Naxa imozulu ishushu ngendlela eqhaqhazelis’ amazinyo, umbindi weZiko loLondolozo lweNdawo iRed eBhayi kunxweme olusemazantsi Afrika upholile. Esi sakhiwo senziwa ubukhulu becala ngentsimbi eluhlaza, intsimbi eneoksijini kunye nekhonkrithi enamabala. I-angular pewter façade isikhumbuza iifektri ezininzi ezithwaxa isixeko, esiliziko loshishino lorhwebo lweemoto eMzantsi Afrika.
“Le myuziyam, kuyo yomibini uyilo nakwimiboniso, ibonisa ubunyani bomzabalazo wale ndawo wokulwa ucalucalulo. Umzabalazo wawungekho shushu kwaye unelanga; kwakubuhlungu. Ibingathi bubusika obungapheliyo,” utshilo uChris du Preez, umlondolozi kunye nomlawuli obambeleyo kweli ziko, eliphumelele iimbasa ezininzi zoyilo lwehlabathi.
Iindledlana zentsimbi ezidlekileyo zijinga phezu kwabatyeleli, nto leyo eqinisa imbonakalo yentolongo. Kukho imibala embalwa eqaqambileyo yokutsala umdla kwimiboniso engaphakathi kwiMyuziyam yeNdawo eBomvu, kuphela izithunzi ezingwevu. Iikona zenza ithunzi elimnyama. Akukho khaphethi zokuthambisa izinyuko kwimigangatho yegranite. Amazwi avakala ngendlela eyothusayo kwiipaseji ezimfiliba.
D. Taylor
Umbono ongasemoyeni weZiko loLondolozo lweNdalo iRed, emi kwilokishi yaseBhayi enyakazelayo yaseNew Brighton … Sisikhumbuzo sokuqala esinje ehlabathini ukuba sakhiwe embindini wedolophu engathathi ntweni…
“Ngesi sithuba, abaqulunqi bafuna ukudala umoya ongakhululekanga, ophazamisekileyo; kuba ngathi ukhe wahlukaniswa nehlabathi xa ungena apha,” utsho uDu Preez. “Uyedwa, ucinezelwe, uvalelwe….”
Wongeza, “Uyilo lomzi-mveliso njengoko lubonwa ngaphandle lunika imbeko kwiimanyano zabasebenzi baseBhayi, abathi ngodushe lwemizi-mveliso noqhanqalazo badlala indima enkulu ekupheliseni ucalucalulo…. Kwaye, ewe, iziko lolondolozo lwembali likwafana nentolongo, ukunika imbeko kubo bonke abo bakulo mmandla ababevalelwe baza babulawa ngurhulumente wocalucalulo.”
Iibhokisi zememori
Indawo yokugcina izinto iye yaziwa kumazwe ngamazwe njengenye yezikhumbuzo zamalungelo oluntu eziphawulekayo ehlabathini. Ekungeneni kwabo, iindwendwe zijongana namatye amakhulu esamente. Iimonoliths zamatye zibonisa iifoto ezinkulu zamaqhawe ocalucalulo – abanye besaphila, abanye bafa kudala – ababekhuthele eRed Location, ilokishi ehlwempuzekileyo nelikhaya lemyuziyam. Amabali amatshantliziyo abaliswa kumaphepha angezantsi kwemifanekiso yawo.
Kweminye imiboniso, iziganeko zasekuhlaleni eziye zabonakala ziyincopho yemfazwe nxamnye nokongamela abamhlophe zidluliselwa ngamazwi, imifanekiso nesandi. Njengoko undwendwe lusondela kumfanekiso wamapolisa amhlophe anxibe izigcina-ntloko, ubuso bubambene ngezandla buphethe oombayimbayi, kuvakala isikhalo esibuhlungu kwisithethi esiphuma phezulu.
Esi sikhalo singcangcazelayo simele amanye amaxhoba ento ebizwa ngokuba “yimbubhiso yakwaLanga.” Ngo-1985, emva komngcwabo, abezokhuselo bengcinezelo badubula ngembumbulu kwinginginya yabantu ababezilile kuMaduna Road kwilokishi yakwaLanga ekufutshane, kwafa abantu abangamashumi amabini.
