Ukutyala imali kwabasetyhini kunye namantombazana

Sibona amatsha amatsha xa kufikwa kwindlela oorhulumente abalungisa ngayo iingxaki, nabo. Kakade ke, imigaqo-nkqubo ephambili idla ngokuthatha iminyaka, namashumi eminyaka, ukuba imiliselwe kwaye ibe nempembelelo. Kodwa yakuba iphunyeziwe yaza yaphunyezwa loo migaqo-nkqubo inokuba nemiphumo efikelela kude nehlala ixesha elide. Ngeendlela ezininzi, ukwenza umgaqo-nkqubo osebenzayo lolona tyalo-mali lwexesha elide.

Qwalasela lo bhubhani ngokwahlulahlulwa ngokwesini ngokwesini: Nangona ilizwe ngalinye linebali lalo elahlukileyo elinokulibalisa, sibona ukuba kumazwe anengeniso ephezulu kunye nanengeniso ephantsi ngokufanayo, abafazi baye babethwa kanobom kunamadoda kukudodobala kwehlabathi okubangelwe kukudodobala koqoqosho. isifo esikho elizweni jikelele. Kodwa-okubalulekileyo-idatha ikwabonisa ukuba impembelelo embi kwabasetyhini ibincinci kumazwe ebenemigaqo-nkqubo yeenjongo zesini phambi kobhubhane.

Yiyo loo nto sikhuthazwa kakhulu ukubona oorhulumente behlabathi bebeka abasetyhini kwindawo yokuqala kucwangciso lwabo lokubuyisela uqoqosho kunye nokwenza imigaqo-nkqubo.

IPakistan yandise inkqubo yayo ye-Ehsaas Emergency Cash ukufumana imali kumakhaya ahluphekayo, kunye nabasetyhini benza isibini esithathwini sabamkeli benkqubo ekujoliswe kubo. I-Ehsaas ibonelele ngoncedo lwemali olungxamisekileyo ngexesha lo bhubhani kumakhaya aphantse abe zizigidi ezili-15 anemivuzo ephantsi-ama-42% abemi belizwe. Kwaye iziphumo ziya kuba nefuthe elihlala njalo: ngaphezu kwe-10 yezigidi zabasetyhini abangeniswa kwinkqubo yemali esemthethweni okokuqala.

I-Argentina isanda kupapasha uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokuqala kunye nembono yesini, iqondise ngaphezu kwe-15% yenkcitho yoluntu kwiinkqubo ezijolise kukungalingani ngokwesini. Ngesikhokelo esivela kumlawuli osandula kuqeshwa kwezoqoqosho, ukulingana, kunye nesini kwiSebe lezoQoqosho, baye bamkela imigaqo-nkqubo exhasa abasetyhini kunye neentsapho, njengokuseka amaziko amatsha angama-300 ononophelo lwabantwana kwezona ngingqi zihluphekayo zelizwe.

Yaye eUnited States, urhulumente welizwe laseHawaii ubeka amabhinqa namantombazana—kunye nabemi bomthonyama baseHawaii, abaphambukeli, abantu abatshintshe isini nabangengobantu babhinqileyo, nabantu abahlwempuzekileyo—phambili kwimigudu yakhe yokubuyisela uqoqosho. Isicwangciso sokuqala esisekelwe kwisini sokubuyisela uqoqosho eUnited States siquka imigaqo-nkqubo eqinisekisiweyo exhasa ukuxhotyiswa kwabasetyhini ixesha elide kwezoqoqosho, njengeentsuku zokugula ezihlawulelwayo kunye nekhefu losapho, ukukhathalelwa kwabantwana, kunye nokunyusa umvuzo ophantsi weyure woomama abangenamaqabane.

Silangazelela ukubona iziphumo zexesha elide eziphuma kwezi ndlela zintsha zokuxhobisa abasetyhini ngokwezoqoqosho. Kodwa nakweli nqanaba lokuqala, ezi zikhuthaza iimodeli ezintsha zokwenza umgaqo-nkqubo. Le migaqo-nkqubo ayizukwenza mahluko nje kwixesha elifutshane; baya kunceda ukuqinisekisa uzinzo olukhulu lwezoqoqosho kwixesha elizayo xa kuvela ingxaki.

NakuPhambili, NakuKhawulezayo

Ukuba kulo nyaka uphelileyo usibonise nantoni na, yile: Ukujongana nengxaki ekhoyo kuthetha ukuba siya kuhlala sidlala. Ukuze senze “imimangaliso” yexesha elizayo yenzeke, kufuneka sicinge ngokwezizukulwana, kungekhona kumjikelezo weendaba.

