I-coco de mer palm yaseSeychelles zizinto zentsomi. Imbewu yayo - eyona inkulu kwaye inzima emhlabeni - kwakukade kukholeleka ukuba ikhula kwimithi engaphantsi kwamaza olwandle lwase-Indian, kwaye ibambe amandla amakhulu okuphilisa. Kwanaxa kamva kwabonakala ukuba isundu likhula kumhlaba owomileyo, kwavela intsomi entsha: Ukuze kuveliswe le mbewu, isityalo esiyinkunzi nesemazi siyawolana ngobusuku obunesaqhwithi, okanye ibali lasekuhlaleni liyahamba.
Iintsomi zisenokuba njalo, kodwa intende yesundu isenomtsalane okhethekileyo. UStephen Blackmore eRoyal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, eUnited Kingdom uthi: “Icoco de mer kuphela kwesityalo esinamandla esinokumelana nepanda okanye ingwe enkulu. Ngoku inzululwazi evelisa imbewu yesundu esinomtsalane ingqineka ibangela umdla ngokufanayo.
Ngoko isityalo esikhula kumhlaba ongekho mgangathweni kwiziqithi ezibini nje kuphela sivelisa imbewu eyophula irekhodi efikelela kwisiqingatha semitha ububanzi yaye inobunzima obumalunga neekhilogram ezingama-25?
Bafumanise ukuba amagqabi anesinye kwisithathu kuphela senitrogen kunye ne phosphorus ebonwa kumagqabi eminye imithi kunye nezihlahlana ezikhula eSeychelles. Kwakhona, ngaphambi kokuba amagqabi amadala avuthululwe, isundu lizikhupha ngokufanelekileyo inkoliso yezondlo kuzo lize lizisebenzise ngokutsha. Utyalo-mali oluncinci kangaka emagqabini kuthetha ukuba intende inotyalomali olungaphezulu kwiziqhamo zayo.
Umzali onenkathalo
Kodwa ayisiyiyo kuphela indlela amagqabi anceda ngayo ukukhula kweziqhamo. Amagqabi amakhulu, abhityileyo asebenza ngokumangalisayo ekugaleleni amanzi ezantsi esiqwini ngexesha lemvula. U-Kaiser-Bunbury kunye noogxa bakhe babonise ukuba lo mjelo wamanzi uthatha nayiphi na i-detritus enomsoco emagqabini - iintyatyambo ezifileyo, i-pollen, ilindle leentaka kunye nokunye - kwaye uhlambe phantsi emhlabeni ngokukhawuleza malunga nesiseko sesundu. Ngenxa yoko, ukugxila kwenitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus emhlabeni oziisentimitha ezingama-20 ukusuka esiqwini ubuncinci bekungaphezulu kwama-50 ekhulwini kunomhlaba oziimitha ezi-2 ukusuka nje.
U-Blackmore uzibonele ngokwakhe indlela amagqabi asebenza ngayo amanzi omjelo-ngcono kunezinye iigatha kwizakhiwo zendawo, utsho. "Kodwa ukucinga malunga noko kungekuphela nje kokuhamba kwamanzi kodwa kwezondlo kwakubaluleke kakhulu ukucinga kwaye yongeza kakhulu ekuqondeni lo mthi omangalisayo," u-Blackmore wongezelela.
UHans Lambers kwiDyunivesithi yaseNtshona Ostreliya eCrawley, ofunda ngendlela izityalo eziye zaqhelana ngayo nezinga lephosphorous ephantsi kakhulu kumhlaba osemazantsi-ntshona eOstreliya, uthi amagqabi ecoco de mer avelisa izondlo “licebo elahluke ngokupheleleyo” .
