The Umbutho wamazwe ngamazwe oThutho loMoya (IATA), ngokubambisana ne-Global Shippers Forum (GSF), i-International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations (FIATA) kunye ne-International Air Cargo Association (TIACA), bandisa iinzame zabo zokuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa komoya okukhuselekileyo kweebhetri ze-lithium. Le mibutho ikwahlaziya iminxeba yokuba oorhulumente bacinezele abavelisi beebhetri zomgunyathi kunye nokuthunyelwa ngokungafanelekanga nokungahambelaniyo nezingeniswa kwikhonkco lokubonelela, ngokukhupha kunye nokunyanzelisa izohlwayo zolwaphulo-mthetho kwabo banoxanduva.
Imfuno yabathengi yeebhetri ze-lithium ikhula nge-17% ngonyaka. Ngalo, inani leziganeko ezibandakanya ibhetri ye-lithium engachazwanga okanye engachazwanga nayo iphakame.
“Impahla eyingozi, kuquka iibhetri ze-lithium, zikhuselekile ukuba zithuthwe ukuba zilawulwa ngokwemigaqo nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe. Kodwa sibona ukwanda kweziganeko apho abahambi ngenqanawa abangathobeliyo. Ishishini liyamanyana ukwazisa ngemfuneko yokuthotyelwa. Oku kuquka ukuphehlelelwa kwesixhobo sokunika ingxelo ngesiganeko ukuze kwabelwane ngolwazi malunga nabathumbi abakhohlakeleyo. Kwaye sicela oorhulumente ukuba baqine ngakumbi ngezohlwayo kunye nezohlwayo, utshilo uNick Careen, uSekela Mongameli oPhezulu we-IATA, kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya, abakhweli, iCargo kunye noKhuseleko.
Eli phulo libandakanya amaphulo amathathu;
• Ingxelo yesiganeko esitsha kunye nenkqubo yesilumkiso kwiinkampani zeenqwelomoya: Iqonga lokwabelana ngolwazi loshishino lisungulwe ukujolisa kwiimpahla ezichazwe gwenxa zeebhetri ze-lithium. Inkqubo yokunika ingxelo iya kuvumela ulwazi lwexesha lokwenyani malunga neziganeko zeempahla eziyingozi ukuba zixelwe ukuze kuchongwe kwaye kupheliswe izenzo zokufihlwa ngabom kunye nokuchazwa kakubi.
• Iphulo lokwazisa ngeshishini ngeengozi zokuthumela ngenqanawa iibhetri ze-lithium ezingachazwanga nezichazwe phosakeleyo: Uthotho lweesemina zokwazisa ngempahla eyingozi zibanjwa kwihlabathi liphela zijolise kumazwe nakwimimandla apho ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo bekusoloko kungumngeni. Ukongeza, inkqubo yokufundisa nokwazisa abasemagunyeni kwimpahla yempahla engenayo iye yaphuhliswa ngentsebenziswano noMbutho weHlabathi wokuThunyelwa kweZinto (World Customs Organization) (WCO).
• Ukuququzelelwa kwendlela edibeneyo yoshishino: Ushishino lubeke inkxaso yalo emva kwenyathelo elaziswa yi-United Kingdom, New Zealand, France kunye ne-Netherlands kwiNdibano yakutsha nje ye-UN's International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) efuna ukwamkelwa indlela ye-cross-domain ukubandakanya ukhuseleko lwe-aviation, imigangatho yokuvelisa, izithethe kunye nee-arhente zokukhusela abathengi. Okwangoku imithwalo yomoya iskenwa kwizinto ezibeka umngcipheko kukhuseleko ezifana neziqhushumbisi, kodwa hayi ukhuseleko olufana neebhetri ze-lithium.
Oorhulumente bakwafanele badlale indima yabo ngokunyanzeliswa ngqongqo ngakumbi kwemigaqo yamazwe ngamazwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwezi mpahla zithunyelwayo zibalulekileyo. Imibutho emine yokurhweba ikhuthaza abalawuli ukuba balandele ngeentlawulo ezibalulekileyo kunye nezohlwayo kulabo abathintela imimiselo yokuthutha iibhetri ze-lithium.
“Ukhuseleko yeyona nto iphambili kwinqwelomoya. Iinqwelomoya, abathumeli kunye nabavelisi baye basebenza nzima ukuseka imithetho eqinisekisa ukuba iibhetri ze-lithium zinokuthwalwa ngokukhuselekileyo. Kodwa imigaqo isebenza kuphela ukuba inyanzeliswa kwaye ixhaswa zizohlwayo ezibalulekileyo. Amagunya karhulumente kufuneka aqinise kwaye athathe uxanduva lokunqanda abavelisi abakhohlakeleyo kunye nabathengisi ngaphandle. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwemithetho yokuthumela iimpahla ezinobungozi, ebeka ukhuseleko lwenqwelomoya kunye nabakhweli emngciphekweni, kufuneka kube lulwaphulo-mthetho,” utshilo uGlyn Hughes, intloko ye-IATA ye-Global Cargo.
"Sibone umdla omkhulu kubalawuli malunga nomba weebhetri ze-lithium kungekudala, kwaye iye yanceda ukuphucula imeko. Sicela oorhulumente babeke le ngxaki kwakhona phezulu kwii-ajenda zabo, "utshilo uVladimir Zubkov, uNobhala Jikelele, i-International Air Cargo Association (TIACA).
“Abahambi ngenqanawa abanoxanduva baxhomekeke ekunyanzeliseni kukarhulumente imigangatho ukukhusela utyalo-mali lwabo kuqeqesho kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo. Uthutho lomoya luhlala likhonkco elibalulekileyo kwiikhonkco zamazwe ngamazwe kwaye kubalulekile ukuba imithetho yokuqinisekisa ukuhamba ngokukhuselekileyo kwayo yonke imithwalo iyaqondwa kwaye iqhutywe ngawo onke amaqela abandakanyekayo, "utshilo uJames Hookham, uNobhala Jikelele, i-Global Shippers Forum (GSF) .
“Ukusetyenziswa okwandayo kweebhetri ze-lithium kudityaniswe nokukhula kobonelelo lwe-e-commerce kunye nemfuno kubeka elubala ikhonkco lokubonelela ngempahla yomoya kumngcipheko omkhulu weempahla ezingachazwanga okanye ezichazwe gwenxa. Siyabaxhasa abalawuli abanyanzelisa ukuthotyelwa okungqongqo kwimigangatho yokuthotyelwa esekiweyo,” utshilo uMnu. Keshav Tanner, uSihlalo we-FIATA's Airfreight Institute.
Abakhweli abahamba ngeebhetri zeLithium
Iibhetri zeLithium ezithwalwa ngabakhweli zihlala zijolise kukhuseleko kwiinqwelomoya. I-Portable Electronic Devices (PEDs) isikhokelo siyafumaneka kubahambi ngeelwimi ezisibhozo esichaza ukuba zeziphi izinto emazipakishwe kumthwalo ohamba nawo.
