Umnxibelelanisi waseMpuma Afrika uProf. uGqirha Wolfgang H. Thome uhlale phantsi noMongameli waseZambia uRupiah Banda kwindibano ebisandula kubanjwa iMunyonyo Commonwealth Resort kudliwano-ndlebe oluthathe iyure yonke malunga neshishini lezokhenketho laseZambia.
eTN: Ndingaqale ndikubulele, Mnu. Mongameli, ngokunika ixesha lokuthetha ne-eTN malunga neshishini lezokhenketho eZambia. Ilizwe lakho labamba iSmart Partnership Dialogue yokugqibela kunyaka ophelileyo, leliphi ifuthe elabakho kuloo ntlanganiso kwaye zeziphi iinguqu ezenzekileyo okanye eziye zakhula eZambia ngenxa yoko?
UMongameli Rupiah Banda: Ngenene iSmart Partnership yokugqibela yabanjwa eZambia kunyaka ophelileyo. Ukusukela ngoko siye sabamba iinkomfa ezininzi, eziquka 'Indaba' nto leyo ethetha "ingqungquthela yabantu" ukuxoxa ngezisombululo ezikrelekrele kwiingxaki zoqoqosho eZambia ejongene nazo. Bangaphezu kwama-600 abantu ababezile, kuquka izithethi ezisuka eMauritius naseMalaysia, noMongameli weBhanki yeHlabathi, yaye oko kwavelisa imiphumo emihle. Ezinye iintlanganiso ezilandelelweyo zibone oogxa beentloko bamazwe besiza eZambia ukuze baxoxe ngokukodwa ngeziseko ezingundoqo kunye nokunciphisa into endiyibiza ngokuba kukuqhekeka phakathi kwamazwe ethu akummandla. Sijonge iindlela, iigridi zombane, izibonelelo zemida kunye nolawulo. Kule ntlanganiso samkele amahlakani ethu ophuhliso kunye nezihlobo ezisuka phesheya, kuquka i-USA, amazwe e-EU kunye namanye. Isiphumo ibe sisibhambathiso esingaphezulu kwe-US$1 yebhiliyoni kwinkxaso yophuhliso ukulungisa imfuno yokomeleza iziseko ezingundoqo ezidibanisa amazwe ethu. Njengorhulumente sikwapasise inani lemithetho eyilwayo evumelayo, kubandakanywa noMthetho osaYilwayo we-ICT, ukwandisa utyalo-mali kweli candelo kwaye sisuke kulawulo lukarhulumente siye kushishino lwabucala. Asithandi ukuqhubeka nokuxhasa amashishini karhulumente enza ilahleko ngoko ke sijonge kubuhlakani necandelo labucala.
çeTN: Yintoni ngokoluvo lwakho eyenza iZambia ibe yindawo eyodwa yokhenketho?
UMongameli Banda: IZambia yohluke kakhulu kwindawo ekuyo. Asinabamelwane abasibhozo, ngoko xa abantu bethetha “ngendawo,” iZambia iba ngomnye wabo. Esi sikhundla sejografi, sinikwe intaphane yemithombo yobutyebi. Oku kuyinyaniso kwizimbiwa, apho phantse zonke izimbiwa eziphambili zifunyanwa kwaye zembiwa eZambia, ngaphandle kwe-oyile, kodwa sisakhangela abatyali-mali kwela candelo. Kwakhona imitsalane yethu yendalo, imihlaba emikhulu phantse engekachukunyiswa, kubandakanywa iipaki ezininzi zezilwanyana, ezinabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-11 kuphela abahlala kwilizwe lethu. Sinemvula eyaneleyo yokugcina ezolimo, kwaye iindwendwe zinokufumana amachibi amaninzi kunye nemilambo kwilizwe lethu. Okona kubalulekileyo kukuba, eyona nto inomtsalane wethu ziiVictoria Falls uninzi lwazo eziseZambia. Sele sineepaki ezili-19 kunye nezilwanyana zezilwanyana ezininzi kunamazwe amaninzi aseAfrika kuquka “amakhulu amahlanu”. Umthetho uyazikhusela izilwanyana zasendle, ngoko abantu abeza eZambia banokubona amahlosi, ingonyama, iinyathi, iindlulamthi, iindlovu, iimvubu neengwenya ngaphandle kwengxaki. Kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu, sinoxolo kwilizwe lethu, iindwendwe zinokuya naphi na ngaphandle kokhuseleko olukhethekileyo kwaye azinakuzifumana zisengozini.
eTN: Ngayo yonke le mitsalane, yintoni ethintela abakhenkethi abaninzi ukuba bandwendwele iZambia, kukunqongophala kwenqwelomoya ezaneleyo eziya eLusaka, ngaba ziimali zokundwendwela ii-visa, iindleko zokungena epakini, i-bureaucracy kunye neendleko kwimida, ukungabikho kwentengiso? Apha eMpuma Afrika oorhulumente bethu bacuthe imali yokundwendwela i-visa kunye nemali yokungena epakini ukutsala abakhenkethi abaninzi, sithini isisombululo saseZambia.
