VATICAN CITY – Ithala leencwadi labaPostile laseVatican livulelwa abaphengululi emva kweminyaka emithathu, i-euro9-million (i-$11.5- yezigidi) yokulungiswa ukuze kufakwe amagumbi alawulwa yimozulu kwimibhalo-ngqangi yalo exabisekileyo kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko akumgangatho ophezulu wokuthintela ubusela nokhuseleko. ilahleko.
Ithala leencwadi, elaqalwa nguPopu Nicholas V ngeminyaka yoo-1450, ligcina eyona ngqokelela ibalaseleyo yehlabathi yemibhalo-ngqangi ekhanyisiweyo. Ibandakanya eyona bhayibhile indala eyaziwayo epheleleyo, eyaqala malunga nama-325 kwaye ekukholelwa ukuba yayiyenye yeebhayibhile ezingama-50 ezazigunyaziswe nguMlawuli uConstantine, inkokeli yokuqala yaseRoma engumKristu.
Iphinda izivulele abaphengululi iiholo zayo ezikroliweyo ngoSeptemba 20. Amagosa ethala leencwadi azibhokoxa ekuphawuleni ukuba umsebenzi wokulungisa wagqitywa ngexesha—into eyayinqabile eItali kodwa kwanaxa kwabakho inkxamleko yokuvalwa kweminyaka emithathu okwabangela ukuba abaphengululi abaninzi banqunyanyiswe. uphando ngelixa ingqokelela yayo yamashumi amawaka emiqulu yayigcinwe.
UKhadinali Raffaele Farina, umphathi wethala leencwadi laseVatican, wababulela abo baphandi “abasiqondayo isizathu sokuvalwa kwawo.”
"Ngenxa yesixa sento ekufuneka yenziwe - ingxolo kunye nokungena komsebenzi wobugcisa kunye nokwakha okuyimfuneko - sagqiba ekubeni ithala leencwadi ngokuqinisekileyo limele livale," uFarina uxelele iintatheli ngoMvulo ngaphakathi kwiHolo yaseSistine efriziwe.
Abaphengululi abamalunga nama-4,000 5,000 ukusa kuma-XNUMX XNUMX banikwa imvume yokwenza uphando kwithala leencwadi minyaka le; ufikelelo luphela kuphela kwizifundiswa eziqhuba uphando lwenqanaba lasemva kwesidanga. Akukho nanye kwizinto ezikwithala leencwadi ezinokujongwa, kwaye imithetho yokusebenza ngaphakathi ingqongqo: Akukho zipeni, ukutya okanye amanzi anezimbiwa avumelekileyo kwigumbi lokufunda lombhalo-ngqangi.
Abaphandi ngoku baya kufumana unxibelelwano oluphuculweyo kunye nokufikelela kwi-elevator kwiingqokelela ezinkulu zeVatican, kunye nenqaba entsha ngaphakathi kwiNtendelezo yaseBelvedere yaseVatican ukuze bakhuphe imibhalo-ngqangi ukusuka kwigumbi labo elinobungqina bebhombu ukuya kumagumbi okubonisana alawulwa yimozulu. Ngaphakathi kwegumbi elingaphantsi komhlaba, imigangatho kunye neendonga ezikhusela umlilo kunye nothuli zafakelwa ukukhusela ngakumbi imibhalo yesandla.
Iincwadi zethala leencwadi ezingama-70,000 zifakwe iitshiphu zekhompyutha ukunqanda ilahleko nobusela, iikhamera ezivaliweyo ziye zafakelwa kwaye iingcango ezintsha ezizihambelayo kunye namasango aphumayo ahlala ejonga ukuba ngubani ongena okanye ophumayo.
Amanyathelo okhuseleko avela ngokuyinxenye kwisiganeko apho unjingalwazi wembali yezobugcisa kwiYunivesithi yaseOhio, uAnthony Melnikas, wathubelezisa amaphepha akrazulwe kumbhalo-ngqangi weVatican wenkulungwane ye-14 owawukade ungawaPetrarch. Wagwetywa ngo-1996 ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-14 entolongweni emva kokuvuma ukuba wawathatha amaphepha ngexesha lotyelelo lophando ngo-1987.
Eli thala laqalwa nguPopu Nicholas V ngemibhalo-ngqangi yokuqala yesiLatini engama-350. Ngexesha lokufa kukaNicholas ngowe-1455, ingqokelela yayisele yanda yaya kutsho kwi-codex ezimalunga ne-1,500 yaye yayiyeyona inkulu eYurophu.
Namhlanje, iThala leVatican linemiqulu emalunga ne-150,000 XNUMX yemibhalo-ngqangi kunye “neCodex B”—eyona Bhayibhile indala yaziwayo.
Ebudeni bentetho notyelelo kwithala leencwadi ngoMvulo, amagosa abonisa umfanekiso weBhayibhile ekhanyisiweyo eyiUrbino, eyaveliswa iTshawe laseUrbino ngowe-1476-78 nguDavid noDominico Ghirlandaio nabanye. IBhayibhile, enye yezona ncwadi zibalaseleyo ngenkulungwane ye-15, kuthiwa inegolide engaphezu kwekhilogram kumaphepha ayo anemifanekiso.
Inkampani yesamente yase-Italiya i-Italcement ihlawule isixa esikhulu se-euro9 yezigidi zethegi yexabiso lokuhlaziya ngelixa ukonga kunye neminikelo yabucala ixhasa yonke enye, utshilo uFarina.
Ithala Leencwadi Labapostile likufuphi nooVimba baseVatican, abaqulethe imbalelwano yoonozakuzaku beVatican kangangeenkulungwane namaxwebhu oopopu. Ukucaphula rhoqo uDan Brown-ephefumlelwe ukudideka, amagosa agxininise ngoMvulo ukuba ukuqokelela kunye namaziko ahlukeneyo.
INTO ONOKUYITHATHA KWELI NQAKU:
- Library officials took pains to note that the renovation work was completed on time — a rarity in Italy but also an acknowledgment of the inconvenience the three-year closure caused many scholars who had to suspend their research while its collections of tens of thousands of volumes were in storage.
- During a presentation and tour of the library Monday, officials showed off a replica of the illuminated Urbino Bible, produced for the Duke of Urbino in 1476-78 by David and Dominico Ghirlandaio and others.
- “Given the amount of what had to be done — the noise and the intrusiveness of the technical and construction work necessary — we decided the library inevitably had to close,”.
