Amatyala awongezelelekileyo okusweleka kwingozi ye-Boeing 737-8 MAX, eqhutywa njenge-Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, yafakwa eChicago, IL, ekufeni kukaVirginia Chimenti, owayevela e-Roma, e-Itali nase-Ghislaine De Claremont, wase-Wallonia, Bheljiyam. UChimenti noDe Claremont babephakathi kwabantu abali-157 ababulawa ngo-Matshi 10, 2019 ET302 yengozi yenqwelomoya eAddis Ababa, e-Ethiopia.
Amacala afakwe kwiNkundla yeSithili sase-United States kwiSithili esiseMantla e-Illinois yinkampani yase-New York esekwe umthetho i-Kreindler & Kreindler LLP, kunye nabacebisi abasebenza eChicago base-Power Rogers kunye no-Smith LLP, u-Fabrizio Arossa wase-Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP eRoma (egameni losapho lukaVirginia Chimenti), noJean-Michel Fobe waseSybarius Avocats, eBrussels, eBelgium (egameni losapho lukaGhislaine De Claremont). Abamangalelwa kwelityala yinkampani esekwe eBoing yaseChicago kunye neRosemount Aerospace, Inc. yaseMinnesota.
Izityholo ezimbini zazifakwe ngaphambili ngoMeyi 2 egameni losapho lukaCarlo Spini kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uGabriella Viciani, wePhondo lase-Arezzo e-Itali, ugqirha nomongikazi ababesendleleni eya kwimishini yobuntu eKenya.
UChimenti wanikela ngobomi bakhe ekulweni indlala yehlabathi, kwaye eneminyaka engama-26 ubudala, wayengumcebisi weNkqubo yoKutya yeZizwe eziManyeneyo (WFP). Ngelixa wayesenza isidanga sakhe kwiYunivesithi yaseBocconi eMilan, waqala ukusebenzela iNGO eNairobi, eKenya ekhusela abantwana abasesichengeni abahlala kumatyotyombe aseDandora. Wafumana isidanga sakhe semasters kwiSikolo seOriental kunye neAfrican Studies eLondon waza waqala ukusebenza kwiNgxowa-mali yoPhuhliso lweNkunzi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye neNgxowa-mali yoPhuhliso lwezoLimo, ekhokela umsebenzi wakhe ekuququzeleleni imifuziselo ezinzileyo ekwaphuleni imijikelo yentlupheko nendlala. Ushiya abazali bakhe kunye nodade wabo.
UGhislaine De Claremont wayengumgcini-bhanki wobuqu kwi-ING Bank eWallonia, eBelgium. Wayengumzali ongenaqabane owakhulisa iintombi ezimbini, enye yazo eyaba sisiqhwala emva kokuba yena, udade wabo kunye nomama wakhe bebanjwe kukudubulana phakathi kwamapolisa kunye nezigebenga ezinobundlobongela ngo-1995, wabetha uMelissa Mairesse, intombi encinci, kwimilo. kumbindi womqolo wakhe eneminyaka eyi-10. UMelissa wayeshiywe ebotshwe sisitulo esinamavili kwaye uGhislaine De Claremont wayenyamekela kwaye ethethelela iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zentombi yakhe. UMelissa, kunye nodadewabo omdala, uJessica Mairesse, baququzelele uhambo lwase-Afrika njengesipho se-60th yokuzalwa kumama wabo ozinikeleyo. U-De Claremont wayekolu hambo xa wabulawa kwinqwelomoya i-ET302.
UJustin Green, iqabane likaKreindler kunye noKreindler LLP kunye nomqhubi wenqwelomoya oqeqeshelwe emkhosini, uthe, "uBoeing uxelele iFederal Aviation Administration (FAA) ukuba iBoeing 737-8 MAX's Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS) ayinakubangela intlekele ukuba inokwenzeka. ayisebenzi kakuhle kwaye i-FAA yavumela i-Boeing ukuba ihlole ukhuseleko lwenkqubo ngokujongwa okuncinci okanye akukho kwe-FAA. Kodwa i-MCAS yinkqubo enesiphene esele ibangele iintlekele ezimbini zeenqwelomoya. I-Boeing iyile i-MCAS yayo ukuba ityhale ngokuzenzekelayo impumlo yenqwelomoya ukuya emhlabeni ngokusekelwe kulwazi olunikezelwe yi-engile enye yesivamvo sohlaselo. I-Boeing yenzelwe i-MCAS ukuze ingakhange ithathele ingqalelo ukuba i-angle yolwazi lohlaselo ichanekile okanye iyavakala kwaye ayikhange ithathele ingqalelo ukuba ukuphakama kwenqwelomoya kungaphezulu komhlaba. IBoeing iyilwe le nkqubo ukuze iphindaphinde ukutyhala impumlo phantsi kwaye iza kulwa neenzame zabaqhubi beenqwelomoya abazama ukusindisa inqwelomoya. Uyilo lwe-MCAS ye-Boeing ivumele ukusilela kwe-engile enye yokuhlaselwa kwenzwa ukuze kubangele iintlekele ezimbini zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kwaye lolona yilo lubi kwimbali yophapho lwezorhwebo lwangoku.