UMongameli Banda: Into esiyenzayo kukulungisa ukunqongophala kolwazi kwihlabathi malunga neZambia kwaye sizama ukudala iindawo ezikumgangatho wehlabathi zabakhenkethi. Ngokomzekelo, sineengxangxasi zeVictoria, kodwa bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuba sisenokuba neengxangxasi eziliwaka kweli lizwe. Imilambo kunye namachibi ethu azele ziintlanzi ezinokuhenda abatyeleli, ilizwe lethu libonelela ngeesafari zefoto kodwa kunye nokuzingela. Imimandla yethu emikhulu siyilungelelanise ngendlela yokuba sibe neendawo zezilwanyana, apho kungekho kuzingela okanye nasiphi na isiphazamiso esivumelekileyo ukukhusela izilwanyana, emva koko sibe neendawo zokuzingela okanye iiGMA (iindawo zolawulo lwezilwanyana) kwabo bezayo. ukuzingela izilwanyana.
Kukunqongophala kwentengiso entle engakhange izise iindwendwe ezininzi eZambia, ngoko ke abantu abaninzi abaphesheya abazi ngokwaneleyo ngeZambia nezinto zayo ezinomtsalane. Silizwe elikhulu elinommandla ongaphezulu kwe-700,000 yeekhilomitha zeskweri kwaye abakhenkethi bamkelekile ukufumanisa zonke iindawo zaseZambia. Kodwa ngenxa yoko sifuna izixhobo kuyo yonke indawo. Urhulumente wam ngoku ukwindawo yeenyanga ezisi-8 kuphela kwaye sinikela ingqalelo kulo mba, iindawo zokulala, iihotele, kunye nezikhululo zeenqwelo moya nakwezona ndawo zikude. Kodwa kwanemiba yemida ifumene ingqalelo yethu; siza kufezekisa ezi zinto zisesikweni kuba sifuna abakhenkethi ngaphezu kokuba bona basidinga. Sifuna abantu bethu bancume kwaye bamkele. Ngokuphathelele kwimirhumo, sele siqalisile ukunciphisa le ntlawulo. Sikhetha ukuba uze kwilizwe lethu kwaye uchithe imali yakho elizweni endaweni yokuyisebenzisa kwimirhumo kumda.
eTN: Ngaba ukhenketho, icandelo eliphambili kwezoqoqosho kurhulumente wakho, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, yeyiphi inkuthazo yotyalo-mali kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo urhulumente wakho ayenzileyo ukukhuthaza intatho-nxaxheba elinganayo yabantu baseZambia kuphuhliso lwecandelo, ngaphandle kokutsala uTyalo-mali oluNgqo lwaNgaphandle?
UMongameli Banda: Sijonge kwintsebenziswano yoluntu lwabucala ngokubanzi, sikhuthaza utyalo-mali oluvela kumazwe angaphandle nangaphakathi eZambia. Abantu abaninzi baseZambia abakwazi ukubeka amaziko akumgangatho wehlabathi ngezinto abanazo ngoku, ngoko sibakhuthaze ukuba basebenzisane nabo banako, kodwa kwakhona sidale ingxowa-mali yokuxhobisa exabisa ngaphezu kwe-150 yeebhiliyoni zee-kwacha (US$29.5 yezigidi), abantu baseZambia banokufikelela kuyo ukuze bafumane imali yembewu. iiprojekthi ezinjalo njengeendawo zokulala ezincinci. Kwaye xa iinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe ziseka iindawo zokuchithela iiholide kunye neehotele, oko kulungile nakwilizwe lethu, kuba kukho ukuhoywa kotyalo-mali olunjalo kwaye abantu bayayiqaphela iZambia. Siyabamkela abakhenkethi ngesakhono sabo sokwenza uthungelwano lwabantu bethu baseZambia, njengaxa besiya kwi-safari kunye nabakhokeli babo, benza abahlobo, abanye bayamenywa kwaye baxhaswe ngemali yokufunda phesheya, abanye baseka iinkampani kunye, ngoko ke ukhenketho yindlela. ukuvula ilizwe ngendlela enokuthi izise iinzuzo ezinkulu.
eTN: Ngaba ibhodi yabakhenkethi yaseZambia yenza ngokwaneleyo ukwazisa ilizwe langaphandle, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ingaba banalo uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluyimfuneko ukuze bafezekise imisebenzi yabo?
