Uphando olutsha lucebisa ukuba iziqithi eziphantsi kweTropiki zingenakuhlala kwisithuba seminyaka engama-30 ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle kunye nezikhukula eziqhutywa ngamaza. Iziqithi ezibandakanya iiholide zeparadesi ezifana neSeychelles kunye neMaldives (ezifanekisiweyo) zinokuchaphazeleka ngokukhawuleza nje ngo-2030, bathi.
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- Iingcali zafunda iSiqithi saseRoi-Namur kwiiMarshall Islands ukusuka kwi-2013 ukuya kwi-2015
- Owona mthombo wamanzi okusela kwii-atolls yimvula entywila emhlabeni
- Ukunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle kuqikelelwa ukuba kuya kubangela ukuba amanzi olwandle angcolise lo mthombo
- Oku kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kuba yinto eyenzeka ngonyaka embindini weNkulungwane yama-21
- Ukuhlala kwabantu kwiziqithi ze-atoll kunokuba yinto engenakwenzeka ngo-2030 ukuya kuma-2060
Uphando olutsha lucebisa ukuba iziqithi ezisezantsi eziphantsi kweTropiki azinakuhlala kwisithuba seminyaka engama-30 ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle kunye nezikhukula eziqhutywa ngamaza. Iingcali zilumkisa ukuba ugcino lwamanzi acocekileyo kwii-atolls kwiPasifiki kunye nolwandlekazi lwaseIndiya luya konakala kakhulu. imo iyatshintsha ukuba abaninzi abasayi kubaxhasa abantu. Izazinzulu ziqikelela ukuba embindini wale nkulungwane kuya kufikelelwa kumlinganiselo xa amanzi aphantsi komhlaba afanele ukuselwa eya kuthi shwaka ngokupheleleyo. Iziqithi ezibandakanya iiholide zeparadesi ezinjengeSeychelles kunye neMaldives zinokuchaphazeleka kwakamsinya nje ngo-2030, batsho.
Abaphandi abavela kwi-US Geological Survey (USGS) kunye neYunivesithi yaseHawaii eMānoa bagxininise kwiSiqithi saseRoi-Namur kwi-Kwajalein Atoll kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseMarshall Islands kwisifundo sabo sendawo, esenzeka ngoNovemba 2013 ukuya kuMeyi 2015. Umthombo oyintloko amanzi acocekileyo eziqithi ezinabemi yimvula entywila emhlabeni ize ihlale apho njengomaleko wamanzi acocekileyo aphantsi komhlaba adada phezu kwamanzi ashinyeneyo anetyuwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle kuqikelelwa ukuba kukhokelela kumanzi esiphango kunye namanye amaza akhukulayo nangaphaya kweziqithi ezisezantsi, ezibizwa ngokuba kukukhukhula. Le nkqubo yenza amanzi ahlaziyekileyo akwii-atolls angakulungeli ukuselwa ngabantu.
Iingcali zasebenzisa iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokutshintsha kwemozulu ukwenza impembelelo yokunyuka komgangatho wolwandle kunye nezikhukula eziqhutywa ngamaza kwindawo leyo. Izazinzulu ziqikelela ukuba, ngokusekwe kumazinga akhoyo ngoku akhoyo kwirhasi yobushushu behlabathi, ukukhukuliswa kwamanzi kuya kuba sisiganeko sonyaka kwiindawo ezininzi zeziqithi phakathi kweNkulungwane yama-21. Isiphumo sokulahleka kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba aselwayo kuya kwenza ukuba ukuhlala kwabantu kube nzima kwiindawo ezininzi ukuqala ngo-2030 ukuya kowama-2060s, bathi. Oku kuya kufuna ukufuduswa kwabemi besiqithi okanye utyalo-mali olukhulu lwezemali kwiziseko ezitsha, abaphandi bayalumkisa.
