Iindawo zokhenketho kwezonyango ziye zavela kuwo wonke umhlaba, ukusuka eThailand ukuya eMzantsi Afrika, kwanamazwe aseYurophu afana neHungary. Umzi-mveliso ulindele ukukhula okukhulu kule minyaka izayo, ukusuka ku-2004 uqikelelo lwe-40 yezigidigidi ukuya kwi-100 yezigidigidi ngo-2012, ngokweenkcukacha-manani eziveliswe nguMcKinsey & Inkampani kunye neConfederation of India.
Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ukhenketho lwezonyango luya kuba nefuthe elihle kuqoqosho lwamazwe ekusingwa kuwo kwaye luzuze urhwebo olunezakhono kunye nabangenazakhono ngokufanayo. Imeko yokhenketho lwezonyango isenokubonisa kakuhle kubatyali-zimali bangaphandle abanomdla kula mazwe.
Apha ngezantsi, iNuWire ikhethe iindawo zayo zoKhenketho lwezoNyango eziPhezulu ezi-5 ezibonisa awona mathuba anomtsalane kubakhenkethi bezonyango kunye nabatyali-zimali bamanye amazwe ngokufanayo. Ezi marike zikhethwe ngokusekelwe kumgangatho kunye nokufikeleleka kwenkathalo kunye nolwamkelo kutyalo-mali lwangaphandle.
Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba abasebenzi bezonyango kula mazwe alandelayo ubukhulu becala bathetha isiNgesi, kwaye ke imiqobo yolwimi ayibeki mqobo omkhulu kwizigulana zangaphandle.
1. Panama
IPanama ibonelela ngeendleko eziphantsi kakhulu kwiinkqubo zonyango kumazantsi nje omda wase-US. Iindleko, ngokomyinge, zi-40 ukuya kwi-70 ipesenti ephantsi kuneendleko zotyando olufanayo e-US, ngokwengxelo yokhenketho lwezonyango epapashwe yiZiko leSizwe loHlalutyo loMgaqo-nkqubo (NCPA) ngoNovemba wokugqibela. Nangona iindleko zeenkqubo zonyango ziphezulu xa zithelekiswa nezo zamazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma Asia, iindleko zokuhamba ukusuka e-US ukuya ePanama ziphantsi kakhulu.
IPanama lilizwe “eliseMelika” nendawo enomtsalane kubakhenkethi abaqhelekileyo nabakhenkethi bezonyango ukuba bayindwendwele. IsiXeko sasePanama yindawo ekhuselekileyo nekhoyo ngoku; idola yaseMelika yimali esemthethweni yelizwe, kwaye uninzi lwamagqirha aqeqeshiwe e-US. Ngenxa yoko, abaguli base-US abafane bafumane inqanaba eliphezulu lokothuka kwenkcubeko xa befuna ukhathalelo ePanama.
Ukhenketho lwezonyango kufuneka lube nefuthe elihle kuqoqosho lwasePanama, oluxhomekeke kakhulu kwishishini leenkonzo. Umzi-mveliso wokhenketho lwezonyango nawo unokunceda ukusebenzisa abasebenzi basePanama abantu abamalunga ne-1.5 yesigidi, abanabasebenzi abaninzi abangaqeqeshwanga, ngokutsho kweCIA World Factbook.
Ngokubanzi, iPanama ibonise ukuzibophelela ekuphuculeni uqoqosho lwayo ekukhuthazeni ubudlelwane borhwebo kunye ne-US Kunokuba ithathe inxaxheba kwiSivumelwano soRhwebo kwi-Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), iPanama ixoxisane ngokuzimeleyo ngesivumelwano sokurhweba ngokukhululekileyo kunye ne-US ngoDisemba 2006.
Okokugqibela, iPanama ibonisa uluhlu olubanzi lwamathuba otyalo-mali lwezindlu kunye notyalo-mali kwinkonzo kunye namashishini anxulumene nokhenketho.
2. EBrazil
IBrazil iye yaba yimecca yezizwe ngezizwe yotyando lokuthambisa kunye neplastiki. Indlela yayo eya kudumo kukhenketho lwezonyango yaqala ngo-Ivo Pitanguy, ugqirha wotyando owaziwayo kwihlabathi owavula ikliniki ngaphandle kweRio de Janeiro ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 eyadlulayo. Yimarike yesibini enkulu yotyando lweplastiki kwihlabathi, emva kwe-US, ekunokwenzeka ukuba ibalelwa kumgangatho ophezulu wenkonzo kunye neendleko eziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe.
