Amasiko aseMelika kunye noKhuselo lweMida: Abangengobase-US abahamba ngenqwelo moya ukuya e-US ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezi-4

Uhambo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye norhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe luqhubekile lukhula kwi-FY2017 njengoko i-US Customs kunye noKhuseleko lweBorder (CBP) idibanise izinto ezintsha kunye nokuphunyezwa kobuchwepheshe obutsha ukukhawulezisa ukusetyenzwa kwenani lerekhodi labahambi ngeenqwelomoya kunye neempahla ezingena kweli lizwe. KwiNgxelo yayo yonyaka yoRhwebo nokuHamba ekhutshwe namhlanje, i-CBP inika iinkcukacha ngendima yayo ephambili ekuqhubeleni phambili ukukhula koqoqosho lwaseMelika nokugcina indawo yaseMelika njengeyona ndawo iphezulu yehlabathi kukhenketho kunye nohambo lweshishini.

“Amagosa e-CBP atyholwa ngokwenza imisebenzi emibini ebaluleke kakhulu—ukukhusela imida yaseUnited States nokuququzelela urhwebo nokuhamba ngokusemthethweni. I-CBP yabona amanani erekhodi yokufika kwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokunyuka kwempahla eqhutywe kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwezorhwebo kwi-FY2017, "kusho uMkomishinala oBambeleyo uKevin McAleenan. “Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kurhwebo kunye nohambo kuye kwacela umngeni kwi-CBP ukuba ingasebenzi nzima nje kuphela, kodwa ilumke ngakumbi: ibandakanya ubugcisa obutsha kunye nezinto ezintsha ezintsha kwimisebenzi yethu yemihla ngemihla. Ezi nzame zenguqu zibe nesiphumo sokusebenza kakuhle emoyeni, kwabahambi ngeenyawo, kwizithuthi nakwindawo ezithwala impahla. ”

Izinto eziphambili eziphunyeziweyo kwi-FY2017 ziquka:

Amagosa e-CBP aqhubene nabahambi abangaphezu kwe-397.2 yezigidi abahamba ngeenqwelo moya, emhlabeni, nakumazibuko olwandle kwi-FY2017, kubandakanywa nabahambi abangaphezu kwe-124.2 yezigidi kumazibuko omoya ekungeneni kuwo. Kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo, uhambo lwamazwe ngamazwe lukhule malunga ne-9.7 yeepesenti iyonke kunye ne-21.6 yeepesenti kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya.

Uhambo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwizibuko lomoya lase-US lokungena liye landa ngokuthe chu ukusukela ngo-FY2009. Ngo-FY2017, abahambi ngeenqwelomoya abafikayo banyuke nge-4.2 ekhulwini kwi-FY2016. Amagosa e-CBP amkele ekhaya i-7.6 yeepesenti ngaphezulu kubemi base-US abahamba kumazwe ngamazwe kunye ne-4.0 ekhulwini ngaphezu kwabemi abangengabo base-US kwiizibuko zomoya zokungena kwi-FY2017.

Kwiizibuko zomoya zokungena, iinkqubo ezifana ne-Global Entry, i-Automated Passport Control (APC) kunye ne-Mobile Passport Control (MPC) zinikeze abahambi iteknoloji esebenzisekayo ephucula amava abo okuhlola, ngelixa bekhawuleza inkqubo yokungena. Isabelo sabakhenkethi bezomoya abafikayo nabasebenza ngokuncediswa ngeendlela ezizisebenzelayo sikhule ukusuka kwi-3.3 yepesenti kwi-FY2013 ukuya ngaphezulu kwama-50 epesenti kwi-FY2017. Ngokubandakanya obu buchwepheshe, amaxesha okulinda ewonke kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezili-17 abonisa ukuba kukho umthamo omkhulu wetrafikhi, ukusetyenzwa ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokulinda okufutshane kubahambi abafikayo.