Utyalo-mali lwexesha elide alufane lube yinto enika umdla, elula, okanye edumileyo ukuyenza. Kodwa abo bazenzileyo babone imbuyekezo enentsingiselo phakathi kwentlekele yobungakanani bembali. Uninzi lwezinto ezintsha zonyaka odlulileyo zinento enye efanayo: Zikhule kwimbewu eyatyalwa kwiminyaka-okanye amashumi eminyaka ngaphambili.

Ke, kucace ngakumbi kunakuqala ukuba sifuna oorhulumente abaninzi, imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, kunye neziseko ezifana nezethu ukwenza utyalo-mali olucinga kwangaphambili, sisazi ukuba imbuyekezo inokuba yiminyaka emininzi ukwehla. Kufuneka sisebenzisane nabanye ukuxhasa abaphandi abanetalente kwihlabathi jikelele ukuchonga izixhobo ezitsha kunye nobugcisa obunokuba yimiqobo yokwakha ukusombulula inkitha yemingeni. Kwaye kufuneka siqinise intsebenziswano kumazwe ngamazwe kunye namacandelo ukuze sisebenze kunye sijolise kwiinjongo ezifanayo.

Kodwa akwanelanga ukuba amazwe anengeniso ephezulu aqhubeke etyala imali kunye nezixhobo ngaphakathi kwaye enethemba lokuba izinto ezintsha eziguqula umdlalo ziya kwihlabathi liphela. Kukwafuneka sityale imali kwi-R&D, iziseko ezingundoqo, kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kuzo zonke iintlobo kufutshane nabantu abaninzi abamele ukuxhamla.

Imithombo emitsha yokuqalisa izinto ezintsha

Sibonile ukuba ukufikelela kugonyo lwe-COVID-19 kunxulunyaniswa kakhulu neendawo apho kukho isitofu sokugonya i-R&D kunye namandla okwenza. I-Latin America, i-Asiya, kunye ne-Afrika zibethelwa kakhulu kukwahluka kwe-delta ngoku kuba uninzi lwabemi babo alusagonywanga. I-Afrika, ngokukodwa, ibe nobunzima bokufikelela kwiidosi eziyifunayo. Ilizwekazi—ikhaya kwi-17% labemi behlabathi—lingaphantsi kwe-1% yokwenziwa kogonyo lwehlabathi. Ukuba iinkokeli zase-Afrika, ngenkxaso yabaxhasi, zityala imali kwaye zakha uphuhliso logonyo lwengingqi oluzinzileyo kunye nenkqubo yokwenziwa kwendalo, ilizwekazi liya kuba mbalwa kakhulu amathuba okuba libe lelokugqibela kubhubhani wexesha elizayo.

Yiyo loo nto sixhasa i-African CDC kunye nombono weManyano ye-Afrika yokwenza oko kanye ngo-2040. Asiyo-Afrika kuphela eya kuxhamla kukhuseleko oluphuculweyo lwezempilo kunye nokulungela ubhubhane; Ihlabathi liphela liya kuxhamla kwimithombo emitsha ye-R&D kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha zenzululwazi.

I-Afrika izibophelele ekusekeni ukuveliswa kwe-mRNA kwilizwekazi, kwaye sele, iinkampani ze-mRNA ziyanyuka ukwenza oko kube yinyani. Oku kuya kuvumela i-Afrika ukuba yenze amayeza okugonya kungekuphela nje i-COVID-19, kodwa kunokwenzeka nakwimalariya, isifo sephepha, kunye ne-HIV-izifo ezichaphazela ngokungafaniyo abona bantu basesichengeni.

Ikhwelo lethu lokutyala imali kufutshane nomthombo luphawu lwenkolelo yethu kubuchule babantu kwihlabathi liphela bokwenza izinto ezintsha kunye nokusombulula iingxaki ezinzima. Ingcamango enkulu elandelayo okanye impumelelo esindisa ubomi inokuvuswa naphi na emhlabeni, nangaliphi na ixesha. Enoba ihlabathi liya kungenelwa kusini na kuxhomekeke kuthi sonke.

Ukusabela kwiingxaki kuqala iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke.

Akukho nzima ukuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni welizwe apho izimvo zikaGqr. Karikó zenguqu malunga ne-mRNA zingazange ziyifumane inkxaso-mali ebeziyidinga. Okanye ilizwe apho iAfrika ingenaso esayo amandla olandelelwano lwe-genomic-kwaye umahluko we-beta awukwazanga ukulandelelana kwangethuba ukuze isebenze ngokukhawuleza.