I-Brazil iphinde ibe yindawo yokhenketho lwezonyango kwezinye iintlobo zeenkqubo ngokwayo. Ngokumalunga nonyango oluqhelekileyo lwezonyango, iBrazil inezona zibhedlele ezininzi kulo naliphi na ilizwe ngaphandle kwe-US ezivunywe ngokupheleleyo yiKomishoni eHlangeneyo (JCAHO), umbutho omkhulu wokugunyazwa kwesibhedlele sase-US, ngokutsho kwewebhusayithi yenkampani yenkonzo yezokhenketho yezonyango iMedRetreat.
I-São Paulo, esona sixeko sikhulu saseBrazil, sithathwa njengezona zibhedlele zixhotyiswe kakhulu kwihlabathi, iinkqubo zovavanyo oluphezulu kunye noogqirha abanezakhono eziphezulu, ngokutsho kweBrazilMedicalTourism.com, iwebhusayithi ebanjwe yiSphera Internacional.
IBrazil inokufikelelwa kwizixeko ezininzi zase-US kwiiyure ezisibhozo ukuya kwezili-12 ngenqwelomoya.
IBrazil kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kuba lelinye lawona mazwe anoqoqosho lwehlabathi kwixesha elizayo, ngokutsho kwethiyori yeBRIC ecetywe nguJim O'Neill waseGoldman Sachs. Ngaphaya koko, icandelo lepropathi laseBrazil libonakala lilungele utyalo-mali lwangaphandle.
3. IMalaysia
Ishishini lokhenketho lwezonyango laseMalaysia libone ukukhula okumangalisayo kule minyaka idlulileyo. Inani labantu basemzini abafuna iinkonzo zonyango eMalaysia likhule ukusuka kwizigulane ze-75,210 kwi-2001 ukuya kwizigulane ze-296,687 kwi-2006, ngokutsho koMbutho weZibhedlele ezizimeleyo zaseMalaysia. Umthamo omkhulu wezigulane ngo-2006 uze malunga nezigidi ezingama-59 zeedola kwingeniso. I-Association of Private Hospitals Malaysia yaqikelela ukuba inani labantu basemzini abafuna unyango eMalaysia liya kuqhubeka likhula ngesantya seepesenti ezingama-30 ngonyaka kude kube yi2010.
IMalaysia ibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweenkqubo zonyango-kubandakanya amazinyo, utyando lokuthambisa kunye nentliziyo-ngeendleko eziphantsi kakhulu kune-US EMalaysia, utyando lwe-cardiac bypass, umzekelo, luxabisa malunga ne-6,000 ukuya kwi-7,000 yeedola, ngokutsho kwempapasho ekhutshwe yiTourism yaseMalaysia yokugqibela. EyeNkanga.
IMalaysia itsala abakhenkethi bezonyango kunye nabatyali-mali ngokufanayo ngenxa yezinga elincomekayo lotshintshiselwano, uzinzo kwezopolitiko nezoqoqosho kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokufunda. Ilizwe likwabonelela ngothungelwano olubanzi lwezibhedlele kunye neekliniki, kunye neepesenti ezingama-88.5 zabemi abahlala kumgama weemayile ezintathu kwikliniki yezempilo karhulumente okanye ugqirha wabucala, ngokwezibalo ezicatshulwe kwi-Hospitals-Malaysia.org.
Ukongeza, imarike yezindlu zaseMalaysia ibonelela ngembuyekezo ebalulekileyo.
4. icosta Rica
ICosta Rica, njengePanama, iye yaba yindawo ethandwayo phakathi kwezigulana zaseMntla Melika ngenxa yokhathalelo lwezonyango olungabizi kakhulu, olukumgangatho ophezulu “ngaphandle kokubhabha kwePacific,” ngokutsho kweengcali ezicatshulwe kwiYunivesithi yaseDelaware yeUDaily news ngo-2005. Ukulungeleka kokuhamba lenze ilizwe libe yindawo enomtsalane kakhulu kwizigulana zaseMelika, njengoko iCosta Rica inokufikelelwa kwizixeko ezininzi zase-US kwiiyure ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezili-10 zexesha lokubhabha.