I-CBP iqhubele phambili nezicwangciso ze-FY2017 zokuphumeza inkqubo yokungena/yokuphuma ehlanganisiweyo yebhayometriki ebonelela ngeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo kumahlakani ohambo ngomoya ukongeza ekuhlangabezaneni nesigunyaziso sekhongolose senkqubo yokuphuma yebhayometriki. I-CBP inkqenkqeza phambili kwiinzame zokulungelelanisa inkqubo yohambo ngokubonelela ishishini lokuhamba ngomoya iqonga elikhuselekileyo lokuchonga nokuthelekisa abahambi kunye nezazisi zabo. Le teknoloji yebhayometriki inokuguqula indlela abahambi abadibana ngayo nezikhululo zeenqwelomoya, iinqwelomoya kunye ne-CBP-ukudala inkqubo yokuhamba engenamthungo ethembekileyo nekhuselekileyo.

I-CBP ikwazibophelele kwindima yayo emibini yokuququzelela urhwebo nokukhusela ingeniso. I-arhente ihlala ikwindawo yesibini enkulu yokuqokelela ingeniso kurhulumente wesigqeba, iqokelela malunga ne-40.1 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwimisebenzi, iirhafu kunye nezinye iifizi kwi-FY2017, kubandakanywa ngaphezu kwe-34.8 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwimisebenzi.

I-CBP isebenze i-2.39 yetriliyoni yezigidi zeerandi ekuthengisweni kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kwi-FY2017, elingana ne-33.2 yezigidi zamangenelo kunye ne-28.5 yezigidi zemigqomo yempahla evela kumazwe angaphandle kumazibuko e-US ekungeneni. Izikhongozelo zemithwalo ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle zonyuke malunga nepesenti ezi-5 ukusuka kwi-FY2016.

Ukunyanzeliswa kwemithetho yorhwebo kuhlala kungumba ophambili kwi-CBP. Ngo-FY2017, i-CBP yaphehlelela i-e-Allegation web portal ukuze amaqela angenise izityholo ze-Enforce and Protect Act (EAPA) kwi-intanethi. I-portal yenze kube lula kwaye isebenze ngakumbi kumalungu oluntu lwezorhwebo kunye nee-arhente zorhulumente wobumbano ukuba bangenise izityholo malunga nokunyanzeliswa komsebenzi, ukuphepha kwe-AD / CVD ngokuchasene nabathumeli baseMelika, kunye nokuphulwa kwe-IPR. Iingcali zorhwebo ze-CBP kunye neengcali zemixholo ziphonononga isityholo ngasinye ngononophelo kwaye sele ziqalisile ngophando ezili-14.

Ngokubambisana ne-US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), ukubanjwa kwezinto ezithunyelwa ngokuphulwa kwe-IPR kwanda ngeepesenti ze-8 kwi-FY2017 ukuya kwi-34,143. Ukongeza, i-CBP kunye ne-ICE zibambe ukuthunyelwa kwe-21 ngexabiso lasekhaya elingaphezu kwe-48.7 yezigidi zeedola ngokuphulwa kwe-Antidumping kunye ne-Countervailing Duties (AD/CVD). I-CBP iphinde yavalela iimpahla ezingama-26 ezixabisa i-1.6 yezigidi zeerandi kwiMiyalelo emine yokuBamba ukuKhutshwa okukhutshwe ngo-FY2016.

Inxalenye ephambili yomnqophiso worhwebo we-CBP kukuququzelela imithwalo, ngenjongo yokuhlengahlengisa nokukhuthaza urhwebo olungenamvisiswano, ngakumbi xa kujongwa ukutshintsha kwethekhinoloji neendlela zoshishino.

Ukuze kujongwane nemingeni ebangelwa yimeko yorhwebo eguqukayo, nanjengenxalenye yokuzinikela kwethu ekuxhaseni amashishini amancinci nasakhulayo, i-CBP iseke ngokusesikweni iSebe le-E-Commerce namaShishini amaNcinci kwiOfisi yoRhwebo ngo-FY2017. I-E-Commerce ubukhulu becala inoxanduva lokunyuka komthamo wempahla encinci engena kwi-US stream of Commerce. Isebe liphuhlisa iinjongo ezicwangcisiweyo kunye neenjongo zokubeka i-CBP ekusombululeni ngcono imingeni kwimeko ye-e-commerce ngoku nakwixesha elizayo.