Nangona uninzi lwabantu lufuna ukukholelwa kukho abantu abahamba ngenjongo yokubandakanyeka kwizenzo zesondo kunye nomntwana omncinci. Zininzi izizathu zesi sigulo sentlalo, ukusukela kwinkolelo yokuba abantu abakwilizwe elisezantsi bangaphantsi kwengcamango yokuba umntwana oxhaphaza umntwana ukholelwa ukuba umntwana udla ngokuba yintombi enyulu. Nokuba umntu usijonga njani na isigulo soluntu sokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, kusoloko kululwaphulo-mthetho. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba sisiphi na isizathu esinikiweyo sokuthethelela olu lwaphulo-mthetho, ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana akukho mthethweni yaye kuyatshabalalisa umntwana nakwibutho labantu. Ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana ngokwezorhwebo kukwaphulwa okusisiseko kwamalungelo oluntu. Ukuxhatshazwa okunjalo bekukho ukutyhubela imbali, kodwa kuphela kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje apho umkhamo wolu lwaphulo-mthetho uye waziswa engqalelweni yoorhulumente, ishishini lokhenketho, noluntu.
Ukwenza izinto zibe nzima ngakumbi, iindwendwe ezibandakanyeka kukhenketho oluxhaphaza abantwana aziweli kulo naluphi na uhlobo. Aba bantu basenokuba ngabaxhaphazi abanesiqhelo okanye abalingwayo. Iziphumo nangona kunjalo zihlala zifana; umntwana ushiywe enenxeba ubomi bakhe bonke. Kukho intaphane yeengqikelelo zokuba kutheni ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana kwezokhenketho kujongwa njengento exhaphake kangaka. Phakathi kwazo kukho:
- Ukuba akukho mfuneko yokwanda kolu lwaphulo-mthetho, kanye njengokuba ngoku sinengxelo engcono yolwaphulo-mthetho olujoliswe ebantwaneni.
- Ukungeniswa kwabathwali beendleko eziphantsi kwenze ukuba uhambo oluya kwiindawo ezikude lufikeleleke ngakumbi.
- Ukuba kude nekhaya kuvumela abantu ukuba bazive bengaziwa kunye nokuncipha kwezithintelo.
Abakhenkethi bolu hlobo lokuxhaphaza basenokuba ngabaxhaphazi abanesiqhelo, abathi ngabom bafune abantwana, okanye basenokuba ngabaxhaphazi “abakwimeko ethile,” abathi babandakanyeke kolu hlobo lwezenzo nabantwana ngenxa yolingelo oludla ngokuphenjelelwa lithuba okanye imvakalelo yokungaziwa ngenxa yokuba kude nekhaya labo. Ukukhula okukhawulezileyo nokwehlabathi jikelele kokuhamba ngenqwelo-moya okuneendleko eziphantsi, umzekelo, kuye kwenza ukuba imali yokukhwela inqwelo-moya ifikeleleke ngakumbi, ngoko ke iindawo ezintsha nezisakhasayo zifikeleleka kwinani eliphezulu labakhenkethi, kuquka nabo basenokuba ngabenzi bolwaphulo-mthetho lokuxhaphaza abantwana.
Ukhenketho lwezesondo - kwaye ngakumbi loo nto ixhaphaza abantwana - inokuba ngumhlaza wentlalontle ogudla imveliso yezokhenketho. Ngelishwa, akukho mntu wazi kakuhle ukuba bangaphi abantwana ehlabathini lonke abangamaxhoba okuxhatshazwa ngolo hlobo. I-International Labor Organization (ILO) iqikelela ukuba inani lamaxhoba asenokuba kwizigidi. Ukurhweba ngabantu njengeshishini elingekho mthethweni kucingelwa ukuba livelise iibhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngokubanzi; Kukholelwa ukuba phantse i-60% yazo zonke izinto zokurhweba kwihlabathi jikelele zenzelwe ukuxhaphaza ngokwesondo, ngaphezulu kwe-20% yamaxhoba ngabantwana.
Iingcebiso zokujongana nale ngxaki.
Yazi ukuba ingxaki ikhona kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
Enye yeengxaki ezinkulu kwesi sigulo soluntu sifihliweyo kukuba uninzi loluntu lwezokhenketho alunalwazi okanye lukhetha ukungayiboni ingxaki. Ukungayihoyi ingxaki yobu bukhulu ayenzi ukuba ingxaki iphele, kodwa kwandisa ubuzaza bengxaki.
Ukuphuhlisa iqela elisebenzayo kunye nokusebenza kunye nomthetho wendawo ukuhlalutya kunye nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso.
