Abantu baseMelika baziva njani ngoku malunga nenkululeko yokuthetha?

Kwisikhumbuzo sonyaka omnye wovukelo lweCapitol yase-US, uphononongo olutsha lubonelela ngeembono ezingazange zibonwe ngaphambili ngendlela abantu baseMelika ababona ngayo kwaye bafumane amalungelo abo oLungiso lokuQala. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba phantse bonke abantu baseMelika bayakuqonda ukubaluleka kwentetho yamahhala kwidemokhrasi enempilo kwaye uninzi luvakalelwa kukuba iSihlomelo sokuQala sikhusela abantu abafana nabo. Kwangelo xesha, uphononongo lutyhila apho abantu baseMelika bengavumelani kwimiba yokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo kuluntu lwasemva kowama-2020.

Iziphumo zisekelwe kuphando olumele ilizwe lwabantu abadala abangaphezu kwama-4,000 olwaqhutywa yinkampani yophando lwezimvo zoluntu i-Ipsos. Ingxelo - "Ukuchazwa kwaMahala eMelika emva kwe-2020," inxalenye ye-Knight Free Expression (KFX) yoPhando lwe-Series - imele i-accounting ebanzi yoluvo loluntu malunga nokuvakalisa ngokukhululekileyo namhlanje. Yakha kwipotfoliyo ye-Knight Foundation ye-18 yeminyaka yophando ephonononga iimbono zabafundi ngentetho ekhululekileyo kunye nokuvakalisa.

Ukongeza ekuvezeni isivumelwano esixhaphakileyo kwimigaqo yokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo, uphando lubonisa apho iimbono zabantu baseMelika zahlukana khona - ngakumbi xa bexhalabele iimbono zeziganeko zeendaba eziphakamileyo ezifana nokuvukelwa kwe-6 kaJanuwari, uqhanqalazo lobulungisa bobuhlanga olwatshayela isizwe. ngehlobo lika-2020 kunye nokusasazeka kolwazi olungelulo lwe-COVID-19.

Ngokubanzi, uphando lubonisa ukuba uninzi lwabantu baseMelika babeka ixabiso eliphezulu kwimigaqo yokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo:

• Bangaphezu kwesithoba kubantu baseMerika abali-10 (91%) bayavuma ukuba “ukukhusela intetho ekhululekileyo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yedemokhrasi yaseMelika.”

• Ngokufanayo, ama-90 ekhulwini aseMerika ayavuma ukuba “abantu bafanele bavunyelwe ukuba baveze iimbono ezingathandwayo.”

• Uninzi olubalulekileyo lukholelwa ukuba “amalungelo okuthetha ngokukhululekileyo anceda amaqela angahoywanga ukuba aviwe” (86%) kwaye “ukuba neembono ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa nezo zibi okanye zikhubekisayo kwabanye, kukhuthaza ingxoxo ephilileyo eluntwini” (77%).

Nangona esi sivumelwano sixhaphakileyo, uphononongo lubonisa ukuba abaninzi baseMelika banenkxalabo malunga nemeko yokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo kuluntu namhlanje. Ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sabantu baseMelika (45%) bakholelwa ukuba intetho yamahhala ikhuselekile. Iidemokhrasi (61%) zinokwenzeka ngokuphindwe kabini njengamaRiphabhlikhi (28%) ukukholelwa ukuba amalungelo okuthetha ngokukhululekileyo akhuselekile, kunye nabazimeleyo behla phakathi kwi-43%.

Xa bengavumelani kwimiba yoLungiso lokuQala, amava aseMelika oSihlomelo sokuQala ahluke ngokubandakanyeka kunye nangobuhlanga:

• Abantu baseMelika bakholelwa kakhulu ukuba ukungena kwi-Capitol ukuphazamisa isiqinisekiso sonyulo luka-2020 yayingeyondlela yokubonakalisa ngokusemthethweni amalungelo oLungiso lokuQala. Kuphela i-22% yabantu baseMelika bavumile ukuba lo msebenzi wawusemthethweni, kunye namaRiphabhlikhi (33%) kunokwenzeka ukuba babambe le mbono kunabazimeleyo (23%) okanye iDemocrats (12%).

