Zonke iinqwelomoya zeenqwelo moya ziyahamba ngaphandle kwempazamo zexesha elidlulileyo

Njengabanye abahambi bezoshishino, inkwenkwezi yomculo we-bluegrass u-Alison Krauss kunye nebhendi yakhe babethwa ngamakhubalo e-airline yodidi lweshishini lonke.

"Inkonzo kunye nokutya kuyamangalisa, kwaye izihlalo zikhululekile," kusho umphathi wezokhenketho uDavid Norman, oye wahamba ngenqwelomoya kule nyanga kunye neemvumi zaseSilverjet ukusuka eNewark ukuya eLondon ukuqalisa ukhenketho lwaseYurophu kunye nowayesakuba yimvumi ephambili yeLed Zeppelin uRobert Plant. . Kwakukho izihlalo ezili-100 kuphela, yaye uAlison nabanye babelithanda igumbi lokuhlambela lamabhinqa kuphela.”

Ngaphandle kwamaxabiso amatikiti aphezulu, inqwelo moya yodidi lwe-premium-class ithetha umhlaba kubahambi beshishini ngexesha lokukhula kokunganeliseki kwabathengi ngabathwali abaninzi. Iifrills kunye nentuthuzelo efana nabadlali bevidiyo ngabanye, ukutya okutsha, iwayini elimnandi, izihlalo ezibanzi kunye neendawo ezininzi zemilenze kunokukhokelela abahambi ukuba bakhwele amawaka etikiti ngetikiti (inqwelomoya yokuya nokubuya eSilverjet phakathi kweNewark neLondon kwinyanga ezayo iqala malunga ne-$ 2,800) .

Kodwa kumashumi eminyaka, abahambi babone enye inqwelomoya yodidi lweshishini emva kwenye ihamba ngesisu.

Kwinyanga ephelileyo, umthwali we-Atlantiki u-Eos waba lixhoba lamva nje, wayeka iinqwelomoya emva kweenyanga ezili-18 zokusebenza kunye nokufaka ukhuseleko kwinkundla. NgoDisemba, imbangi ye-Atlantiki uMaxjet wayeka ukubhabha - kwiinyanga ezili-13 emva kokubhabha kwakhe kokuqala.

I-Silverjet iye yanqumamisa urhwebo lwesitokhwe sayo kwiveki ephelileyo njengoko ibifuna imali yotyalo-mali ukuze iqhubeke ibhabha. Akukho nqwelomoya zirhoxisiwe, kwaye inqwelomoya ilindele ukubhengeza ngoLwesine ukuba ifumene imali enkulu, utshilo isithethi uGreg Maliczyszyn.

Ubunzima bezemali abuzange bubonise ukuphela kweenqwelo-moya ze-premium-class. Ukongeza kwiSilverjet yaseNgilani, iL'Avion yaseFransi ibhabhela e-USA. I-Primaris Airlines ilindele ukuqalisa iinqwelomoya ezicwangcisiweyo "zodidi lochwephesha" ukusuka eNew York ukuya kwizixeko ezithathu kulo nyaka uzayo.

Iinqwelomoya ezinkulu nazo zithandeka ngakumbi ngenkonzo ye-premium-class. Iinqwelomoya ezine zaseYurophu - iLufthansa, iSwitzerland, iKLM kunye ne-Air France- zibonelela ngeenqwelomoya zodidi lwamashishini zonke eziya e-USA. Iinqwelomoya ziqhutywa yiPrivatAir, eseGeneva.

Kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo, i-Singapore Airlines yasungula iinqwelomoya zokuqala zodidi lweshishini phakathi koMntla Merika kunye neAsia. Kwinyanga ezayo, iBritish Airways encedisa i-OpenSkies iceba ukuqalisa iinqwelomoya zaseNew York-Paris nge-Boeing 757 jet elungiselelwe ngaphezulu kwe-60% yezihlalo zeeflaya zodidi lweshishini.

Iingcali ezininzi zeenqwelo moya zithi kunokusebenzela iinqwelomoya ukuba zibonelele ngenkonzo ye-premium kwezinye iindlela, kodwa imbono yokwenza imali ngeshishini lonke okanye inkonzo yodidi lokuqala iyahlekisa. Babhekisela kumangcwaba e-premium-class apho amangcwaba ayizikhumbuzo zeenqwelo-moya ze-US ezihlala ixesha elifutshane njenge-Air One, i-Air Atlanta, i-McClain, i-Regent, i-MGM Grand kunye ne-Legend.

UBarbara Beyer, umongameli weAvmark, umcebisi weenqwelo-moya eVienna, uVa uthi: “Akukho mntu ufunda kwiimpazamo zangaphambili.” Uthi uninzi lwabathwali beenqwelo-moya abakudidi oluphezulu olwasilelayo lwalungenamali, yaye akukho nalunye olwalusondele kwimpumelelo.