Ubhubhani ufundise umhlaba isifundo esibalulekileyo: Ukuphendula kwiintlekele kuqala kwiminyaka ngaphambi kokuba yenzeke. Kwaye ukuba sifuna ukuba ngcono, ngokukhawuleza, kwaye silingane kwindlela yethu yokuphumeza iiNjongo zeHlabathi ngo-2030, kufuneka siqale ukuseka isiseko. Ngoku.

Ubizo lokuziqhelanisa: Abaqambi beMpembelelo

Kanye njengokuba amazwe, uluntu, kunye nemibutho ibisenza izinto ezintsha ngexesha le-COVID, izigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela zisibonisile ukuba ngamnye wethu-sonke-nakho ukwenza uphawu. Aba bathathu abacinga kunye nabenzi. Bancedisa imibono yokuzalwa, uyilo, kunye neentsana. Bangabenzi, abaqhutywa luthando, ulwazi, kunye nentando engenakunqandwa yokusombulula iingxaki, kwaye abathintelwa ngamaxesha anzima. Xa i-COVID-19 yabetha umhlaba, yomeleza kuphela umoya wabo. Ngokunyaniseka okuhlaziyiweyo kunye nokuzimisela, batshintsha into abayenzayo kunye nendlela abasebenza ngayo. Kubo, ubhubhane waba lubizo lokuziqhelanisa. Kwaye ukwenza ngcono. Ukwazisa wena kubo sisiqalo nje. Siza kuqhubeka sijonge ukubalisa amabali abanye abaninzi abakhangela iindlela ezivuthayo zehlabathi elingcono.

Ukusungula izitofu zokugonya: Zama uMasiyiwa

NgoMeyi ka-2020, xa umhlaba wawufuna i-PPE, izixhobo zokuvavanya, kunye nezixhobo zokungenisa umoya, imogul yonxibelelwano lwaseZimbabwe uStrive Masiyiwa wamkela umngeni omkhulu. Osanda kuqeshwa njengomnye wabathunywa abakhethekileyo beManyano ye-Afrika kwimpendulo ye-COVID, uye waqalisa ukuleqa isantya esiphezulu ukuze ancede abahlali base-Afrika abazibhiliyoni ezisisi-1.3 abafuna uncedo lwezonyango.

“Ubonelelo lwehlabathi lonke lwalunqongophele, kwaye yaba ngumlo. I-Afrika yayisikelwe umda,” utshilo ngelo xesha. Ukunika ingxelo koomongameli abasixhenxe base-Afrika abathi, kunye ne-CDC yase-Afrika, babumba i-COVID-19 Task Force yelizwekazi, umceli mngeni wawucacile: “Umsebenzi wam kukulungisa ingxaki ephambi kwam. Ndiqinisekisa njani ukuba ezi zinto ziyimfuneko ziyahamba? ” uthi.

U-Strive wenze umsebenzi wokuzama ukulungisa iingxaki eziphambi kwakhe. Ngo-1991, usomashishini omncinci wacelwa yinkampani yezizwe ngezizwe ukuba incede ukuzisa iifowuni zesathelayithi eAfrika. Ukuba unyuse i-US40 yezigidi zeedola, uya kufumana i-5% yenkampani kunye nokunqunyulwa kwefowuni nganye ekugqibeleni ithengiswe kwilizwekazi. Kodwa emva kweminyaka emibini ezama, akazange aphumelele. Edimazekile, uStrive wabuyela kwishishini lakhe lokwakha, zada zadibana izifundo. Ukusebenzisa i-Global System ye-Mobiles (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-GSM kunye ne-3G) ibonakala njengethuba elikhulu lokuzisa iifowuni kwilizwekazi ngokwakhe. “Ngequbuliso, zonke izinto endizifundileyo ... zaba ngumoya omkhulu. Kwaba ngathi ndihambele phambili iminyaka engama-25 njengosomashishini!” uthi.

