Izehlo eziPhezulu eziHlanu ezitshintshe ishishini lokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya ngonaphakade

Imbali ende kunye eqaqambileyo yoshishino lweenqwelomoya izaliswe zizilingo ezininzi kunye neembandezelo kwiminyaka edlulileyo eye yavavanya amashishini ukuya kwimida yawo kwaye yasebenza njenge-catalyst yenguqu. Apha, ingcali yokubonelela ngecandelo I-Artemis Aerospace ijonga iziganeko eziye zanempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwicandelo kunye nendlela ezilutshintshe ngayo uhambo lweenqwelomoya ngonaphakade.

Eyona ngozi ibalulekileyo emhlabeni

Ngethamsanqa, iingozi zomoya zinqabe kakhulu kwaye ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya kuseyeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo yehlabathi yokuhamba. Enyanisweni, ngokutsho kwe-NTSB, amathuba okuba kwinqwelomoya ye-airline yorhwebo ebandakanyeka kwingozi ebulalayo ijikeleze i-1 kwi-20 yezigidi, ngelixa amathuba okufa yi-1 encinci kwi-3.37 billion.

Ugxininiso lokhuseleko kushishino lweenqwelomoya lubaluleke kakhulu – abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, iinjineli kunye nabalawuli bezithuthi zomoya bonke banezakhono eziphezulu kwaye bazinikele ekuqinisekiseni ukuba abakhweli bahlala bekhuselekile.

Noko ke, ngeentsuku zokuqala zokuhamba ngenqwelo-moya, xa ukubhabha kwakusekutsha, iingozi zazixhaphake kakhulu. Ngowe-1908, ukufa komkhweli wokuqala kwinqwelo-moya kwabhalwa xa uLieutenanti uThomas Selfridge wasweleka emva kokuba iWright Flyer, eyayiqhutywa ngu-Orville Wright, yantlitheka ebudeni benqwelo-moya yovavanyo eVirginia, eUnited States. Kwaba ngo-1919 xa inqwelomoya yokuqala yorhwebo, iCaproni Ca.48, yantlitheka eVerona yabulala wonke umntu owayekhwele.

Ngo-1977, eyona ngozi yomoya yabulala abantu abaninzi emhlabeni yashiya ilifa elihlala lihleli kwimimiselo kunye neemfuno zeenqwelomoya zamazwe ngamazwe.

Intlekele yesikhululo seenqwelomoya saseTenerife yenzeka xa iijethi ezimbini zabakhweli beBoeing 747 zangqubana kumgaqo weenqwelomoya eLos Rodeos Airport zabulala abantu abangama-583. Uphando ludize ukuba ukapteni wenye yenqwelomoya, esetyenziswa yi-KLM, wenze ngempazamo ukunduluka ngelixa inqwelomoya yePan Am ibisahamba kumgaqo weenqwelomoya.

Intlekele ibonise ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo kokusebenzisa isigama esisemgangathweni kulo lonke unxibelelwano lukanomathotholo endaweni yentetho-ntetho, efana no-'Kulungile', kubandakanywa nokufundwa kwakhona kweenxalenye eziphambili zomyalelo ukuqinisekisa ukuqondana.    

Ukwaziswa kweenqwelo-moya zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye neeholide zephakheji

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya luguqule ishishini lokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya kwaye lukhokelele ekubeni abantu abaninzi kunanini na ngaphambili bakwazi ukonwabela amava okuhambela phesheya kweelwandle ukuya kwiindawo ezikude.

Inqwelomoya yokuqala yexabiso eliphantsi emhlabeni yayiyiSouthwest Airlines, eyasekwa ngo-1967 nguHerb Kelleher noRollin King. Kwi-1971, inkampani yaseTexas-based yaqala ukusebenza njenge-airline ye-intrastate ngaphambi kokuba iqalise inkonzo yengingqi ye-interstate kwi-1979. Imodeli yezoshishino esetyenziswe nguMzantsi-ntshona ibeka iziseko zabanye abathwali abangenayo i-frills, kuquka i-EasyJet kunye ne-Ryanair.

Ifilosofi yaseMzantsi-ntshona yayisekelwe kwimigaqo emine exhasa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwemodeli yoshishino lwenqwelomoya. Ezi ziquka kuphela ukubhabha uhlobo olulodwa lweenqwelo-moya, ezijolise ekunciphiseni iindleko zokusebenza ngonyaka, ukuguqula iinqwelomoya ngokukhawuleza kunye nokugcina izinto ezilula ngokuthengisa izihlalo kuphela kwiinqwelomoya, endaweni yokudala izicwangciso zokunyaniseka kunye nezongezo ezifanayo.

