UNevis usondela kufutshane nokuba luhlaza: Ncokola noMphathiswa wezoKhenketho weNevis

Okwangoku, i-Nevis ingenisa malunga ne-4.2 yeegaloni zezigidi ze-diesel ngonyaka, ngexabiso le-12 yezigidi zeedola, kwaye ummandla weCaribbean uchitha ngaphezu kwe-4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka (2009) ekuveliseni amandla. Ngokucacileyo, umthombo omtsha wamandla awuyonto yokunethezeka okanye umnqweno - uyimfuneko! Ukungeniswa kwamandla e-geothermal kuya kunciphisa iindleko, kakhulu.

Kutshanje ndiye ndahlala phantsi noHloniphekileyo uMark Brantley, uSekela Nkulumbuso kunye noMphathiswa wezoKhenketho kwi-Nevis, kunye ne-geothermal guru, uBruce Cutright, i-CEO ye-Thermal Energy Partners kunye neNqununu, i-Nevis Renewable Energy, Inc. (NREI), ukuphonononga i-geothermal entsha. into eya kuguqula iNevis ibe yeyona ndawo iluhlaza eMhlabeni.

Geo - yintoni?

Ngokutsho kukaKermit the Frog, "Akukho lula ukuba luhlaza." Ukuba ubunokubuza uBrantley ukuba ukusika intambo kwisibaso sefosili kwaye endaweni yayo kufakwe amandla obushushu behlabathi yinkqubo yesigqibo esilucelomngeni, mhlawumbi ebeya kuvuma. Kuthathe u-Brantley ixesha elininzi, ukurhwebesha kunye nemali ukwenza urhulumente kunye nommandla wakhe ukuba bathenge amandla obushushu bomhlaba.

Amandla e-Geothermal bubushushu obukhulu obungaphakathi emhlabeni (oko kukuthi, iigiza, imithombo eshushu kunye neentaba-mlilo). Isebenza kakuhle kunokuvelisa amandla e-diesel-fuel kwaye ayikhuphi iigesi zegreenhouse emoyeni. Umhlaba usoloko uvelisa malunga ne-44 ye-terawatts, okanye iitriliyoni zeewathi, zobushushu - ukuphinda kathathu amandla asetyenziswayo emhlabeni wonke ngoku.

U-Brantley wafumana ingcamango yokuya kwi-geothermal ekuqaleni kuka-2000 kodwa umxube ovuthayo wezopolitiko kunye noqoqosho lwehlabathi lwenza ukuba iprojekthi ingasebenzi. Ekugqibeleni, ngo-2013 isicelo seziphakamiso zophuhliso lwe-geothermal savunywa ukuba sisasazwe kwaye, ngoncedo lwe-Deloitte Consulting kunye nenkxaso-mali ngeNkqubo yeCandelo laMandla leSebe leLizwe lase-US – iprojekthi yayikwindlela elungileyo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-Nevis Electric Company Limited (NEVLC) kunye ne-Nevis Renewable Energy International Inc (NREI) zigxininise ekuhleni kwenkqubo yezigqibo zethenda kunye nokuthengwa kwempahla. I-NREI yi-subsidiary ye-Texas-based Thermal Energy Partners, LLC kwaye ithembise ukuqesha, ukuqeqesha kunye nokuqesha ama-Nevisians kuphuhliso lwesayithi, ucwangciso, ukwakhiwa kunye nokusebenza - nanini na kunokwenzeka. I-Thermal Energy Partners yinkampani yamandla e-geothermal enika amandla okomelela, ahlaziyekayo kunye nesiseko somthwalo kwizinto eziluncedo, kwimizi-mveliso nakwiziseko ezingundoqo ezibalulekileyo.

Ezopolitiko vs. EzoQoqosho

Ukushiya i-petroleum ngasemva ukuxhasa amandla e-geothermal akuyonto ilula ukuthengiswa kwingingqi ebambelele ngokungqongqo kwixesha elidlulileyo. Nangona amazwe eCaribbean enentabalala yelanga, umoya, imvula namaza olwandle, ulingelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweendlela zamandla avuselelekayo ezinobuhlobo bendalo bezincinci kakhulu kwaye zixhaphakile. Izizathu zokubambelela ngokuqinileyo kwizibaso zefosili zidweliswa ngokukhawuleza xa kuxutyushwa: “Umoya, ilanga, amaza?” “Awuthembekanga!”

Ngelixa olona khetho lungcono luyi-geothermal, ayingawo onke amazwe akummandla anejografi yokucofa lo mthombo wamandla okanye ukhetho lwenkxaso-mali ukuhambisa iiprojekthi ukusuka kwiminqweno kunye namaphupha ukuya kwinyani. Ukongeza, kudla ngokuba nzima ukunxibelelana ngokufanelekileyo ngeenzuzo zoqoqosho, ezentlalo nezendalo zokusebenzisa amandla ahlaziyekayo ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zokuqalisa, imidla ebekwe kwiinkqubo zamafutha efosili kunye nelahleko enokubakho kunye/okanye utshintsho kwiisethi zezakhono zengqesho.

IGeothermal Works for Nevis

Amaziko asixhenxe entaba-mlilo kunye nemithombo eshushu esebenzayo kunye namadama amakhulu e-geothermal achongiwe eNevis. Ukongeza kwijografi, kuqikelelwa ukuba iiprojekthi ze-geothermal ziya kuvula ishishini le-1 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngokubonga ithuba lokuthumela umbane kumazwe angabamelwane baseSt. Kitts nakwindawo ekude njengePuerto Rico.