Phantse i-150,000 yangaphandle yafuna ukunakekelwa eCosta Rica kwi-2006, ngokwengxelo ye-NCPA epapashwe ngoNovemba odluleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izigulana zakwamanye amazwe ziya eCosta Rica ngeendleko eziphantsi zomsebenzi wamazinyo kunye notyando lweplastiki. Iindleko zeenkqubo eCosta Rica ngokuqhelekileyo zingaphantsi kwesiqingatha seendleko zeenkqubo ezifanayo e-US; ixabiso leveneer yamazinyo, umzekelo, malunga ne-$ 350 ePanama, ngelixa inkqubo efanayo yi-$ 1,250 e-US, ngokutsho kwewebhusayithi yezoKhenketho lwezoNyango zaseCosta Rica, inkampani yenkonzo yohambo lwezonyango.
Uzinzo lwelizwe kwezopolitiko, amanqanaba emfundo ephakamileyo kunye nenkuthazo yezemali enikezelwa kwiindawo zokurhweba ngokukhululekileyo kutsale utyalo-mali olukhulu lwangaphandle, ngokutsho kweCIA World Factbook. Urhulumente waseCosta Rica ubonakala ethatha amanyathelo okukhuthaza utyalo-mali lwangaphandle kweli lizwe; ngo-Okthobha 2007, uvoto lwesizwe ivotele kwi US-Mbindi American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA). Ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo ngoMatshi ka-2008 kufanele kubangele imeko yotyalo-mali ephuculweyo.
5 ENdiya
I-Indiya, ngokuqinisekileyo, inexabiso eliphantsi kunye nomgangatho ophezulu kuzo zonke iindawo zokhenketho lwezonyango , ngokwengxelo yezokhenketho lwezonyango epapashwe yiZiko leSizwe loHlalutyo loMgaqo-nkqubo (NCPA) ngoNovemba wokugqibela. Izibhedlele ezininzi zivunyiwe yi-Joint Commission International (JCI) kwaye zisebenzisa oogqirha abaqeqeshwe kakhulu kunye nobuchwepheshe bezonyango. Kodwa iIndiya iza kwindawo yesihlanu kuluhlu lwethu kunokuba iqale ngenxa yobungakanani bezithintelo ezibekwe kubatyali-zimali bangaphandle kunye nomgama ekufuneka abantu baseMelika bawuhambile ukuya apho.
Icandelo lokhenketho lwezonyango lijongene nokukhula ngokukhawuleza, malunga ne-500,000 yezigulane zangaphandle eziya e-Indiya kukhathalelo lwezonyango ngo-2005, xa kuthelekiswa nezigulana eziqikelelwayo ze-150,000 ngo-2002, ngokutsho kweengcali ezicatshulwe kwiYunivesithi yaseDelaware ye-UDaily news. Ngokwemali, iingcali ziqikelela ukuba ukhenketho lwezonyango lunokuzisa i-Indiya i-2.2 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka ngo-2012.
I-Indiya iye yaba yindawo eyaziwayo yabakhenkethi bezonyango kwiinkqubo zentliziyo kunye ne-orthopedic. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, izigulana zaseMelika ziye zaya eIndiya kwiinkqubo ezifana ne-Birmingham hip resurfacing, eyayingafumaneki ngaphambili e-US, kwaye isanda kuvunywa yi-FDA. Abakhenkethi bezonyango nabo baya eIndiya kwiinkqubo ezineendleko eziphezulu e-US; umzekelo, isibhedlele sase-Apollo eNew Delhi sibiza i-$ 4,000 yotyando lwenhliziyo, ngelixa inkqubo efanayo iya kubiza malunga ne-$ 30,000 e-US.
Nangona i-Indiya ithathe amanyathelo abalulekileyo okuba "yindawo yezempilo yehlabathi" eyabonwa nguMphathiswa wezeMali uJaswant Sing kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwelizwe luka-2003, eli lizwe lisajongene neengxaki ezifana nokunyuka kwabemi, ukuthotywa kwemekobume, intlupheko kunye neengxabano zobuhlanga kunye nezenkolo. Ezo ngxaki zinokuthi zithintele ezinye izigulana ukuba ziye eIndiya ukuya kufumana unyango.
Oko urhulumente waseIndiya akugcinele abatyali-zimali bangaphandle nako akuqinisekanga. Nangona urhulumente elucuthile ulawulo kurhwebo lwangaphandle notyalo-mali, inkqubela phambili eyongezelelweyo kuhlaziyo lwezoqoqosho isaluthintela ufikelelo lwangaphandle kurhwebo olukhulu nolukhulayo lwaseIndiya, ngokutsho kweCIA World Factbook.
I-India yabekwa njengenye yeendawo ezili-10 ezisakhulayo zoKhenketho yiBhunga leHlabathi lokuHamba noKhenketho kulo nyaka uphelileyo.
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