Ugqabhuko lwentaba-mlilo kunye neBritish Airways Flight 009

Ugqabhuko-dubulo luka-2010 lwe-Eyjafjallajökull lusenokuba sesinye seziganeko zakutsha nje zothuthu lwentaba-mlilo olubangela ukuba iinqwelomoya zimiswe, kodwa mhlawumbi eyona idume kakubi lilifu lika-1982 lothuthu lwentaba-mlilo elisuka kwiNtaba yeGalunggung eJakarta. I-British Airways Flight 009 yanyanzeleka ukuba ihlale kaxakeka emva kokubhabha kwilifu lentaba-mlilo, elibangele ukuba zone iinjini zayo zicime.

Ngenxa yoko, iingcali zemozulu azishiyi nto ngamabona-ndenzile kwaye ugqabhuko-dubulo luka-2010 lwe-Eyjafjallajökull, oluchongwe njengogqabhuko-dubulo oluqhutywa yirhasi kwaye ke ngoko luyingozi kakhulu, lubonwe njengengozi enkulu kwinqwelomoya. Ngenxa yoko, zonke iinqwelomoya eziya nokubuya eYurophu kunye neenqwelo moya ngaphakathi kwilizwekazi ziye zarhoxiswa kangangeentsuku ezisixhenxe-olona phazamiseko lukhulu lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ukusukela kwiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. I-IATA iqikelela ukuba ishishini lilahlekelwe yi-200 yezigidi zeedola yonke imihla indawo yomoya eYurophu yavalwa.

9/11

Ukuhlaselwa kwamaphekula ngoSeptemba 11 e-US kwaba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kwishishini leenqwelo-moya zorhwebo, esele lizingca ngokhuseleko nokhuseleko lwabakhweli.

Emva kokuba abanqolobi abalishumi elinesithoba baqweqwedise iinqwelomoya ezine zorhwebo e-US, abahlaseli-abaquka abantu abaqeqeshelwe ukuqhuba inqwelomoya ukuba bathathe kwaye balawule inqwelomoya - bawisa iinqwelomoya kwiindawo ezibalaseleyo zaseMelika, kubandakanya iWorld Trade Center kwisiXeko saseNew York kunye nekomkhulu lomkhosi waseMelika. , iPentagon eVirginia.

Olu hlaselo luthathe ubomi babantu abangama-2,977 kwaye luhlala lolona lubulalayo embalini.

Ngenxa yoko, ukhuseleko lweenqwelo moya kwihlabathi jikelele luye lwaqiniswa kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwesikhululo seenqwelomoya kunye nokhuseleko lwe-cockpit.

E-US, bekunokwenzeka ngaphambi kohlaselo kuye nabani na ongenalo itikiti ukuba ahambe nosapho kunye nabahlobo ngokhuseleko kwisango lokuhamba. Oku kwatshintshwa ngoko nangoko kwaye kuphela abakhweli abanamatikiti ngoku banokungena kukhuseleko ukuya kuhambo.

Ezinye iinqwelo-moya zazivumele abakhweli ukuba baphathe iimela ezincinci. Kwimeko ye-9/11, abaqweqwedisi abathathu bacima ii-detectors zentsimbi ngexesha lokuhlola ukhuseleko. Nangona babeskeniwe ngesixhobo esiphathwa ngesandla, bavunyelwa ukuba badlule. Imifanekiso eshukumayo kamva yabonisa ukuba babenento ebonakala ngathi ngabasiki beebhokisi bafakwe kwiipokotho zabo ezingasemva - into eyayivunyelwe kwinqwelomoya ethile ngelo xesha. Ukususela ngoko, izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya ezininzi ziye zafaka oomatshini bokubona izixhobo ezifihlakeleyo neziqhushumbisi ngobuchule bemilimitha.

Iitshekhi zokuchongwa ziye zahlengahlengiswa kwaye abakhweli abahamba ngeenqwelomoya zasekhaya ngoku bafuna uhlobo olusemthethweni lwe-ID yefoto ukuze bahambe.

COVID-19 bhubhane

Ubhubhani wakutshanje we-COVID-19 ngokungathandabuzekiyo ube nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kushishino lwezophapho. Okokuqala kwimbali, iinqwelomoya emhlabeni jikelele zamiswa ngokusisigxina kangangexesha elide. Ilahleko enkulu ilandele icandelo leenqwelomoya zorhwebo kwaye amakhulu abasebenzi benziwa bangabinamsebenzi okanye badelwa.

Ngelixa ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya kubuyela ngokuthe ngcembe kumanqanaba angaphambi kowama-2019, iziphumo kushishino lwezophapho lwentengiso ziye zaviwa kude nakude nemingeni emininzi ngoku ejongene nayo.

Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iinguqu eziye zaba yingozi kwaye ishishini, eliguquguqukayo njengangaphambili, liye lamkela ngokupheleleyo itekhnoloji entsha kunye neempawu zokwenza uhambo lomkhweli lube lula, lukhuselekile kwaye luyonwabele. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa inkathalo yobuso kukhuseleko kunye nezithethe kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-apps, kungekuphela nje ukuthengisa amatikiti kodwa inkitha yamanye amava aquka ukuthenga kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya kunye nokonwabisa kwinqwelomoya.

website: www.artemisaerospace.com