I-Asia Ephakathi, ikhaya lamazwe "eStan", inika umxube oyingqayizivele wenkcubeko kunye nendalo emangalisayo. Igama elithi “stan” lithatyathwe kwigama lesimamva lesiPersi elithi “-stan,” elithetha “ilizwe le.” Ibhekisa kwiqela lamazwe akuMbindi kunye noMzantsi Asia:
IKazakhstan, iKyrgyzstan, iTajikistan, iTurkmenistan, iUzbekistan, iAfghanistan, nePakistan zinonxibelelwano oluqinileyo lwenkcubeko nembali, zifana ngolwimi, unqulo nenkcubeko. Iimbali zabo zahlukene kwaye zintsonkothile, njengoko izizwe ezininzi zafumana inkululeko emva kokuba iSoviet Union yaqhekeka ngo-1991. IPakistan yavela ngo-1947 ngokwahlulwa kweBritish Raj, ngelixa i-Afghanistan inembali eyahlukileyo ephawulwe ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo olawulo kunye nokuzimela.
Ukuya e-Stans kuzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo ezimangalisayo, kodwa ngelixa izinto ezibonwayo zinokwahluka, ulwamkelo alupheli.
Umbhali, uZhanar Gabit ngumntu wokhenketho ovela eKazakhstan kunye nelungu elisebenzayo leWorld Federation of Tourist Guides, ilungu kunye neqabane World Tourism Network.
Ukhenketho lunokuba negalelo njani ekugcineni uxolo? Lo mbuzo uhambelana nemeko yangoku ye-geopolitical.
Ukhenketho yinto yanamhlanje. Amathuba kunye neemarike zanda imihla ngemihla, unyaka nonyaka.
Abantu abakumazwe apho ukuhambahamba kwakungelula ngaphambili baye bafumana inaliti yohambo lweziyobisi olukhobokisayo.
Abasayi kuze bayeke ukuhamba phezu kwazo nje iimfazwe, abanqolobi, iintlekele zemvelo, oobhubhani, okanye naziphi na ezinye iintlekele.
Kuyacaca ukuba iindawo ekusingwa kuzo ziba nomtsalane ngakumbi kubakhenkethi ngonyaka okanye ngenyanga. Ziziphazamiso zezopolitiko ezisisigxina kuphela kunye neenkxalabo zokhuseleko ezichaphazela umnqweno wabantu wokuphawula uluhlu lwabo lohambo.
Ukhenketho luyinjini yoqoqosho, kwaye ngakumbi kumazwe anento anokunikela ngayo, iya kuhlala ikuluhlu oluphezulu lokutyelela. Ngenxa yoku, amazwe kufuneka asebenzisane, adibanise izixhobo, abelane ngokhenketho nangamathuba.
Makhe sithathe umzekelo wengingqi yaseMbindi Asia.
Amazwe avela kwimephu emva kokuwa kweSoviet Union kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe atsalela ingqalelo kwizinto ezintsha kunye nobunyani.
Nangona ukugcina ukunyaniseka kuya kusiba nzima, lo mmandla uhlala uyindawo emhlophe kuhambo lwehlabathi kunye nemephu yokhenketho. Abakhenkethi baya benomdla wokutyelela iindawo ezinjalo ezingaqhelekanga.
Amazwe amahlanu “eStan” anjengeKazakhstan, iUzbekistan, iKyrgyzstan, iTajikistan, neTurkmenistan, abumba ummandla omnye obalulekileyo owaziwa ngokuba yiGreat Silk Road.
Ukongeza i-Western China kunye neMongolia kuluhlu kusinika umfanekiso opheleleyo wendlela lo mmandla oye wachuma ngayo kwiminyaka yempucuko yabantu abahambahambayo kunye naphantsi kohlaselo lwaseMongolia kunye noBukhosi baseRussia kude kube namhlanje. La mazwe afumana inkululeko kwaye, kunye nayo, azidla ngokuzingca.
I-Great Silk Road kuMbindi we-Asia iquka i-5,000 yeekhilomitha ubude be-Tien-Shan -Chang'an corridor, eyona ndawo igqwesileyo yendlela yokurhweba, kunye ne-700 kunye nokuya kuthi ga kwi-5000 m ngaphezu komgangatho wolwandle.
Le ndlela ikuthatha unqumla iintlango, amathafa, neentaba; endleleni, ubona iidolophu ezindala ngendlela eyahlukileyo Central Asia okanye Eurasian style. Ngokwezobupolitika, amazwe afana nabazalwana; ngokwezoqoqosho, baziintshaba kukhuphiswano. Ngokwembali, zibotshelelwe kwaye zonke zisesikhepheni esinye.
Ukhenketho kulo mmandla luhlala lunoxolo kuba abakhenkethi bathenga ukhenketho oludityanisiweyo olunceda amazwe kunye nemimandla emininzi.
I-Kyrgyzstan ne-Uzbekistan, i-Uzbekistan ne-Kazakhstan, ngamanye amaxesha ukhenketho ludibanisa i-3,4 kunye namazwe angama-5 aseStan.
Kuyaqondakala ukuba kutheni abantu bekhetha ukuthenga ukhenketho oluhlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuze bafikelele ezona ndawo zidumileyo kunye namava enkcubeko yaseAsia.
Babona indalo kunye nenkcubeko, bazame iindlela zokutya ezahlukeneyo, baphulaphule umculo, kwaye bazame imisebenzi efana nokukhwela ihashe.
Banelisekile ngamava yaye bayakuvuyela oko bakufumene ngenxa yemali abayisebenzisileyo.
Iindwendwe ezidibeneyo zinenzuzo kakhulu, kwaye abantu abaqhelekileyo baya kugcina ngokucacileyo uxolo ukutsala iindwendwe ezininzi.
Abantu baya kusebenza kumfanekiso wabo, babuyisele okanye balungise izinto zenkcubeko okanye zembali okanye iziza; iintshukumo zentlalo ziya kuthambekela ngakumbi ekukhuseleni ilifa, i-eco-activists iya kufuna ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokugcina amanzi, kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, abantu baya kuqonda ngakumbi malunga nemigaqo yokuzinza.
Ukuhamba ngoku yindlela yokuphila. Akukho mntu wakha wayishiya idolophu yakhe kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi.
Abantu bakhetha ukufumana okuninzi kuhambo olunye. Kufana nokufumana imivundla emibini kwisitofu esinye.
Ngaloo ndlela, ukwenza uhambo olucingisisiweyo xa abantu benokugubungela iindawo ezininzi zokuya kwindawo enye kunokunceda ekugcineni uxolo kwilizwe elinye nakummandla ngokwawo.
