INajaf ichuma njengendawo yokhenketho lwenkolo

Isixeko saseNajaf e-Iraq siyakhula njengendawo yabakhenkethi benkolo yamaSilamsi angamaShia, kunye namawakawaka abantu base-Irani abatyelela rhoqo ngeveki ukuya kwindawo engcwele ye-Imam Ali. Ngaba inokuba ngumceli mngeni kwisixeko saseIran iQom njengeziko legunya lenkolo yamaShia?

Sathi xa singena kwintendelezo yetempile, ukungxola nokuxinezeleka kwesitrato kwathi shwaka, saza seva isandi sokuculwa, nezithonga ezingemnandi zamanqindi ezibetha ezifubeni.

Amakhulu amadoda aguqa kumgangatho okhaphethi ephindaphinda igama elithi “Ali, Ali, Ali,” ngokuphindaphindiweyo, elandela umkhondo wekwayala eneendevu, eyayimi phambi kwawo, iwangawangisa iingalo zayo, iqhuba le ngoma.

Abanye abahambi ngezonqulo babebhadula, bencokola ngokuzolileyo, okanye bethandaza ngaphakathi. Kodwa asikokwenza kwawo kuphela okwawenza ahluke la madoda.

Ingoma ngokwayo yayivakala ngokwahlukileyo, ingenaburhalarhume, kwaye ingenasidima kunolwimi lwasezitratweni; babengaculi ngesiArabhu, kodwa ngesiPersi – ethambileyo, nangaphezulu.

Abaculi yayingabantu base-Irani, abanye bamawaka abahambi ngezonqulo, abavela kwizixeko ezinjengeTehran, Isfahan kunye neQom, abahamba besiya eNajaf veki nganye, kwindawo yokungcwaba u-Imam Ali.

UAli ibn Abi Talib wabulawa apha kwiNkulungwane yesi-7, wabethwa ngasemva ngekrele, njengoko wayekhokela abalandeli bakhe ngomthandazo.

Ukubulawa kwakhe kwaba yinxalenye yedabi lolawulo lweSilamsi elalandela emva kokufa koMprofeti uMahammad, nelisagquba nanamhla oku.

KumaSilamsi angamaShia, u-Ali ngu-Imam wokuqala, indlalifa yeCaliphate, kwaye isibakala sokungcwatywa kwakhe apha senza iNajaf iminyaka emininzi iziko lenkcubeko yenkolo yamaShia.

Kodwa ukuqala ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1970, iminyhadala emibini yenza iyelenqe lokuthumela esi sixeko ukuba sehle.

Eyokuqala yayikukunyuka kwamandla kaSaddam Hussein. Njengelungu leqaqobana lamaSunni eIraq, uSaddam woyika amandla amaShia, kwaye waqalisa ngokungenalusini ukudiliza imifanekiso yabo yenkolo neyenkcubeko.

Enye yayiluvukelo lwamaSilamsi kummelwane wase-Iraq ngasempuma.

Ukutshintsha emoyeni

Ngo-1979, i-Iran yaba lulawulo lobuthixo, kwaye uNajaf wanikezela kwisixeko saseQom njengendawo yegunya lenkolo yamaShia.

Kodwa, namhlanje, eNajaf, kukho imvakalelo enamandla yokutshintsha emoyeni.

Kwangaloo ntsasa inye, satyelela indlu engabhalwanga phantsi ekwisitrato esingasemva esizolileyo sesixeko. Kuphela ngoonogada abaxhobe ngemipu yeKalashnikov abanika naluphi na ufifi ngokubaluleka kwendoda ehlala apho.

Eli yayilikhaya likaSheikh Mohammed al-Yaqubi, omnye wama-ayatollah amahlanu kwindawo engcwele.

“Esi sixeko asizange siphulukane nokubaluleka kwaso,” watsho, ehleli kwisifundo sakhe esineencwadi, izandla zakhe esonge ngokuzolileyo emathangeni akhe, unkontsho lwakhe olumhlophe neendevu ezimhlophe zigutyungelwe yingubo ende emdaka ngebala.

“Ezinye izixeko zinokukhuphisana neNajaf,” utshilo, “indima yayo isenokuba yancitshiswa, kodwa ukubaluleka kweNajaf akuzange kuthotywe.”

U-Ayatollah Yaqubi ubonakala ezithembile ngokuzolileyo ukuba iNajaf ngoku ifumana kwakhona iwonga layo njengeziko lomxhuzulane wokholo lwamaShia.

Kukho okungakumbi kule mfazwe kunedabi lempembelelo phakathi kwama-ayatollah.

Ukubuza umbuzo othi, "Najaf okanye iQom?", kukwenza ukhetho phakathi kweembono zehlabathi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.

Abefundisi baseIran, kunye nesiseko sabo samandla eQom, bongamela umgca othe ngqo wempembelelo osuka elunqulweni uye kwezopolitiko.

U-Ayatollah Yaqubi, kwelinye icala, uthi igunya lezenkolo eNajaf, lenza konke okusemandleni ukuba lizikhwebule kwezopolitiko, into ayibiza ngokuba "kukulwela amandla".

Kwimeko yokruthakruthwano olukhulayo lwamahlelo ngaphambi konyulo lukaMatshi, yena kunye nama-ayatollah angoogxa bakhe baxhathise uxinzelelo olukhulu lokuxhasa esidlangalaleni amaqela ezopolitiko eShia.

'Utsalo lukamagnetic'

Ukutsalwa kazibuthe kweNajaf kunamandla. Ikhutshwe kwimiqobo ebekwe kuyo phantsi kukaSaddam Hussein, isixeko siyachuma.

Izigidi zabahambi ngezonqulo abatyelela esi sixeko minyaka le zizisa imali kwaye zidala imisebenzi.

Iiarhente zabakhenkethi ezisebenza ngokukhethekileyo kukhenketho lwezenkolo zithi ishishini alizange libengcono.

Enye yaloo mali ichithwa ekwandiseni itempile ngokwayo.

Emva kwesakhiwo se-mosque, emthunzini wedome yegolide, ephantse ibe yimfama ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ukwakhiwa kuyaqhubeka. Abembi basebenza nzima, besakha amandla eNajaf ukuba athathe abahambi ngezonqulo abangakumbi.

Njengoko imithandazo yangoLwesihlanu ibibizwa, amawakawaka abantu athontelana kwindawo engaphakathi yengcwele, ukuze achukumise kwaye aphuze ingcwaba lika-Imam Ali.

Aba yayingabahambi ngezonqulo abavela kwihlabathi liphela, imiwunduzo yabo kunye neentloko zabo zimibalabala kwaye zahlukene njengeethayile ezinomfanekiso ontsonkothileyo kwiindonga ze-mosque ngokwayo.

Ukusuka kweli nqanaba liphezulu, iNajaf ibonakala ikwindlela engenakuphikiswa ukuya phezulu, kokubini ngokoqoqosho lwayo, nanjengeziko lenkcubeko nenkolo.

Kodwa umbono ovela eTehran unokujongeka wahluke kancinci. Njengoko ukukhula kweNajaf kucela umngeni kwigunya lenkolo leQom, ngoko ke kujongela phantsi amandla kunye negunya lombuso waseIran, njengenkokeli yokomoya nezopolitiko yamaSilamsi eShia ehlabathi.