“Sifuna ukoyiswa ngenxa yokuba umgaqo-nkqubo owomeleleyo kawonke-wonke e-Illinois uxhasa ukubamba u-Boeing enoxanduva lokuziphatha ngokungakhathali nangokungakhathali, ngakumbi ukwala kwakhe, nanamhlanje, ukwamkela ukuba iBoeing 737-8 MAX isisiseko sineengxaki zokhuseleko ngelixa inqwelomoya izinze kwaye iBoeing inyanzelwe ukuba ekugqibeleni ilungise ingxaki ebangele iintlekele ezimbini zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kubomi obufutshane benqwelomoya, utshilo uTodd Smith, iqabane kwiPower Rogers naseSmith LLP
Isimangalo esifakwe namhlanje egameni losapho lwamaxhoba sishwankathela amabango abo, ngokuyinxalenye, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
"I-Boeing ayiphumelelanga ukucacisa ngokufanelekileyo abaqhubi bayo bovavanyo ngokubhekisele kwiinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo malunga ne-MCAS (iManeuvering Characteristics Augmentation System), kubandakanya negunya layo lokutyhala ngokukhawuleza impumlo ye-Boeing 737-8 MAX, kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo abaqhubi beenqwelo moya abenzanga ukhuseleko olwaneleyo uphononongo lwenkqubo. ”
“I-Boeing ithengise i-Boeing 737-8 MAX kwiinqwelomoya nangona isazi ukuba indawo yokhuseleko, eyaziwa njenge-engile yokuhlaselwa ayivumelani nokukhanya, eyilelwe ukwazisa abaqhubi beenqwelomoya ukuba enye yeenqwelomoya zenqwelo moya yokuhlasela isilele, ibingasebenzi kwindiza . ”
"I-Boeing ibeka umdla wayo wezezimali phambili kukhuseleko lwabakhweli kunye nabasebenzi beenqwelo moya xa ibaleka uyilo, ukuveliswa kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-Boeing 737-8 MAX, naxa ichaza eluntwini, i-FAA kunye nabathengi baka-Boeing ukuba inqwelo moya kukhuselekile ukubhabha, nto leyo eyaqhubeka ikwenza ngokothusayo nasemva kwengozi ye-ET302. ”
"Njengophawu olutsha, uyilo kunye nokusebenza kwe-MCAS kwakufuneka ukuba ivavanywe kwaye yamkelwe yi-FAA, kodwa uphononongo olunentsingiselo lwe-MCAS aluzange lugqitywe ngexesha lokuthotyelwa kwemisebenzi eyandulela ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Boeing 737-8 MAX kwaye yayingeyiyo igqityiwe nasemva kwengozi [yeNdiza yeNqwelo moya] engama-610. ”
U-Anthony Tarricone, okwaliqabane lefemu yaseKreindler, uthe, "Ityala liza kugxila, ngokuyinxenye, kubudlelwane obudibeneyo phakathi kweFederal Aviation Administration (FAA) kunye neBoeing, evumela iinjineli zeBoeing ukuba zisebenze njengabahloli bokhuseleko beFAA ngexesha inkqubo yoqinisekiso. Ukuba i-737-8 MAX yaqinisekiswa njengekhuselekile ngaphandle kwe-MCAS kwaye iindlela zayo zokungaphumeleli ziphantsi kovavanyo oluqatha kunye nohlalutyo lubonisa ukuba i-FAA iye yabanjwa lishishini elimele ukuba lilawule. Ukuphembelela ishishini elijolise ekunyuseni ingeniso yenkampani ngaphezu kokhuseleko lwabakhweli akukhuthazi ukuqinisekiswa kweenqwelo-moya ezikhuselekileyo.”