Abaphandi bagxininise kwiSiqithi saseRoi-Namur kwi-Kwajalein Atoll kwiRiphabhlikhi yeMarshall Islands (esithombeni) kuphononongo lwabo lwesiza, olwenzeka ukusuka ngoNovemba 2013 ukuya kuMeyi 2015 kwaye Iingcali zilumkisa ukuba iindawo zokugcina amanzi acwengileyo kwii-atolls kwiPacific kunye nolwandle lwaseIndiya, njenge. ezo zeMarshall Islands (ezikulo mfanekiso) ziya konakaliswa kukutshintsha kwemozulu kangangokuba abaninzi abasayi kubaxhasa abantu
UGqr Stephen Gingerich, isazi se-hydrologist sase-USGS, uthe: 'Izehlo zokukhukuliswa kwamanzi ngokubanzi zikhokelela kumanzi anetyuwa olwandle angena emhlabeni kwaye onakalise i-aquifer yamanzi acwengileyo. 'Ukuna kwemvula ekuhambeni konyaka akwanelanga ukukhupha amanzi etyuwa kunye nokuhlaziya amanzi esiqithi ngaphambi kokuba kufike izaqhwithi zonyaka olandelayo ziphinda iziganeko zokukhukula.' IRiphabliki yaseMarshall Islands ineziqithi ezingaphezu kwe-1,100 ezisemazantsi kwii-atolls ezingama-29, kwaye ilikhaya kumakhulu amawaka abantu. Amanqanaba olwandle ayenyuka, kunye namazinga aphezulu kwiindawo ezitshisayo, apho kukho amawaka eziqithi ezisezantsi ze-coral. Iqela lithe indlela yabo inokusebenza njenge-proxy yee-atolls kwihlabathi jikelele, uninzi lwazo ezinomhlaba ofanayo kunye nolwakhiwo - kubandakanywa, ngokomndilili, kunye nokuphakama komhlaba ophantsi.
Abaphandi bathi izinto ezintsha ezifunyanisiweyo azihambelani neMarshall Islands kuphela, kodwa nakwabo baseCaroline, Cook, Gilbert, Line, Society and Spratly Islands kwakunye neMaldives, Seychelles, and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Izifundo zangaphambili malunga nokomelela kwezi ziqithi ukunyuka komphakamo wolwandle kuqikelelwa ukuba ziya kuba neempembelelo ezincinci zokukhukula kude kube sekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-21. Kodwa uphononongo lwangaphambili alukhange luyithathele ngqalelo ingozi eyongezelelweyo yokugutyungelwa ngamaza ngokugqithisileyo okanye impembelelo yayo ekufumanekeni kwamanzi ahlaziyekileyo. Umbhali okhokelayo kuphononongo uGqr. Curt Storlazzi, wase-USGS, wongeze wathi: 'Indawo yokufikelela xa amanzi aselwayo aphantsi komhlaba engasekho kuninzi lweziqithi ze-atoll kuqikelelwa ukuba ingafikelelwa emva kombindi weNkulungwane yama-21. 'Olo lwazi lungundoqo ekuhloleni iingozi ezininzi kunye nokubeka phambili iinzame zokunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokwandisa ukuqina koluntu lweziqithi ze-atoll emhlabeni jikelele.'
Iziphumo ezipheleleyo zophononongo zapapashwa kwijenali Uphuhliso lwezesayensi
INTO ONOKUYITHATHA KWELI NQAKU:
- Abaphandi bagxininise kwiSiqithi saseRoi-Namur kwi-Kwajalein Atoll kwiRiphabhlikhi yeMarshall Islands (esithombeni) kuphononongo lwabo lwesiza, olwenzeka ukusuka ngoNovemba 2013 ukuya kuMeyi ka-2015 kwaye Iingcali zilumkisa ukuba iindawo zokugcina amanzi acwengileyo kwii-atolls kwiPacific kunye nolwandle lwaseIndiya, njenge. ezo zeMarshall Islands (ezikulo mfanekiso) ziya konakaliswa kukutshintsha kwemozulu kangangokuba abaninzi abasayi kubaxhasa abantu.
- Abaphandi abavela kwi-US Geological Survey (USGS) kunye neYunivesithi yaseHawaii eMānoa bagxininise kwiSiqithi saseRoi-Namur kwi-Kwajalein Atoll kwiRiphabhlikhi ye-Marshall Islands kwisifundo sabo sesayithi, esenzeka ngoNovemba 2013 ukuya kuMeyi 2015.
- Abaphandi bathi izinto ezintsha ezifunyanisiweyo azihambelani neMarshall Islands kuphela, kodwa nakwabo baseCaroline, Cook, Gilbert, Line, Society and Spratly Islands kwakunye neMaldives, Seychelles, and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.