Ukuya phambili ngokukhawuleza kwi-COVID-19. Kwiintsuku nje ezingama-28 emva kokuqeshwa kwakhe, u-Strive wahlanganisa iqela lobuchwephesha ukuze baphuhlise kwaye baphehlelele i-African Medical Supplies Platform (AMSP), indawo yentengiso esebenzisekayo kwi-intanethi yoorhulumente base-Afrika abangama-55 ukuze bafikelele kwizinto zonyango ezinxulumene ne-COVID, ukulungelelanisa izinto, kunye nokudibanisa amandla okuthenga. kwizinto ezifana nezixhobo zovavanyo zeLumira kunye nonyango olufana nedexamethasone. U-Strive kunye neqela lakhe baye benza umbhobho wokungenisa umoya okumgangatho ophezulu oza kuveliswa eMzantsi Afrika, ukwehlisa iindleko ngokuphindwe kalishumi. Kwaye kamva, xa ukuhanjiswa kwesitofu sokugonya i-COVAX kwilizwekazi kwalibaziseka, i-Strive ayizange isebenze kuphela ekukhuseleni iikhontrakthi ngokuzimeleyo ngeQela le-African Vaccine Acquisition Task Team (AVATT), kodwa yanceda nokuqinisekisa ukuba ukwenziwa kwesitofu sokugonya kuya kwenzeka e-Afrika. IBhanki yeHlabathi kunye neManyano ye-Afrika iqikelela ukuba ngoJanuwari ka-2022, abavelisi base-Afrika baya kuba bethabathe inxaxheba ekuvelisweni kweedosi ezifikelela kwizigidi ezingama-400 ukuze zisasazwe ekhaya.

Umgxeki oqatha wamazwe anezixhobo eziphezulu “etyhala indlela eya phambili emgceni ukuze akhusele iimpahla zemveliso,” u-Strive uyala ukuchasa ugonyo lobuzwe, uluvo oluye—ngeendlela ezininzi—luchaza umsebenzi wakhe. “Asizange sicele nabani na ukuba asinike nantoni na simahla,” uyagxumela. "Ukufikelela ngokulinganayo kuthetha ukuthenga amayeza okugonya kwangolo suku kunye nexesha afumaneka ngalo."

Umisa kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe wosuku ngexesha lo bhubhani, u-Strive uchithe unyaka ophelileyo ethethathethana ukuze ancede ukunciphisa ukungalingani kwamayeza phakathi kwamazwe atyebileyo kunye nama-Afrika kwaye uye waba yinxalenye yengqondo, injini, kunye nentliziyo yempendulo enkulu yase-Afrika ye-COVID-19. “Xa sithetha ngokupha abantu, sisoloko sithetha ngemali. Kodwa le yingxaki eyenzeka kanye ebomini, kwaye ubungakanani bayo, zombini ngokweendleko zomntu kunye nobomi bomntu, kunye neendleko zoqoqosho, bunzulu kakhulu. Kufuneka uyiyeke lento uyenzayo kwaye ujongane nayo,” utshilo.

Ukusungula ukuzalwa: Efe Osaren

UEfe wayesanda kufika esibhedlele xa yonke into yatshintsha. Kwimizuzu engaphambili, xa isiXeko saseNew York sabhengeza ukuvalwa kwayo kwe-COVID-19, wayehamba ngaphantsi komhlaba kuhola wendlela, ephonononga imeko yomthengi wakhe: umfazi omdala, ukuphumla ebhedini, icandelo le-C elinokubakho, umntwana owayeza kusiwa ngqo kwi-NICU. Koomama bokuqala, ngakumbi abo bakhulelweyo kakhulu, ukuzalwa kunokuba ngamava abuhlungu. Ku-Efe, umsebenzi wakhe njenge-doula wawuthetha ukubamba isandla sabo kuhambo olungenasiphelo, eqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo alunabungozi kumama nosana ngokufanayo. Ngaphandle kokuba ngale mihla ibilindelwe nguMatshi, intsholongwane engabonakaliyo yamthintela kwigumbi lokubelekisa.

U-Efe Osaren wayeneminyaka eli-15 xa wayethabatheke lisiko elikhethekileyo apho umtshana wakhe osandul’ ukuzalwa wayesoluliwe waza wathanjiswa ngeoli yesundu kunye namadlavu ashushu. Yayiyibhafu yesiYoruba, kwaye umama wakhe waxelela u-Efe ukuba wayehlanjwe ngolo hlobo naye, ngoko wayeza kukhula enamathambo omelele. Ibhafu ayizange imenze i-Efe ingaqhawuki, kodwa yayiyibumba. Umfundi waseNigeria waseMelika ohlala eTexas wayesazi ngoko ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa isiko kunye nesayensi ukunceda iintsana ukuba zize emhlabeni zisempilweni. Ingakumbi iintsana ezizalwa ngabafazi bemibala.