Kodwa eyona ndawo iphambili kule myuziyam “ziibhokisi zememori” ezili-12 ezinkulu, eziziimitha ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-6 ukuphakama ezenziwe ngamazinki abomvu asele esetyenziswe ngabantu basekuhlaleni kangangamashumi eminyaka xa besakha amatyotyombe abo, nalapho “iNdawo eBomvu” ithatha khona igama layo.
“Ibhokisi nganye yeenkumbulo ibonisa ibali lobomi okanye imbono yabantu okanye amaqela awayesilwa norhulumente wocalucalulo,” uyacacisa uDu Preez.
Kwibhokisi yenkumbulo yokunika imbeko kwitshantliziyo uVuyisile Mini, kujinga intambo yokuxhoma kwisilingi. Ngo-1964, imanyano yabasebenzi yaseBhayi yaba ngomnye wamalungu okuqala e-African National Congress (ANC) ukubulawa ngurhulumente wocalucalulo. Umbalisi ubalisa ibali likaMini; iyatshotshozela kwizithethi ngokukhawuleza xa undwendwe lubeka unyawo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo esonakeleyo.
Ayiyiyo imyuziyam 'eqhelekileyo'…
Indawo ebekwe kuyo imyuziyam ibonakalisa kakhulu. Kwakukummandla weRed Location, ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1950, apho owayesakuba ngumongameli uNelson Mandela waqulunqa “iM-Plan” yakhe yokuhlanganisa amalungu e-ANC kuthungelwano lwesizwe oluphantsi komhlaba. Kulapha, ebutsheni beminyaka yoo-1960, apho iANC yaqala khona ukulwa norhulumente wocalucalulo xa yayiseka isebe lokuqala lephiko lomkhosi, uMkhonto weSizwe, okanye “umkhonto weSizwe.” Kwaye kuyo yonke i-1970 kunye ne-1980s, Indawo eBomvu yabona amadabi amaninzi amabi phakathi kwamajoni amnyama kunye namajoni amhlophe kunye namapolisa.
Nangona eli ziko likwindawo efanelekileyo ngokweempawu zembali, ingcaphephe yelifa lemveli uDu Preez uthi imyuziyam “yayithwaxwa yimingeni” kwasekuqaleni. Ngo-2002, xa urhulumente wayeqalisa ukuyakha, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni - kwabona bantu babemele ukuxhamla kule projekthi - baqhankqalaza ngokuchasene nayo.
“Bekukho ingxaki encinci kuba uluntu luvakalise ukungoneliseki kwalo. Babefuna izindlu; babengenamdla kwimyuziyam,” utsho uDu Preez.
Ukongeza kwinkcaso, uyacacisa, yinto yokuba kuninzi lwabantu abantsundu baseMzantsi Afrika imyuziyam “yayiyinto yasemzini kakhulu …
Umlondolozi uthi uninzi lwabantu abamnyama baseMzantsi Afrika abakayazi ukuba yintoni na imyuziyam.
“Uninzi lwabantu balapha babecinga ukuba siza kuba nezilwanyana apha. Ndandisoloko ndibuzwa xa ndiqalisa (ndisebenza apha), 'Uza kuzizisa nini izilwanyana?' Abanye abantu basangena apha belindele ukubona izilwanyana, ngokungathi lo ngumyezo wezilwanyana!” uyahleka.
Kuko konke oko kubhideka nenkcaso, lo msebenzi wema kangangeminyaka emibini. Kodwa kwathi nje ukuba urhulumente wephondo akhe ezinye izindlu eRed Location wathembisa ezinye, kwaphinda kwaqaliswa ulwakhiwo.
Imyuziyam yakhiwa kwaye yasungulwa ngo-2006, kodwa imingeni emitsha yavela ngokukhawuleza.
I-ronic, isikhumbuzo 'esiphikisanayo'
UDu Preez uyacacisa, “Le yimyuziyam yokuqala (ehlabathini) eneneni izinze kanye embindini welokishi (ehluphekileyo). Oko kubangela zonke iintlobo zeengxaki. Umzekelo, imyuziyam iqhutywa ngumasipala wengingqi kwaye ke ngoko ibonwa njengeziko likarhulumente….”
