UMyuziyam waseVatican utyhila amagumbi kaRafael

Imyuziyam yaseVictoria yavula iingcango zala magumbi mathathu (aphume kwabane) kaRaphael ukuya kwinani elikhethiweyo leentatheli kunye neendwendwe ezikhethekileyo zokuncoma ukubuyiselwa kwamagumbi awayeyindawo yokuhlala yabucala kaPopu Julius II.

Ubukho bukaNjingalwazi uChristoph Litpold Frommel, uMbhali wencwadi yobugcisa yamva nje ethi “I-Stanze di Raffaello,” eboniswe njengemboniso, yayiyibhonasi eyongeziweyo yomsitho okhethekileyo. UNks. Barbara Jatta, umlawuli weZiko loLondolozo lweMbali laseVatican wazisa umsebenzi kaNjingalwazi Frommel, walandelwa zizimvo zikaNjingalwazi.

UNjing Christoph Litpold Frommel, Nksz Barbara Jatta noNjingalwazi Stefania Pasti

Igumbi lesine, elisephantsi kokubuyiselwa, liza kuba lilungile ngo-2020. Amagumbi amane aya kuvulelwa uluntu ngo-2020 kumsitho wokubhiyozela isikhumbuzo sika-Emperor uConstantin kwaye wabizwa ngokuba "ngamaGumbi kaRafael" ukutsala umdla wabakhenkethi beVictoria Museum kunye zibandakanye kutyelelo lweSistine Chapel.

Ibali elifutshane:

Ngomnyaka we-1508 uPapa Julius II, ngoko ke ekuphakameni kobuqaqawuli bakhe, iSistine Chapel yayihonjiswe nguMichelangelo kunye namagumbi akhe abucala nguRafael, eqonda nje kwiminyaka embalwa eyona misebenzi mikhulu kwimbali yobugcisa. Ngelixa uMichelangelo egxile ekudalweni komntu, uRafael wakhupha iStanza della Segnatura (inkundla ephezulu yamapapa) isithethe esikhulu seMeditera, ukusukela kuHomer kude kube lixesha lakhe.

Ukuvulwa komjikelo weefresco yiSigramente esikelelekileyo, ehamba nathi kwiParnassus, kwaye yazisa iSikolo saseAthene, apho kuxoxwa khona ngemithetho kunye neemfihlakalo zendalo iphela, kwaye umjikelo uphetha ngomfanekiso welungu lowiso-mthetho uPapa.

Ingxaki enkulu, yezopolitiko kunye neyomntu siqu, ejongene noJulius II, inika iGumbi likaHeliodorus kamva ngokomoya, ulwalamano olusondeleyo nolunzima. Ngexesha leenkulungwane, upopu ukhokelwa kwitempile yaseYerusalem. Iyaqhutywa ke kumaxesha aphakathi iBolsena (isithili esikufutshane neRoma) kuba kufuneka iqiniseke ngeemfihlelo zokholo. Uzichaza kunye no-Leo Omkhulu owala u-Attila kwaye, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba asweleke, ingelosi iyamkhulula kwintolongo yasemhlabeni.

Abanyulwe ngo-Matshi 1513, uPopu omtsha, u-Leo X omncinci, wayalela uRafael ukuba enze ifresco kwigumbi lomlilo. Kodwa umelwe njengomenzi woxolo kunye no-Aeneas omtsha, njengomseki waseRoma, uphumelela umlo ngokuchasene nabangathembekanga, ubeka isithsaba sobukhosi kwintloko kaCarlo Magno (uFranco-Lombard ukumkani, umlawuli woBukhosi obuNgcwele baseRoma) kunye nokulwa kuzo zonke izityholo abekwa zona.

Ngomnyaka we-1519 uRafael ulungiselela umjikelezo kaConstantine kuPapa, kodwa udlula, eshiya umsebenzi ungagqitywanga. Lo mqulu kaNjingalwazi CLFrommel uhamba nathi kuhambo olunamagumbi asandula ukubuyiselwa kubuqaqawuli bendalo. Umsebenzi wobugcisa emva kobugcisa, utyhila injongo yemisebenzi, ebonisa inkcubeko ye-Renaissance kunye neepopu zayo.

UChristoph Litpold Frommel (Heidelberg, 1933) wayenguprofesa kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eBerkeley. Ukususela ngo-1980 ukuya ku-2001 wayengumlawuli weThala leeNcwadi laseHertziana laseRoma (uMax Planck-Institut). Phakathi kuka-2002 ukuya ku-2005 wayengunjingalwazi owaziwayo kwiYunivesithi yaseRoma kwaye wafumana isidanga sembeko kwiDyunivesithi yaseNaples Federico II. UliGosa eliyiNtloko leRiphabhlikhi yase-Italiya, ibhaso le-Borghese, i-Academician yaseLincei, iBritish Academy kunye neAkhademi yaseSan Luca; Wayelilungu leBhunga eliPhakamileyo leMveli yeNkcubeko yamaZiko kunye namaThala eeNcwadi kwaye ngo-2011 wafumana imbasa yeCultori di Roma.