EUnited States, oomama abatsha abaNtsundu bafa ngamaxabiso aphakamileyo kunabamhlophe—kungakhathaliseki ubudala, imfundo, indawo yokuhlala yasemaphandleni okanye yasezidolophini, okanye imeko yezentlalo nezoqoqosho. Oomama abantsundu banamathuba aphindwe kathathu okusweleka ekubelekeni kunabamhlophe. UEfe uthi: “Indenza ndizive ndinomsindo kubantu endibathengelayo. Yiyo loo nto ekwasebenza njengommeli wobulungisa ekuzalweni. “Ukukhulelwa kufuna ukuba uzive ukhuselekile. Xa ungakhululekanga, unoloyiko…olunokukhokelela kwimeko kaxakeka yezonyango.”

Ukubuyela kwisibhedlele sase-NYC, wadibana nolona loyiko lwakhe lubi — wayengenakukwazi ukuba lapho nomxhasi wakhe. Ngaphandle kwexesha lokuphulukana, wabiza iqabane lomthengi wakhe kwaye wamnika ikhosi yengozi kwindawo yokuphumla: indlela yokunceda umama aphefumle, indlela yokumgcina ezolile ngokujongana kwamehlo, indlela yokucinezela esinqeni sakhe nasemva, indlela yokufaka ukuzithemba yakhe, indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuba ukhweliswe kwi-OR, uya kukhuseleka.

Uqeqesho oludanyazayo lwaba luyilo lwepivot ye-Efe ngexesha le-COVID. Waqala ukufundisa iiklasi zokuzala, exhobisa abathengi bakhe ngolwazi, kwaye nokubanceda bafumane iitripods kunye nezithethi zeBluetooth kwiifowuni zabo ukuze bakwazi ukuncokola ngevidiyo ngexesha lomsebenzi.

Ummeli wabasetyhini abanemibala yomsebenzi wakhe wonke, u-Efe ngoku uyabaxhobisa ukuba benze umsebenzi ngokwabo. Ayingomsebenzi ulula lowo, kuba uye wangunogada, i-concierge, iTherapist, kunye nomlamli. Kodwa uyazi ukuba umsebenzi wakhe ubalulekile.

Qaphela: Nangona uphando lubonisa ukuba ungenelelo oluthile lunokuphucula amava okuzalwa kumama, uphando olongezelelweyo kunye nenkxaso-mali iyadingeka ukuchonga ukungenelela okunciphisa ukungalingani ngokobuhlanga kwiziphumo zomama. Ngokufanelekileyo, iinkqubo zophuculo lomgangatho wokubeleka ezimele ezona nkqubo zikhoyo zingcono kufuneka zandiswe kwaye zibe mgangathweni.

Ukusungula iPPE: Kuldeep Aryal

NgoAprili 25, 2015, uKuldeep Aryal wayesegumbini lakhe efundela iimviwo zobunjineli basekholejini xa inyikima enkulu yavula iNepal. Emva kokuchitha imizuzu engapheliyo ezifihle phantsi kwemiqadi yesakhiwo sendlu yakhe kwaye ebambelele ebomini engenanto ngaphandle komthandazo, u-Kuldeep waphuma ngaphandle kwaye wafumana ikhaya lommelwane wakhe liphantsi. Yayiyenye yezindlu ezingama-700,000 XNUMX ezadilizwa yinyikima.

Njengoko wayeqalisa ukuphakamisa izitena neethayile, kwaphakama umbuzo phantsi kobugoxo. "Ndifuna kangakanani ukuzibandakanya kwam nehlabathi kube nefuthe?" wazibuza. Kwaye kwazalwa umntu onceda abantu. Andizange ndijonge ngasemva. Into awayengayazi ngelo xesha yayikukuba umsebenzi wakhe kwimpendulo yaseNepal kunye nomzamo wokubuyisela uya kugqiba ukwazisa ukuba wenze njani yonke into ukusukela oko.

Xa i-COVID-19 yabetha eMzantsi Asia, uKuldeep wayehlala eDhaka. Njengazo zonke ezinye izizwe emhlabeni, i-Bangladesh nayo ibitsala nzima ekufumaneni i-PPE, ukwenza iinkqubo zokulandela umkhondo wonxibelelwano, kunye nokufumana ingcaciso malunga nokuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuvalelwa ekhaya ngokungenasiphelo. Kodwa ithemba, kwavela, lalininzi. “Esi yayisisiganeko esichukumisayo. Ndaya kumaqela eencoko, safumana izixhobo zonyango ezivulelekileyo, kwaye saqala ukwabelana ngezimvo malunga nendlela yokwenza izinto ngokwethu,” utshilo. Waqhagamshelana needyunivesithi ezazinokumnceda ngeeprinta ze3D. Uqokelele izixhobo. Kwaye kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa, wayevelisa izikhuselo zobuso kuluntu lwakhe.