Umbhali-mbali ngeenqwelo-moya uRonald Davies uthi, iinqwelo-moya zodidi lwamashishini zidla ngokuqalwa ngoosomashishini abazizityebi “abacinga ukuba kukho “izigidi zabanye abantu abazizityebi ezifuna ukuhamba ngenqwelo-moya ezikhethekileyo.”

Oosomashishini abazizityebi bathobela kuphela uphando lwemarike oluvumelana “nengcamango yabo” kwaye balutyeshele uphando olubonisa ukuba akukho bakhweli baneleyo ukuba bazalise iinqwelo-moya zabo rhoqo, utsho uDavies, umgcini wezithuthi zomoya kwiMyuziyam yeSizwe yoMoya neSikhathi yeSmithsonian.

Uninzi lwabatyali-mali kuzo zonke iinqwelo-moya zodidi lweshishini zihamba ishishini- okanye elikumgangatho wokuqala, kwaye “njengoluvo lokuba abazukuhamba ne-riffraff,” utshilo uBeyer. “Nangona kunjalo, ngumva webhasi ohlawula uninzi lweendleko zokusebenza.”

Ukhuphiswano luyanyuka

UPaul Dempsey, unjingalwazi womoya kunye nomthetho wendawo kwiYunivesithi yaseMcGill yaseMontreal, uthi iinqwelomoya zodidi lwamashishini zinengxaki yokukhuphisana neshishini leenqwelomoya ezinkulu kunye neemveliso zodidi lokuqala. Iinqwelomoya ezinkulu zibonelela ngenqwelomoya rhoqo kwizixeko ezininzi kwaye "zinabathengi abakwinqanaba eliphezulu elikhoboka lenkqubo yabo yokubhabha rhoqo."

I-Legend yase-Dallas yadibana nokhuphiswano oluqatha oluvela kwi-American Airlines (AMR) kwaye yayilahlekelwa yi-1 yezigidi zeedola ngeveki xa iijethi zayo ezithwala abantu abayi-56 ezinezihlalo zesikhumba, inkonzo ye-TV ye-satellite kunye nezidlo zodidi lokuqala zayeka ukubhabha ngoDisemba 2000. Abaphathi bamabali bathi i-airline nayo yonzakele ngeendleko eziphezulu zokuqalisa, kubandakanywa iindleko zokulwa amatyala yi-American kunye nesixeko saseFort Worth, esijolise ekuthinteleni ukuqala kwayo.

“Iinqwelo-moya ezicwangcisiweyo azizukuhlala emva kwaye zivumele i-Regent okanye i-Eos, okanye nayiphi na inqwelomoya entsha, ithathe ukhilimu wokuhamba kwayo: umthengi weshishini ohlawula kakhulu,” utshilo uDavies. “Baya kuphendula.”

UDarin Lee, umcebisi wenqwelomoya ye-LECG, yaseCambridge, Mass., uthi akaqinisekanga ukuba kukho “naziphi na iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo” ezikhokelele ekubhubheni kwenqwelomoya nganye ekudidi lwamashishini.

I-Eos, i-Maxjet, i-Silverjet kunye ne-L'Avion zibonise ukuba kukho i-traffic eyaneleyo "kwinani elikhethiweyo" leendlela ezidlulayo kwi-Atlantiki ukuxhasa inqwelomoya yodidi lwamashishini onke, u-Lee uthi.

Abathwali abanjalo banethuba elingcono lokuphumelela ukuba benza isivumelwano sentengiso kunye nenqwelomoya esekiweyo kunye nenkqubo yayo yokuhamba rhoqo, utshilo.

UDavid Spurlock, umseki kunye negosa eliyintloko lezorhwebo le-Eos, uthi ukukhula kwengeniso "kwakuyinto emangalisayo," kwaye isicwangciso soshishino sasilungile. U-Eos wathwala abakhweli abangama-48,000 kulo nyaka uphelileyo kwaye wayesebenza ngeenqwelomoya ezintathu zaseNew York-London yonke imihla ngaphambi kokuba abhengeze kwinyanga ephelileyo ukuba "ayinamali yaneleyo yokuqhubeka nokusebenza."

Ukukwazi kwenkampani yeenqwelo moya ukufumana izivumelwano zezimali “zomile” kwezi nyanga zintlanu okanye ezintandathu zidlulileyo, utshilo uSpurlock, ngenxa yokudodobala kwemarike yetyala. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso e-jet fuel kukwayonakalisa kakhulu i-Eos kwaye kwenza abatyali-mali abanokubakho "balondoloze ngakumbi."