Nangona kunjalo, kuhlala kukho amacala amabini (ubuncinci) kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi:

• I-Pro Geothermal Energy

1. Amandla athathwa ngokuba anobungani nokusingqongileyo kwaye anciphisa ungcoliseko

2. Iziqulatho ze-Geothermal ziyazaliswa ngokwendalo kwaye ke ziyahlaziyeka

3. Igqwesileyo ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yomthwalo wesiseko (iyahambelana - ngokuchaseneyo nezinye izinto ezihlaziyiweyo ezifana nomoya kunye nelanga)

4. Ilungele ukufudumeza kunye nokupholisa - namakhaya amancinci kunye namashishini aya kuzuza

5. Ukusebenzisa amandla e-geothermal akubandakanyi naziphi na izibaso - nto leyo iguqulela kwiindleko ezincinci zokuhla kunye namaxabiso ombane azinzileyo.

6. Indawo encinci emhlabeni (inokwakhiwa ngaphantsi komhlaba)

7. Inkqubela phambili yethekhnoloji yakutsha nje (iisistim eziphuculweyo ze-geothermal) zenze izixhobo ezixhaphakileyo zaza zathoba iindleko.

8. Umbane unokuguqulwa ube bubushushu ngaphandle kwelahleko kwaye ufikelele kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunamafutha efosili

9. Ukufakelwa kombane ngamandla ahlaziyekayo kusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwaye ke ngoko kukhokelela ekucuthekeni okubalulekileyo kwiimfuno zamandla eziphambili njengoko uninzi lwezinto ezihlaziyiweyo zingenawo umjikelo womphunga onelahleko ephezulu (izityalo zamandulo zefosili zihlala zinelahleko ezingama-40 ukuya kuma-65%).

10. Ukuqhubela phambili izibophelelo zikaNevis phantsi kweNgqungquthela yeNkqubo-sikhokelo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ngoTshintsho lweMozulu

11. Uya kwenza i-Nevis ingabi sesichengeni kumaxabiso e-oyile aguquguqukayo

12. Isenokukhokelela kuqhagamshelo lokuqala lombane phakathi kwesiqithi kwiCaribbean

• Con Geothermal Energy

1. Amaziko ombane obushushu bomhlaba aneendleko ezinkulu zangaphambili kunye neenkqubo zokufudumeza/zokupholisa

2. Ingqwalasela yendawo kakhulu

3. Iyagcineka (iyahlaziyeka) ukuba amadama alawulwa yipropati

Phawu

Ukuze kutshintshelwe kwi-fossil fuel ukuya kumandla we-geothermal, isigaba sokuqala seprojekthi siza kubonelela nge-9MW yamandla (leyo yandiswayo) ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zangoku ze-Nevis kunye nomthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-40-50 MW yamandla ongezelelweyo kwezinye iziqithi. ngaphakathi kwe-50+/- imayile uluhlu. Umhla ekujoliswe kuwo wokutshintsha kusemva kowama-2017; ngo-2018 kulindelwe ukuba i-Nevis iya kuba sesona siqithi siluhlaza - naphi na.

Iindleko eziqikelelwayo zale projekthi zizigidi ezingama-65 zeerandi kwaye ziza kuphuhliswa kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-geothermal obupholile emoyeni obungawasebenzisiyo amanzi. Imithombo yenkxaso-mali ibandakanya iBhanki yoPhuhliso lweCaribbean (i-CDB) ngokubambisana neBhanki yoPhuhliso lwe-InterAmerican kunye ne-Japan Aid Agency. I-CDB inezixhobo zokuxhasa iprojekthi ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuphonononga, ukubonelela ngoncedo lobugcisa ukuyila iprojekthi kunye nokwakha umzi-mveliso wamandla kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumeneyo ezifunekayo ukusuka kwimveliso ukuya kunikezelo lombane kubathengi.

Ithemba

I-US Department of State inethemba kwaye iyayixhasa iprojekthi ye-Nevis geothermal energy kwaye, "... ngeCaribbean Energy Security Initiative, ijolise ekukhawuleziseni ukwahlukana kweenkqubo zaMandla zeCaribbean ngenkxaso yolawulo oluphuculweyo, ukufikelela okwandisiweyo kwimali, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwabaxhasi. .” m.state.gov/md250002.htma

I-Brantley inethemba kwaye inombono we-Nevis ngeemoto zombane kunye nezithuthi zikawonkewonke kunye ne-geothermal yezindlu, iihotele, izikolo kunye nezakhiwo zabucala kunye nezikawonkewonke.

Kunokwenzeka ukuba abemi baseNevis bajonge phambili ekuqalisweni kweprojekthi - kuba kuya kuthetha ukulunywa okuncinci okanye ingeniso yabo ukuba imiselwe ishishini kunye neentsapho.

Unobhala-jikelele weZizwe eziManyeneyo uBan Ki-moon ugqibe kwelokuba amandla avuselelekayo anamandla okuphakamisa ezona zizwe zihlwempuzekileyo ziye kumanqanaba amatsha empumelelo. Ukwamisele ukuba, “Eyona nto siyidinga kakhulu bubunkokeli obuqinileyo bezopolitiko ukuqhubela phambili olu tshintsho lwamandla acocekileyo ukuze isantya kunye nesikali siyimfuneko. Kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba inkuthazo echanekileyo yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo ikhona ukuvumela imarike ukuba yenze eyona nto iyenzayo: ukusungula ijika leendleko, kwaye yanelise imfuno. "

Kubonakala ngathi iNevis ikwindawo elungileyo, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, inemveliso elungileyo kwaye ikhokelwa ngumntu ofanelekileyo. Ngeprojekthi ye-geothermal eyimpumelelo i-Nevis iza kukhokela umngcelele osingise kwinyathelo lehlabathi elingena fossil.

Inqaku lelungelo lokushicilela alinakuphinda liveliswe ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo evela kumbhali.