UMongameli Banda: Ibhodi yethu yabakhenkethi iyayiqonda into ekufuneka yenziwe, kodwa ngokucacileyo uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali alwanelanga, ingakumbi ngamaxesha oqoqosho anzima njengangoku. Kodwa nangona kunjalo, siye sandisa inkxaso-mali yokhenketho, kuba siye sabona ukuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo, umzekelo, imigodi kunye namanye amacandelo.
eTN: Kunyaka ozayo, iNdebe yeHlabathi yeFIFA iza e-Afrika okokuqala ngqa. IZambia izimisele ukuxhamla njani kwindawo ekuyo eMzantsi Afrika kwaye itsale abakhenkethi ukuba baye kubona iiNgxangxasi zeVictoria kunye neendawo zezilwanyana zasendle ngaphambi nasemva komsitho omkhulu?
UMongameli Banda: ukunyaniseka, amalungiselelo omzimba afana nokwakha i-stadia, engazange yenzeke, ngoko ke asinakumema amaqela ukuba ahlale nathi kwaye aqeqeshe eZambia. Kodwa kubakhenkethi, banokuvela lula eMzantsi Afrika basityelele. Yimizuzu engama-90 kuphela inqwelo moya esuka eRhawutini isiya eLivingstone, ukuze iindwendwe ezize kwiNdebe yeHlabathi zithathe usuku okanye ezimbini zibhabhe ukuze zibone iingxangxasi, okanye zihlale ixesha elidana, kwaye sele sineehotele, iindawo zokulala neendawo ekuchithelwa kuzo iiholide ezintle kakhulu. eLivingstone kubakhenkethi bethu bamazwe ngamazwe kwaye ngaphezulu kwakhiwa okanye kucwangciswe indawo nganye apho abakhenkethi banokufuna ukuya kuyindwendwela.
eTN: Apha eMpuma Afrika sizama ukuseka indawo enye yeVisa kubakhenkethi ukuze utyelelo lufikeleleke ngakumbi, ingaba iZambia ilijonga njani iinzame ezinje kwiSADC ingakumbi abamelwane bayo abasondeleyo, bonke abakwayindawo yokhenketho?
UMongameli Banda: Liyinyani, iVisa iseyingxaki kodwa imibutho yethu yengingqi efana neSADC (Southern Africa Development Community) kunye neEAC (East African Community) kunye neCOMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa) bayayisebenzela le ngxaki ukuba ize. ngesisombululo. Kufuneka senze kube lula ukuba iindwendwe zize kubona amazwe angaphezu kwelinye kummandla kwaye zingachithi imali eninzi kwi-visa. Bonke abamelwane bethu baneshishini lezokhenketho kwaye sisonke singaphucula uninzi lwezibonelelo zethu kwaye sinikeze iinkonzo ezingcono kubatyeleli.
eTN: Uhlobo lokhenketho olusekelwe kwizilwanyana zasendle kumazwe amaninzi ase-Afrika alukhuthazayo ngokucacileyo lufuna amanani amakhulu emidlalo. Sihlala sisiva ngengxaki yokuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kwiindawo ezikuMazantsi e-Afrika, ingakumbi eZimbabwe kodwa ngokucacileyo naseZambia. Uthini umgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente wakho wokukhuthaza ukulondolozwa kwezilwanyana zasendle, ukunqanda ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nokudala izisombululo ezizinzileyo kwimingeni evela kukwanda kwabantu kunye nesidingo sokuhlalisana kweemfuno zolondolozo kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho, abantu kunye nezilwanyana zasendle?