UDempsey, okwakwibhodi yeFrontier Airlines, uthi "ibali lempumelelo elibalulekileyo kuphela" yayiyiMidwest Express Airlines, inkampani yothungelwano yodidi lweshishini eyasungulwa ngoomatshini bephepha uKimberly-Clark ngo-1984. kwaphakwa izidlo ezifana nelobster kunye nenyama yenkomo iWellington eTshayina ngeenapkins zelinen.

I-airline, eyathengiswa nguKimberly-Clark kwaye ngoku eyaziwa ngokuba yiMidwest, (MEH) yahlala yonke i-shishini-class kwaze kwaba ngu-2003. Yaqonda, utsho iGosa eliyiNtloko leNtengiso uScott Dickson, ukuba indiza yonke-iklasi yeshishini ukuya kwiindawo ezifana IFlorida kunye neArizona "yayingenaqoqosho" kwaye yaqala ukunika izihlalo zabaqeqeshi. I-Midwest ngoku ineenqwelomoya zodidi lwamashishini zonke eziya kwizixeko ezikhulu, kodwa zonke iinqwelomoya ziya kuba ngumqeqeshi kuphela ukuqala ngoSeptemba.

“Ngamaxabiso epetroli aphezulu, kuye kwafuneka ukuba siyilungise indlela yethu,” utshilo uDickson. "Kufuneka sibeke izihlalo ezininzi kwiinqwelomoya ukuze sifumane ingeniso eninzi kunye neendleko eziphantsi zabathengi."

Umcebisi ngenqwelomoya uMichael Boyd uthi “akukho ntengiso” yenqwelo moya yodidi lwamashishini e-USA. Kodwa ukholelwa ukuba abathwali bamazwe angaphandle abanje ngeSingapore kunye neLufthansa, abasebenzisa iinqwelomoya ezimbalwa zodidi lwamashishini kwiindlela ezikhethiweyo, baya kuphumelela. UBoyd, umongameli weThe Boyd Group e-Evergreen, eColo uthi: “Azizonqwelo-moya ezikudidi lwamashishini.” Zisuka nje zibashenxise abakhweli bazo bephuma kumphambili wenqwelo-moya i-Boeing 747 bebasa kwinqwelo-moya yodidi lwamashishini. .”

Ukuthula kuxatyiswe

Abahamba ngenqwelo moya rhoqo, abanjengoMickey David waseHouston, banqwenela ukuba kubekho ikamva eliqaqambileyo kwiinqwelo-moya ezikudidi lwamashishini onke. Iinqwelo-moya zabo “azigcwalanga ngabantwana ababalekayo nabalilayo,” utsho njalo umphathi wenkampani yezixhobo zonyango eyakhwela inqwelo-moya e-Eos isiya eLondon. Imekobume izolile, yaye ndiyazilungiselela iintlanganiso zam.”

Umhambi ngezoshishino rhoqo uMike Bach, umcebisi e-Livingston, eTexas, uthi angathanda ukubona iinqwelo-moya ezikudidi lwamashishini amaninzi kuba zenza iiflaya zizive zikhethekile kwaye zinika ubumfihlo. Uthi ubhabhe nge-Eos, i-Maxjet kunye ne-Silverjet kulo nyaka uphelileyo kwaye uyonwabele izihlalo ezithe tyaba, ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza ngokhuseleko, ukutya okungcono kunye nokukhetha okuhle kwemuvi. Ukhetha, nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo zeenqwelomoya ezomeleleyo ezihlala zibhabha.

I-Silverjet yazisa inkqubo ye-flier rhoqo ngo-Okthobha enenjongo yokurhweba iinkampani ngokunika uhambo olunye lwasimahla lokuya nokubuya kwi-10 nganye ethengiweyo. Zimalunga nama-2,000 iinkampani ezibhalisiweyo, utshilo uMaliczyszyn. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iinkqubo ezihamba rhoqo zeenqwelomoya, ezifuna umvuzo kunye namabhaso ukuba ahlale egameni lomntu ngamnye, inkqubo yeSilverjet ivumela iinkampani, okanye iintsapho, ukuba zidibanise iikhredithi zazo zokubhabha.

Ngaphandle koluhlu olude lokungaphumeleli kwiklasi yoshishino lwangaphambili, iSilverjet inokuphumelela kuba ibonelela "inkonzo yodidi lweshishini olwahlulwe kakhulu ngaphantsi kwe-50% yeentlawulo zabo bakhuphisana nabo," utshilo u-CEO uLawrence Hunt. "Ezinye iinqwelomoya ezikudidi lwamashishini zonke ziye zasilela ngenxa yokuba imali yazo ibiphezulu kakhulu okanye inkonzo yazo ibingentle."