Xa kuziwa kukhenketho olujoliswe ngokwesondo esinye isisombululo asingeni ndawo zonke. Ngaba olu hlobo lokuxhatshazwa lukho ngenxa yokungabikho kweenkonzo zokukhusela abantwana okanye imithetho? Ngaba ubuhlwempu ngoyena nobangela? Ngaba amagosa ogcino-mthetho akayinikanga le ngxaki ingqalelo eyifaneleyo? -
Phuhlisa iziphumo kwabo bathatha inxaxheba ekuthatheni amathuba abantwana.
Kudla ngokubakho iindidi ezininzi zabantu ababandakanyeke ekuxhatshazweni ngokwesini, phakathi kwazo zezi: “umthengi” (umntu “orentayo” umntwana), “umboneleli,” njengalowo uqweqwedisa okanye umzali “othengisa” umntwana “nabaphakathi,” njengabaphathi beehotele abavumela abantwana ukuba baxhatshazwe kwindawo yabo. Bobathathu kufuneka batshutshiswe ngokupheleleyo emthethweni. Oko kuthetha ukuba iihotele kufuneka zixelelwe ukuba xa zithe zakubetha ngoyaba ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana ziya kuhlawuliswa kanobom, zivalelwe entolongweni, yaye ihotele yazo isenokuvalwa.
Ukuseka kwaye upapashe umgaqo-nkqubo wokunganyamezeli nto.
Uluntu lwezokhenketho oluthwaxwa yile ngxaki kufuneka lupapashe ukuba lunomgaqo-nkqubo wokunganyamezeli nto. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uthetha ukuba amagosa ezokhenketho kufuneka avelise ulwazi olulumkisa abatyeleli ukuba ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana akuyi kunyanyezelwa. Olu lwazi kufuneka lube kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya, kumagumbi ehotele, nakumaziko enkcazelo yokhenketho. Iingcali zokhenketho ziyayazi indlela yokuthengisa kwaye luxanduva lwabo ukusebenzisa amandla abo okuthengisa ukuveza ingxaki kwaye bavelise izilumkiso zokuhamba njengendlela yokunceda ukunciphisa ingxaki.
Khumbula ukuba abantwana banokusetyenziswa kwiifomathi ezininzi.
Ukhenketho lwesini alubaxhaphazi nje abantwana ukuze banelise isini ngoko nangoko, kodwa abantwana basenokusetyenziswa nasekuveliseni iifilimu neevidiyo ezibonisa amanyala. Oku kuthetha ukuba kusenokufuneka imithetho emitsha ukuze kukhuselwe abantwana okanye kusenokufuneka kunyanzeliswe imithetho esele ikho.
Sebenza noluntu lwasekuhlaleni.
Umlo ochasene nokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana yindlela uluntu lwezokhenketho olunokuthi lubonise uluntu ukuba lukhathalele. Sebenza nemibutho yasekuhlaleni yasekuhlaleni, kunye nemibutho yezenkolo, kunye nalo naliphi na elinye iqela elikwaxhalabileyo ngale ngxaki. Ngokubonisa ukuba amagosa ezokhenketho akaxhalabelanga nje kuphela le ngxaki, kodwa alungele ukusebenza ukuze ayisombulule, ishishini lokhenketho lasekuhlaleni liya kwenza umgama omde ekuzuzeni iintliziyo neengqondo zabahlali basekuhlaleni.
Sebenzisa amagama anyanzela abantu ukuba baqonde ukuba le nto yenziwayo ayilunganga.
Ukhenketho lusebenzisa amagama amaninzi. Xa kufikwa kukuxhatshazwa komntwana kokukhona liqina igama libe ngcono. Umzekelo, kunokuba uthi "iphonografi" yibize "izinto zokubukela kakubi". Yenza amagama aqine kangangoko njengendlela yokuhlazisa abantu.
Ungoyiki ukubhengeza amagama abantu abaxhaphaza abantwana.
Yazisa ihlabathi ukuba aba bantu bathengisa okanye bathenga abantwana okanye bavumela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezingekho mthethweni nezingcolileyo kwiindawo zabo. Inqaku elibalulekileyo lelokuba ukhenketho lunokuba yeyona nto ilungileyo kwaye lubonise ihlabathi ukuba ishishini lokhenketho liyakhathala.
Umbhali, uGqr. Peter E. Tarlow, unguMongameli kunye noMseki we World Tourism Network kwaye ikhokelela Ukhenketho olukhuselekileyo program.
