezibhabhayo kunye nabaqhubi beeteksi zomoya ngenqwelomoya yeebhetri ezimbini kunye nezihlalo ezine onokuthi uvavanye ukubhabha namhlanje. Kutshanje ibhengeze i-2-abakhweli bebhetri-yombane wenqwelo moya yombane kwindawo efanayo "yexabiso eliphantsi elipheleleyo lendleko zobunini", kodwa uluhlu lwe-4 nm (ulayishiwe) lwabhengezwa njengokuxhomekeka kubambiswano ne-Oxis Energy yebhetri entsha. I-naysayers yancwina xa i-Oxis yaya kwangoko isisu. Nangona kunjalo, isigebenga se-LGChem sikwixesha elifanayo ukubonelela ngebhetri efanayo kwaye, njengoTesla, Bye akazange axhomekeke kwibhetri enye. Benza umsebenzi wokukrala kulo lonke uphuculo oluncinci. Le miba ilandelayo yenkcazo ityhila ezinye zezi zinto kunye neempawu zokhuseleko ezininzi nangaphaya kwe-glide yayo ende, inkqubo ye-autolanding engxamisekileyo kunye neparachute yenqwelomoya.  

Uyilo lwe-eFlyer 800 intsha ngokupheleleyo ukusuka kwincam ukuya emsileni. Ukusebenza kweAerodynamic kukuphinda kabini ukubhabha kwenqwelomoya yelifa elinobukhulu obufanayo- ukusebenza ngokukuko kwenkqubo yokusebenza ngokuqhuba kakuhle kweemoto kunye nokutsala okupholileyo, ii-motor zombane ezixhonywe ngamaphiko ezi-2 nganye inamajiko-mbane aphindaphindiweyo eemoto kunye neepakethe zebhetri ezingafunekiyo. Ukunyuka kwamanqanaba athobekileyo kunikezelwa ngokuzikhethela kwamandla iiseli zelanga (mhlawumbi ibakala lesathelayithi abaye balilinga-kuvelisa umbane ophindaphindiweyo weemoto zelanga kunye neenqwelo moya) kunye neteksi yombane.

I-Jet It, kunye ne-JetClub, iinkampani ezingabanini bobunini boomasipala eMntla Melika nase-Europe ngokwahlukeneyo, batyikitye isivumelwano sokuthengwa kweenqwelo moya ze-eFlyer 800. Ukongeza, i-L3Harris Technologies kunye ne-Bye Aerospace batyikitye isivumelwano sokukhulisa amandla ombane, eyahlukeneyo eya kuthi ibonelele ngobukrelekrele, ukubekwa kweliso, kunye nokubona kwakhona (ISR).

Okwangoku, i-Bye Aerospace ayenzi i-bumblebee ngomgaqo omtsha wokubhabha, kodwa inokongeza ukuhanjiswa okusasazwayo ngexesha lokukhetha kwayo. Okwangoku, zonke iinqwelo-moya zombane ezihamba ngenqwelomoya zenyuka ngokukhawuleza kunokuba zingcoliswe ziqhutywa yipropeller kanye neTeslas ikhawulezisa ngokukhawuleza. Lumka uthethe ukuba akukho bhetri ishishini-okanye inqwelomoya yenqwelomoya inokubhabha. Kukho inyosi enkulu encumisayo evela phezulu.