Ukufumanisa kudibene nenye into ephawulekayo malunga nesundu: kubonakala ngathi yinto ekhethekileyo kwizityalo ekunyamekeleni izithole emva kokuba zihlume. Imithi emininzi iye yavelisa imbewu ehamba – emoyeni okanye emathunjini esilwanyana – ukuze izithole zingakhuphisani nomzali wazo ngezixhobo ezifanayo. Ixinene kwiziqithi ezibini kwaye ingakwazi ukudada, imbewu ye-coco de mer ayisoloko ihambe umgama omde.
Kodwa abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba izithole zizuza ngokukhula emthunzini womzali, kuba zikwazi ukufikelela kumhlaba onomsoco apho.
“Le yeyona nto kanye yandichukumisa kakhulu oogxa bam kunye nam malunga neLodoicea,” utshilo uKaiser-Bunbury. “Asazi ngolunye uhlobo [lwesityalo] esenza oku.”
Abantakwabo Pesky
Oku ayikachazi ukuba kutheni imbewu ibe nkulu kangaka. Ngokutsho kwenye ingcamango, kufuneka sibuyele kwiintsuku zokufa kweedayinaso ukuze sifumane ingcaciso. Malunga nezigidi ezingama-66 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, uhlobo lwesundu lwesundu luxhomekeke kwizilwanyana ukuba zisasaze imbewu yalo enkulu - kodwa mhlawumbi iphulukene nale ndlela xa i-sliver ye-continental crust equka i-Seychelles yahlukana ne-India ngoku, yahlula intende yesundu. .
Oku kuthetha ukuba izithole kufuneka ziqhelane nokukhula kwithunzi elimfiliba labazali bazo. Ngenxa yokuba imbewu enkulu yayiqulathe unikezelo olulungileyo lwezondlo, izithole zazisele zixhotyiselwe ukwenza oko, kwaye ekugqibeleni zoyisa uninzi lwezinye iintlobo zemithi kwi-ecosystem: ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, i-coco de mer palms zezona ntlobo zibalaseleyo emahlathini azo.
Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezingaqhelekanga zamahlathi alawulwa luhlobo olulodwa, ukhuphiswano lwabazalwana - kunokuba ukhuphiswano phakathi kweentlobo - lwaqhuba i-evolution, uthi uKaiser-Bunbury. Oku kuthetha ukuba isundu sakhula ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye imbewu enkulu ukunika izithole kunye novimba omkhulu wezondlo ukonyusa amathuba okuphila ngokuchasene nabazala bayo.
UKevin Burns kwiYunivesithi yaseVictoria yaseWellington, eNew Zealand, ufunda indlela izityalo ezikhula ngayo kwiziqithi ezikwanti, njengeSeychelles, kwaye uthi icoco de mer ibonakala ilandela ipateni yendaleko ngokubanzi. Uthi: “Izityalo zidla ngokuvelisa imbewu enkulu emva kokuba zihlale kwiziqithi ezikwanti, yaye iintlobo zezityalo zaseziqithini zidla ngokuba nembewu enkulu kunezalamane zazo zasemhlabeni. "Imbewu enkulu ihlala igcina izithole ezikhuphisanayo."
I-coco de mer palm ayikavezi zonke iimfihlo zayo okwangoku, nangona kunjalo. Ngokuchanekileyo indlela iintyatyambo zesetyhini - eyona inkulu kunayo nayiphi na isundu - i-pollinated ihlala iyimfihlakalo. Abarhanelwa benyosi beBlackmore bayabandakanyeka, kodwa abanye abaphandi bacinga ukuba amacilikishe anokudlulisa umungu kwimithi eyindoda ebude buziimitha ezisisi-1.5 ubude, iikati ezibonakala kwiphallic. Intsomi yasekuhlaleni, okwangoku, icebisa ukuba imithi eyindoda ikrazula emhlabeni ngeengokuhlwa ezinesaqhwithi kwaye ivalelane ngesondo lomzimba kunye neemazi. Luhlobo lwebali elongeza kumtsalane wesundu.
Umthombo: - INzululwazi eNtsha-Ireferensi yejenali: Ingcali yePhytologist eNtsha,