UHunt uthi iSilverjet "isondele kwinzuzo" kwaye isandula ukufumana i-100 yezigidi zeedola kumtyali-mali ongachazwanga kwi-United Arab Emirates. Xa iSilverjet ibhengeza utyalo-mali nge-30 ka-Epreli, nangona kunjalo, umphathiswa wathi imali esebenza ngayo "yehlile kwaye iindawo ezishiyekileyo zilinganiselwe," kulandela ukunyuka kwexabiso lepetroli kunye "nokuqiniswa kweemeko zetyala kwishishini leenqwelomoya."

Ngeli xesha, ePrimaris, uSekela Mongameli oPhezulu uJames Mullen uthi inqwelomoya, ngoku esebenza ngenqwelomoya, "isondele kakhulu" ekufumaneni inkxaso-mali efunekayo ukuze iqalise inkonzo ecwangcisiweyo yodidi lwamashishini onke.

I-CEO yePrimaris uMark Morris wayefudula esisigqeba kwi-Air One, eyaqala iinqwelomoya zodidi lwamashishini onke ngo-Epreli 1983 kwaye yayeka ukubhabha ngo-Okthobha ka-1984. U-Mullen uthi “lixesha elahlukileyo kumjikelo wenqwelo-moya” kunaxa i-Air One yasilela.

Ngezicwangciso zokubhabha ukusuka eNew York ukuya eLos Angeles, eSan Francisco naseLima, ePeru, iPrimaris iqhayisa kwiwebhusayithi yayo ukuba “ayifani nayo nayiphi na enye” inqwelo-moya, ebonelela ngegumbi kunye nezinto eziluncedo zeklasi yeshishini ngamaxabiso aphantsi, alula, angabikho asterisk.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ithi iya kunika indawo engenamkhawulo yokuthwala imithwalo, izidlo ezinokuodolwa nanini na kwimenyu, kunye nerediyo yesathelayithi.

Isicwangciso asimchukumisi umcebisi ngezophapho uBoyd. Akakholelwa ukuba igama lebhrendi elitsha linalo naliphi na ithuba lokuphumelela, ngakumbi ngoku, xa amaxabiso ezithuthi eenqwelomoya aphezulu kunye noqoqosho oludodobala lusonakalisa iinqwelomoya ezaziwayo.

"Imodeli yodidi lwamashishini onke ayisebenzi," utshilo uBoyd. "Kuhlobo olutsha, oluzimeleyo, into yokuqala ngexesha lokuqalisa kukuqesha i-CEO, kwaye into yesibini kukuthumela umgcini kwigqwetha le-bankruptcy."

Nazi ezinye-ezingasebenziyo ngoku zonke-zoshishino okanye zonke zodidi lokuqala lweenqwelo moya zase-US. Abanye kusenokwenzeka ukuba baye banqumama, emva koko baphinda baqalisa ukubhabha, amaxesha amaninzi ngaphakathi kwemihla edwelisiweyo:

Inqwelomoya yenqwelomoya yokuqala Uhambo lwenqwelomoya Uncedo

I-Air Atlanta ngoFebruwari 1984 ngo-Epreli 1987 Izihlalo ezibanzi ngakumbi, izidlo kwiipleyiti zaseChina, amagumbi okuphumla aneziselo zasimahla, amaphephandaba kunye nenkonzo yomnxeba.

Air One April 1983 October 1984 oversize seats, foods on china plates, fine wine, one flight attendant for 20 abakhweli.

Eos October 2005 April 2008 21-square-foot suites with flat-bed seats, individual DVD player, champagne and fine wines, gourmet food, service helicopter service.

I-Legend April 2000 December 2000 Akukho mida yebhegi, izihlalo zesikhumba ezinemilenze eyongezelelweyo, iTV yesathelayithi ephilayo, indawo yokupaka i-valet.

Maxjet November 2005 December 2007 Deep-reclining, padded izihlalo zesikhumba kunye pitch 60-intshi, iinkqubo eziphathekayo zokuzonwabisa, gourmet izidlo.

McClain October 1986 February 1987 Iikhaphethi zePlush, izitulo zesikhumba ezibanzi, izidlo ezineekhosi ezisixhenxe, umnxeba kuzo zonke izitulo, iziselo zasimahla kunye namaphephandaba.

MGM Grand September 1987 December 1994 Abasebenzi benqwelomoya baseTuxedoed, izitulo zesikhumba kunye nevelvet ezijikeleze iitafile zecocktail, ibha ende, ubambo oluphambili kunye neshrimp scampi, amagumbi okuhlambela ebhastile anezindlu zangasese ezigqunywe ngofele.

I-Regent ngo-Oktobha 1983 ngoFebruwari 1986 i-Art Deco cabin, izitulo ezijikelezayo, iindawo zokulala zangasese, iilobster kunye ne-caviar, inkonzo ye-limo.

I-UltraAir ngoJanuwari 1993 kaJulayi 1993 Izihlalo zesikhumba, i-16-ounce steaks kunye nezinye izidlo ezidliwayo kwiiplate ze-china.

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