I-International Air Transport Association (i-IATA) ikhuthazwa kakhulu ngokwamkelwa kweNjongo yeXesha eliLide le-Aspirational (LTAG) ukuphumeza ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 eyi-zero ngo-2050 kwiNdibano ye-41 ye-International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO).
Eli nyathelo libalulekileyo eliya phambili ngamazwe lilungelelaniswa neenjongo zeSivumelwano saseParis kunye nenethi enguziro ye-CO2 ekhutshwayo ngo-2050 isigqibo ekuvunyelwene ngaso ziinkampani zeenqwelo moya kwiNtlanganiso kaWonke-wonke yoNyaka ye-IATA yama-77 ngo-Okthobha wama-2021.
“Ukubaluleka kwesivumelwano se-LTAG akunakujongelwa phantsi. Ukuzibophelela kweshishini lokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya ekuphumezeni ukukhutshwa kweCO2 engu-zero ngo-2050 kufuna imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente exhasayo. Ngoku oorhulumente kunye noshishino bobabini begxile ku-zero ngo-2050, silindele amalinge omgaqo-nkqubo anamandla ngakumbi kwiindawo ezingundoqo zokuphelisa ikhabhoni ezifana nokukhuthaza amandla emveliso yeZibaso zoPhapho eziZinzileyo (SAF). Kwaye ukuzimisela kwehlabathi ukutshabalalisa inqwelomoya exhasa esi sivumelwano kufuneka kulandele abathunywa ekhaya kwaye kukhokelele kumanyathelo omgaqo-nkqubo asebenzayo okwenza ukuba onke amazwe axhase ishishini kwinkqubela phambili ekhawulezayo ezimisele ukuyenza,” utshilo uWillie Walsh, uMlawuli Jikelele we-IATA.
Isigqibo senjongo yexesha elide kwi-ICAO siza emva kothethathethwano olunzulu oluvala amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ophuhliso kwihlabathi liphela. Kwakukho inkxaso enkulu kwiNdibano ye-ICAO ngenjongo.
ECORSIA
INdibano ikwabethelele ukuzibophelela kwayo kwiNkqubo yokuNcitshiswa kweCarbon kunye nokuNcitshiswa koPhapho lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (i-CORSIA) kwaye yandise umnqweno wayo ngokuvuma ukuzinzisa ukukhutshwa kweenqwelomoya zamazwe ngamazwe kuma-85% kwinqanaba lowama-2019. Ekuvumeni oku, oorhulumente abaninzi bagxininise indima ye-CORSIA njengokuphela kwendlela yoqoqosho esetyenziswayo ekulawuleni icarbon footprint yezophapho zamazwe ngamazwe.
“Isivumelwano seNdibano siyayomeleza iCORSIA. Isiseko esisezantsi siya kubeka umthwalo omkhulu weendleko kwiinkampani zeenqwelomoya. Ke, kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili ukuba oorhulumente bangayisusi kwisamente ebophelela i-CORSIA njengokuphela kwendlela yoqoqosho yokulawula icarbon footprint yophapho lwamazwe ngamazwe. Amazwe ngoku kufuneka ahloniphe, ayixhase kwaye ayikhusele iCORSIA kuko nakuphi na ukwanda kwamanyathelo ezoqoqosho. Oku kuya kujongela phantsi i-CORSIA kunye neenzame ezidibeneyo zokuphelisa inqwelomoya, utshilo uWalsh.
I-Fuel yoLwazi oluZinzileyo (SAF)
Ishishini lilindele ukuba i-SAF idlale indima enkulu ekupheliseni inqwelomoya. I-IATA iqikelela ukuba mhlawumbi i-65% yonciphiso olufunekayo kwi-net zero ekhutshwayo ngo-2050 iya kuvela kwi-SAF. Ngelixa umzi-mveliso uthenge zonke iilitha ezilikhulu lezigidi ze-SAF ezikhoyo ngo-2021, unikezelo luhlala lunomda kwaye ixabiso liphezulu kakhulu kunefuel yejethi eqhelekileyo.
“Sicinga nge-LTAG, iinzame zombuso ngoku kufuneka zigxile kwiindlela zokukhuthaza ukonyuka komthamo wemveliso ye-SAF kwaye ngokwenjenjalo kuncitshiswe iindleko zayo. Inkqubela phambili enkulu eyenziwe kuqoqosho oluninzi kwinguqu yemveliso yombane kwimithombo eluhlaza efana namandla elanga kunye nomoya ngumzekelo oqaqambileyo wento enokufezekiswa ngemigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo karhulumente, ngakumbi inkuthazo yemveliso, "utshilo uWalsh.
Iziphumo zeNdibano ziquka iinkalo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zenkxaso ye-SAF. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukucela iBhunga le-ICAO ukuba:
- Ukuququzelela ukuxhotyiswa ngezakhono kunye noncedo lobuchwephesha kumazwe ukulungiselela iinkqubo ze-SAF
- Sebenzisana nabachaphazelekayo ukuchaza nokukhuthaza inguqu ye-SAF
- Ukuququzelela ukufikelela kwinkxaso-mali yeeprojekthi zophuhliso lweziseko ezinikezelwe kwi-SAF ukuphuhlisa inkuthazo efunekayo ukoyisa imiqobo yemalike yokuqala.
- Ucela amazwe ukuba:
- Ukukhawulezisa ukuqinisekiswa kwamafutha kunye nophuhliso lwe-SAF kuquka nemveliso yokutya,
- Ukukhawulezisa ukuqinisekiswa kweenqwelomoya ezintsha kunye neenjini ukuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwe-100% ye-SAF
- Ukukhuthaza nokukhuthaza izivumelwano zokuthenga
- Ukuxhasa ukuhanjiswa kwangethuba kwalo naluphi na utshintsho oluyimfuneko kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya kunye neziseko zobonelelo lwamandla
- Qwalasela ukusetyenziswa kweenkuthazo ukuxhasa ukusasazwa kwe-SAF
Ukuphunyezwa
I-IATA igxininise ukubaluleka kokuphunyezwa okusebenzayo.
“Oorhulumente mabangaphulukani nomfutho oqhube iziphumo zale ndibano. Iindleko zokukhupha ikhabhoni kwinqwelomoya zikumawaka ezigidi zeerandi kwaye ixesha lokutshintsha ishishini lehlabathi lide. Ngemigaqo-nkqubo eyiyo karhulumente i-SAF ingafikelela kwinqanaba elincamisayo ngo-2030 nto leyo eya kusikhokelela ekubeni sifikelele kwinjongo yethu engunothi. KwiNdibano elandelayo uphawu 'lomnqweno' lwe-LTAG kufuneka luguqulwe lube yinjongo eqinileyo enesicwangciso esicacileyo sokusebenza. Oko kuthetha ukuba oorhulumente kufuneka basebenzisane nemizi-mveliso ukuphumeza inkqubo-sikhokelo yomgaqo-nkqubo wehlabathi osebenzayo okwaziyo ukutsala imithombo yemali efunekayo ukuze kubekwe inqwelo moya kwindlela engenakunqandeka ukuze kuzuzwe i-zero eshiyekileyo ngo-2050.