• Uninzi lwabantu baseMelika (73%) bakholelwa ukuba abantu abathatha inxaxheba kuqhanqalazo lokungabikho kokusesikweni ngokobuhlanga ngehlobo lika-2020 babevakalisa ngokusemthethweni amalungelo abo oLungiso lokuQala. Uninzi lwabantu baseRiphabhlikhi (56%) bayavuma, nangona eso sabelo sisincinci kakhulu kunabantu abazimeleyo (75%) okanye iDemocrats (85%).

• Kuphela yi-30% yabantu baseMelika abakholelwa ukuba ukusasaza ulwazi olungelulo lwesitofu sokugonya se-COVID-19 yindlela esemthethweni yokuvakalisa amalungelo oLungiso lokuQala. Kodwa phakathi kwamaRiphabhlikhi, elo nani linyukela kwi-44%, kwaye liwela kwi-20% phakathi kweeDemokhrasi. Abazimeleyo basondele kumyinge we-29%.

• Uninzi lwabantu lukholelwa ukuba amanye amaqela anexesha elilula lokusebenzisa amalungelo awo enkululeko yokuthetha ngaphandle kweziphumo kunokuba benza. Ngokomzekelo, iiDemokhrasi zibona abagcini bexesha elilula, ngelixa abantu baseRiphabhlikhi bakholelwa ukuba amaqela amancinci, anjengabantu abaMnyama, i-Hispanic, i-Asiya, okanye i-LGBTQ abantu, banexesha elilula kunabantu abamhlophe, abagciniweyo, okanye abantu abafana nabo.

• Ngelixa iyonke i-84% yabantu baseMelika beziva ukuba isiHlomelo sokuQala sikhusela abantu abafana nabo, kuphela yi-61% yabantu abamnyama baseMelika abaziva ngale ndlela.

Xa zidibene, ezi ziphumo zicebisa isizwe esiphantse samanyaniswa kwinkolelo yokuba inkululeko yokuthetha ingundoqo kwidemokhrasi yaseMelika kodwa yahlulwe ngeendlela imigaqo-nkqubo yokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ekufuneka isetyenziswe kwaye ikhuselwe kwinkulungwane yama-21.

"Ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo zigxininisa kuzo zombini izinto ezifanayo kunye nomsantsa kuluntu lwaseMelika emva kowama-2020, unyaka wemisitho ephambili enenkululeko yokuvakalisa eyona nto iphambili," utshilo uAlberto Ibargüen, umongameli weKnight Foundation. “I-Knight ivavanya inkululeko yokuthetha kuba ibalulekile ekwakheni uluntu olomeleleyo kunye nedemokhrasi esempilweni. Olu pho nonongo lubonisa ukuba nangona abantu baseMelika babelana kwaye bexabisa ilungelo elisisiseko lokuzibonakalisa, ngamanye amaxesha asivumelani malunga nokuba zeziphi iintlobo zentetho ezisemthethweni kwi-24 / 7 yoluntu lwedijithali. "

Uthotho loPhando lwe-KFX lubonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo ukunceda abafundisi-ntsapho, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkampani zabucala ukuba baqonde indlela iimbono zabantu baseMelika malunga nemigaqo yokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ezitshintsha ngayo kwixesha lotshintsho olukhulu lwentlalo noluntu. NjengeSiseko esineengcambu ezomeleleyo kubuntatheli basekhaya, intetho ekhululekileyo kunye nenkululeko yokushicilela zingundoqo kuthumo lukaKnight lokukhuthaza uluntu olunolwazi nolubandakanyekayo.

“Iimbono zaseMelika ngokuphathelele intetho azifani, kodwa zisekelwe kwiimvelaphi namava ethu awahlukahlukeneyo,” watsho uEvette Alexander, umalathisi weKnight weLearning and Impact. "Ukutyhila amanqaku eendawo ezifanayo kunye nokungavisisani phakathi kwamaqela ahlukeneyo ezopolitiko kunye neentlanga kunokunceda ukubumba kunye nokwazisa incoko ngale miba ibalulekileyo."