Oku kuthetha ukuba xa abantu basekuhlaleni bengonwabanga lunikezelo lwenkonzo karhulumente, njengoko beqhele ukuba njalo, bankqonkqoza kumnyango wakwaDu Preez. Uhleka ecaphukile, “Xa abantu beneengxaki (norhulumente) kwaye befuna ukuqhanqalaza okanye ukubonisa (umsindo wabo), bakwenza oko apha phambi kwemyuziyam!”
UDu Preez uchaza eli ziko “njengemyuziyam eqhelekileyo” kunye “nendawo entsonkothileyo, kwanendawo ephikisanayo.” Uyavuma ukuba iyamangalisa into yokuba into eyakhelwe ukuhlonipha ubutshantliziyo iye yaba yinto ekujoliswe kuyo kubutshantliziyo boluntu.
Kanye njengokuba abantu baseRed Location babesilwela ukususa urhulumente wocalu-calulo, basaqhubeka nokulwa ukungabikho kobulungisa ekucingelwa ukuba kwakusenziwa ngurhulumente wangoku we-ANC … besebenzisa imyuziyam njengendawo yokugxila.
UDu Preez, nangona kunjalo, uyasiqonda isizathu sokuba abantu abahlala kufutshane neziko bahlala bekhuphela umsindo wabo kwindawo yalo.
“Abanye baba bantu basahlala ematyotyombeni apha; basasebenzisa inkqubo yamabhakethi (kuba abanazo izindlu zangasese); basebenzisa iimpompo zasekuhlaleni; intswela-ngqesho iphambili kule ndawo,” utshilo.
Iindwendwe ze-15,000 rhoqo ngenyanga
Kodwa uDu Preez ugxininisa ukuba iMyuziyamu yeNdawo eBomvu ngoku “yamkelwe kakhulu” luluntu lwengingqi, ngaphandle koqhanqalazo oluthe gqolo oluchasene norhulumente kwimihlaba yalo.
“Asifuni kwa … ukhuseleko kule ndawo. Zange saqhekezwa apha; zange sibenangxaki malunga nolwaphulo mthetho apha. Kuba abantu bayayikhusela le ndawo; yindawo yabo,” utshilo.
Ubungqina bokukhula kokuthandwa kweziko bufumaneka kumanani abatyeleli. Babonisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15,000 yabantu abayindwendwela nyanga nganye. Uninzi lwaba bandwendweli, utsho uDu Preez, ngabantu abatsha abamhlophe baseMzantsi Afrika. Oku kuyamkhuthaza ngakumbi.
“Abasawuboni umbala. Abanayo loo mthwalo (yocalucalulo)… Babonisa umdla omkhulu kwimbali yomzabalazo; bayachukunyiswa yiyo kanye njengokuba nawuphi na umntwana omnyama echukunyiswa yiyo,” utshilo uDu Preez.
Ngaphandle kwemyuziyam kukho ingxolo yobuninzi beesila, ii-jackhammers kunye ne-drill. I-scaffolding iyangxola njengoko abasebenzi benyuka ngayo. Ukwandiswa okukhulu kwesi sikhumbuzo socalucalulo kuyaqhubeka. Iziko lobugcisa kunye nesikolo sobugcisa ziyakhiwa, kunye nethala leencwadi lokuqala laseAfrika elisebenza ngedijithali. Apha, abasebenzisi - ngeekhompyutha - kungekudala baya kuba nokufikelela kwiincwadi kunye neminye imithombo yolwazi olupheleleyo olukwimo yedijithali, ukukhawulezisa uphando nokufunda.
Ngalo lonke utshintsho kunye nemingeni eqhubekayo kwiMyuziyamu yeNdawo eBomvu, iDu Preez iqinisekile ukuba iya kuqhubeka ukuba yindawo yoqhanqalazo oluhlabayo oluchasene norhulumente. Kwaye uthi “ukhululeke ngokupheleleyo” ngale nto.
Uyancuma, “Ngandlel’ ithile, uqhanqalazo ngokwalo luyimiboniso – kunye nobungqina bokuba ekugqibeleni uMzantsi Afrika uyidemokhrasi.”