President Banda: Ewe, ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kusengumba omkhulu kwezinye iindawo kodwa sinemithetho eqinileyo kwaye singayenza yomelele xa kuyimfuneko. Sizimisele ukukhusela izilwanyana zasendle kwiipaki zezilwanyana kwaye xa sifumanisa abantu bezingela ngokungekho mthethweni, bayohlwaywa. Kodwa kwakhona kufuneka ukhumbule, iZambia yayilikhaya layo yonke imibutho yenkululeko kulo lonke elaseMazantsi eAfrika kwaye ngenxa yezinye izinto ezishiywe ngasemva nendlela abantu abenza ngayo izinto ngoko, sinengxaki, kodwa siqinile. ukujongana nayo kunye nokukhusela iinyamakazi zasendle kangangoko sinako.
eTN: Ndifunde ukuba ibhodi yakho yolawulo lwezilwanyana zasendle iZAWA iphantse yanikezela ngesisa ukuba inike abatyali-zimali abakhulu ngeendawana zepaki; ingaba loo nto iyinxalenye yomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente kwaye ngawaphi amathuba akhoyo okanye adalelwe abantu baseZambia abaqhelekileyo ukuba bangene kweli shishini ukuze bavumele amashishini amancinci naphakathi ukuba nawo aphumelele?
UMongameli Banda: EZambia sifuna amathuba kubantu baseZambia kunye nabatyali-zimali bamazwe angaphandle. Urhulumente wam uzimisele ukunika amathuba otyalo-mali lwabucala kuwo onke amanqanaba nakuzo zonke iikona zelizwe. Zininzi iipaki eziphantse zingabinazibonelelo kwaye kufuneka zitshintshe ukuba sifuna ukufumana abakhenkethi abaninzi ukuba bandwendwele.
eTN: Ukulandela iZAWA ukuba kunokwenzeka, abachaphazelekayo bokhenketho lwemveli eZambia babonakala benobudlelwane obungeyiyo nabo, ukonyuka kwamaxabiso, ukunqongophala kophuhliso lweziseko zophuhliso ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweepaki, phezu koxinzelelo lwemvume kwiqumrhu elikhulu lamazwe ngamazwe. Leliphi inyathelo elithathwa ngurhulumente wakho ukwandisa izibonelelo kubantu baseZambia, uqoqosho lwaseZambia kunye nozinzo lwexesha elide?
UMongameli Banda: Sesithethile ngengxowa-mali yokuxhobisa ekhoyo kubantu baseZambia kwaye kukho nezinye intsebenziswano ezinokwenzeka nezifumanekayo phakathi koosomashishini ngokuthe ngqo nangobuqabane bukarhulumente babucala. Singurhulumente sizimisele ukuzisa uphuhliso nakwicandelo lezokhenketho.
eTN: UMongameli uMuseveni ngethuba evula intetho yakhe wayicacisa into yokuba ngaphandle kweziseko ezingundoqo zonke iinzame zokutsala utyalo-mali kushishino ziphantse zibe lilize. Apha e-Uganda kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo siqalise uhlaziyo lomgaqo-nkqubo ongundoqo ngokubhekiselele kulungiso lweendlela noololiwe kunye nokuveliswa kombane. Urhulumente wakho uwujonga njani lo mba ubaluleke kangaka, emva kokuba zonke iindlela ezilungileyo abakhenkethi bangakwazi ukufikelela kwiipaki zezilwanyana?
President Banda: Lo ngumceli mngeni omkhulu kumazwe amaninzi aquka iZambia kodwa siqale ngenkqubo yendlela kwaye kuninzi esizakukwenza. Kukwakho nomba wemizi-mveliso yombane kunye neegridi zombane, esithetha ngawo njengengingqi kwaye sikwasebenza kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya kunye nezikhululo zeenqwelomoya kwezinye iindawo zeli lizwe ukuba mhlawumbi ziphuculwe okanye zakhiwe ukuze sibe nabakhenkethi kunye nabantu bethu abashukumayo. ngokulula ukusuka kwelinye icala laseZambia ukuya kwelinye. Ke iindwendwe zinokukhetha ukuqhuba okanye ukubhabha okanye zombini, nokuba yintoni na ebalungeleyo.
eTN: Kukho intetho ethi, “ukhenketho luxolo kwaye uxolo lukhenketho,” kudala kukho ukruthakruthwano eZimbabwe kwaye neshishini lezokhenketho ebelinenkqubela phambili liphantse lawa. Oku kumele ukuba kwayichaphazela neZambia. Ingaba urhulumente wakho ujongana njani nalo mba ubalulekileyo wengingqi wokuqalisa ukhenketho kunye nokwandisa ingqesho kunye nengeniso yotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle enokubakho eZambia nakubamelwane bayo?
