I-Asiya ibonwa njengeziko lohlumo kumanyano lwehlabathi lweenkonzo zempilo ngenxa yokunyuka kwemfuno evela kumazwe aphuhlileyo kunye nokwanda komgangatho ophakathi kulo mmandla. Kodwa kukho iinkxalabo zokuba oko kubizwa ngokuba lukhenketho lwezonyango luya kutshintsha izixhobo zisuke kuluntu ziye kukhathalelo lwempilo lwabucala.
Ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10 edlulileyo iThailand ikhokele ekukhuleni kwemarike yokhenketho lwezonyango, njengoko abantu bamanye amazwe bafuna iinkonzo zempilo eziphantsi kweendleko eziphantsi kunye nofikelelo olulungele unyango.
Iinkonzo ezifumanekayo zisusela kuqhaqho oluntsonkothileyo lwentliziyo, ukuya kuqhaqho lokuthambisa ukuya kugqirha wamazinyo kunye nonyango olulolunye, olufana namayeza aseTshayina, i-yoga kunye nonyango lwesintu lwe-Ayurvedic.
Ukunyuka kohambo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokufumaneka kolwazi kwi-Intanethi kuye kwakhulisa inani labahambi abafuna unyango.
E-Thailand, abaninzi njenge-1.4 yezigidi zeendwendwe zafika zifuna unyango ngo-2007, amanani onyaka wakutshanje akhoyo - ukusuka kwisiqingatha sesigidi ngo-2001. UMphathiswa wezeMpilo ulindele abakhenkethi bezonyango abangaphezu kwezigidi ezibini.
Awona manani makhulu avela kwiManyano yaseYurophu, ilandelwa nguMbindi Mpuma kunye neUnited States.
UKenneth Mays, umlawuli wezentengiso wamazwe ngamazwe kwiSibhedlele saMazwe ngaMazwe saseBumrungrad eBangkok, uthi umgangatho ophezulu wokhathalelo ube likhadi lokuzoba.
“IThailand ibonelela ngendibaniselwano efanelekileyo kakhulu yomgangatho wezonyango kunye nomgangatho wenkonzo. Kukho zombini izibhedlele zabucala kunye nezikarhulumente kwaye iqhutywa kakhulu ngabathengi kuba uninzi lwabantu luhlawulela olwabo unyango. Abantu baseMelika baza kuza apha kuba i-60 ukuya kwi-80 yepesenti iyabiza ngaphantsi kunyango olulinganayo, ”utshilo uMays.
Kodwa iThailand ijongene nokhuphiswano olukhulayo njengoko amazwe amaninzi etyala imali kwiinkonzo zonyango. ISingapore, iMalaysia, iSouth Korea kunye neePhilippines zonke zikhuthaza ukhenketho lwezonyango.
URuben Toral, igosa elilawulayo kwishishini lezempilo elibonisana nenkampani iMedeguide, uthi abantu abaninzi baya kulinganisa iindleko eziphantsi xa bekhetha iindawo zonyango.
“Uya kuyihlawulela iSingapore kodwa uyazi ngokupheleleyo ukuba uza kufumana ntoni. Ukuba ufuna iziqinisekiso ezipheleleyo, uya eSingapore. Ukuba ufuna ixabiso elipheleleyo, uya eIndiya. IThailand neMalaysia ngoku zimele ixabiso lemidlalo – umgangatho olungileyo, inkonzo entle, imveliso elungileyo,” utshilo uToral.
Uthi ukhenketho lwezonyango lunokukhula.
“I-Asiya iya kuba kwaye iya kuqhubeka nokuba yeyona nto iphambili kukhenketho lwezonyango. Ngoba? Kuba kulapho ufumana khona inani lokuqala lelona qela likhulu labemi behlabathi - ngokwenene phakathi kweIndiya neTshayina apho unayo, isibini kwisithathu sabemi abasanda kuzinza kulo mmandla. Kwaye kulapho unentengiso enkulu evelayo ekumgangatho ophakathi,” utshilo.
UToral uthi abaguli abalupheleyo abavela kuMntla Melika, eYurophu, eOstreliya naseJapan nabo baya kukhangela iindawo ezinokufikelela okuninzi kukhathalelo olunexabiso eliphantsi.
Kodwa kukho iinkxalabo zokuba ukonyuka kotyalo-mali kwiinkonzo zonyango kwizityebi kuya kutsala izixhobo kwizibhedlele zikawonke-wonke zalo mmandla.
Abagxeki bathi uninzi lwezibonelelo zempilo zikarhulumente sele ziphantsi koxinzelelo kwaye boyikela ukuba abaqeqeshi abaninzi bayakuyishiya inkqubo yoluntu ukuze basebenze bucala.
UViroj Na Ranong, ingcali yezoqoqosho kunye neThailand Development Research Institute, i-arhente yophando ngemigaqo-nkqubo, woyika ukuba utshintsho luyaqhubeka.
“Xa uthelekisa amandla okuthenga – amandla okuthenga angaphandle anokuba phezulu kakhulu kunomgangatho ophakathi okanye amandla okuthenga akudidi oluphezulu eThailand. Lo ngumba obalulekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha xa kukho ukugqabhuka kwezigulane zangaphandle ugqirha angatsalelwa kwicandelo labucala,” utshilo uViroj Na Ranong.
IKomishoni yeSizwe yezeMpilo yaseThailand inika ingxelo yokuba uninzi lweengcali zonyango ziye zasuka kwinkqubo karhulumente zaya kukhathalelo lwempilo lwabucala.
Iziko leSizwe loLawulo loPhuhliso lithi ukhenketho lwezonyango luye lwandisa ukunqongophala koogqirha, oogqirha bamazinyo kunye nabasebenzi abongikazi kwiindawo zikawonkewonke.
Kodwa iMays yaseBumrungrad iyathandabuza loo mabango.
“Ayibambeleli kwimathematika enzulu kuba iThailand ibona malunga ne-1.4 yezigidi zabahambi bezonyango abavela ngaphandle. Elo liqhezu lotyelelo lulonke kogqirha kwaye lwamkele [ulwamkelo] olusuka eThais ngokwabo,” utshilo uMays. "Kubaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho lwelizwe kwaye kuninzi okuluncedo kwilizwe - kodwa asicingi ukuba kuthatha isabelo sengonyama yobutyebi okanye ubutyebi obuninzi kwiThais ngokwabo."
UMay uthi ngenxa yokwandisa ukhathalelo lwempilo yabucala eThailand - kunye nemida koogqirha bangaphandle abasebenza kweli lizwe - kuye kwakho umva wokuphazamiseka kwengqondo; Abasebenzi bezonyango baseThai abaqeshwe phesheya babuyela ekhaya.
Abanye abasebenzi bezonyango bathi abaninzi basebenza okwethutyana kwizibhedlele zabucala kwaye basebenza nakwizibhedlele zikarhulumente.
Abahlalutyi abaninzi becandelo lezonyango bathi ukunyuka kwamandla ezoqoqosho e-Asia kunye nokwandisa utyalo-mali kwiinkonzo zempilo kuya kukwazi ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yokhathalelo olufikelelekayo kubantu abakulo mmandla nakubakhenkethi behlabathi.