President Banda: Naziphi na iingxaki ebumelwaneni bakho nazo ziyakuchaphazela. Siye sazama ukufumana isisombululo seengxaki ezinjalo ngaphakathi kwendawo kuba izisombululo zangaphandle azifanelekanga ngokwenene, izisombululo kufuneka zamkelwe kwaye zamkelwe ngabo bachaphazelekayo nabachaphazelekayo. Siyavuya eZambia kukubona inkqubela isenziwa ukuze sifikelele esi sigqibo kuba ummandla ophumelelayo uzisa iingenelo kumntu wonke. Ngokubhekiselele eZambia, ngombulelo siphila ngoxolo kwaye sinqwenela ukubona lonke ilizwe elisingqongileyo lihlala ngoxolo. Ubuzile ngokhenketho lwaseZimbabwe kwaye xa kungekho bakhenkethi bezayo apho nathi asibaboni. Ke ukusebenza kakuhle kwezokhenketho eZimbabwe kwaye nabaphi na abamelwane bethu baya kuyilungela iZambia, kwaye ndiva ukuba izinto ziyaphinda ziphinde ziqhube kakuhle kwaye luphawu lokuba uncedo lwengingqi luphumelele.
I-eTN: Sisondela esiphelweni, ngokwesam izikhundla ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso lwabasebenzi, ukudluliselwa kwezakhono kunye nokwakhiwa kwekhondo lomsebenzi lilitye lembombo kubomi bam bomsebenzi, ingaba la macandelo adlala yiphi indima eZambia, ingaba unayo ikholeji yokwamkela iindwendwe kunye noqeqesho lokhenketho, umsebenzi wezandla. izikimu zoqeqesho kunye neenkqubo zokuphucula amakhondo emisebenzi ukudala amathuba engqesho kubantu abatsha baseZambia abanqwenela ukungena kwicandelo lezokhenketho?
UMongameli Banda: Lo ngumceli mngeni wokwenene oseZambia, kufuneka senze ngakumbi malunga noqeqesho lomsebenzi, izibonelelo zoqeqesho, iikholeji njl. Kufuneka bafunde ubizo kunye nobugcisa babo ukuze bakwazi ukuthelekisa nemigangatho yamanye amazwe asingqongileyo, kwaye bakwazi nokusebenza kumazwe angaphandle njengabaphambukeli. Ndiva abantu abaninzi baseKenya kunye nabaseUganda ngoku basebenza phesheya emva kokufumana uqeqesho oluhle ekhaya kuqala, ngoko ke yinto ephambili ebalulekileyo kuthi eZambia. Singakwazi ukwamkela uncedo oluvela kubahlobo bethu kummandla kunye nakwamanye amazwe kuba uqeqesho olulungileyo kunye nezakhono zinika abantu abatsha ithuba lokufumana umsebenzi olungileyo kunye nokwakha imisebenzi. Uthe ungusihlalo wesikolo sehotele yaseUganda, ngoko naluphi na uncedo luya kwamkeleka kwaye sivulelekile ukuququzelela uncedo olunjalo kunye namathuba egameni labantu abatsha bethu. Ukubathumela kumazwe aphesheya ukuze bafumane uqeqesho kunokuba kwabambalwa kuphela, ngoko ke sinqwenela ukwenza amandla ngaphakathi eZambia ukuhlangabezana nezo mfuno zoqeqesho.
eTN: Okokugqibela, ingaba onke amacandelo akhuthazayo, izicwangciso zentshukumo kunye nongenelelo othethe ngalo luya kuba lukhona phambi kweNdebe yeHlabathi yeFIFA yeNdebe yeHlabathi ukuze kuthwaliswe iziqhamo eZambia kwaye kubhengezwe kwiinguqu ezininzi kwicandelo labucala lelizwe lakho lezokhenketho ebelilindile?
President Banda: Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, asizukuba nestadia samaqela angaphandle kodwa sinezinto ezininzi ezinomtsalane kwaye silindele iindwendwe ezininzi ukuba zityelele iVictoria Falls phambi, ngexesha nasemva kwendebe yehlabathi. Ibhodi yethu yabakhenkethi iya kusebenzela ukwenza iZambia yaziwe ngcono ukuze sikwazi ukuxhamla ngezibonelelo esele sinazo, iihotele, iindawo zokulala kunye neendawo ekuchithelwa kuzo iiholide. Malunga nazo zonke ezinye izinto ebesithetha ngazo, urhulumente wam uhamba ngokukhawuleza kangangoko sinako, kodwa izinto azenzeki nje ngobusuku obunye, iziseko zophuhliso zithatha ixesha ukucwangcisa nokwakha. Kubalandeli bebhola ekhatywayo abeza eMzantsi Afrika, bamkelekile ukuba bandwendwele naseZambia kwaye ngokubanzi sijonge phambili kwishishini lethu lezokhenketho livuleke ngakumbi lize nabatyeleli abaninzi kwilizwe lethu.
