Ixesha layo leCarnival eGuyana. Umyalezo osemthethweni weGuyana Carnival uthi "Yiza nje apha." Amawakawaka abakhenkethi afike eGuyana aza kujoyina abahlali kunye nabasukeli bemidlalo. Iqela laseGuyana Carnival elingapheliyo libandakanya iveki enezinto ezenziweyo ezidityanisiweyo nezokupheka zaseGuyan, umculo, ezolonwabo kunye ne-masqueraders ezifikelela kumda wokugqibela olindelweyo.
IGuyana Carnival ngumnyhadala wabucala eGeorgetown Guyana, ngoMeyi 18 ukuya ku-27. Yindibaniselwano yemibutho yolonwabo enefuthe, uRhulumente waseGuyana nabanye abachaphazelekayo abaphambili ukwenza imveliso entsha enomdla ukukhuthaza ukhenketho, ukonwaba kunye nobusuku bobusuku.
Esi sisihlandlo sesibini somkhosi wecarnival owabolekwa yiGuyana Carnival eTrinidad naseMpuma Caribbean kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Eyokuqala nguJouvert. Imbali kunye nophuhliso lwezi zinto ziqulethe izinto ezingathandekiyo.
I-Guyana Carnival ngoku ijoyine amanye amazwe ekubhiyozeleni i-carnival, ezo zombini, ngokwahlukeneyo, isithethe esidala kunye nenkqubo entsha yokulinganisa. Zonke iziqithi zaseIndiya zaseIndiya zine-carnival ebhiyozelwa ngemihla eyahlukeneyo enyakeni-zonke zizambatho ezimibalabala ezinolonwabo oluphezulu, kodwa kwimeko yomnyhadala eGuyana kukho umahluko obalulekileyo ngokwengcinga.
Oko kubizwa ngokuba yiJouvert eGuyana yikhonsathi enkulu, ethandwayo elawulwa zii-soca zaseTrinidadian. Oku kwakungekutsha eGuyana kwaye kuhlala kubanjwa rhoqo. Bakhula ngegama elitsha baza bazinza kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo, kodwa baduma ngexesha likaMashramani, kwaye babebalasele ingakumbi kwimibhiyozo yeJubilee eGuyana ngo-2016. Ligama lesiFrentshi / lePatois elithathwe kwiFrench Jour Ouvert - “ukuvulwa kosuku” kwaye ichaza isiko kunye nemisebenzi yakusasa ekuseni ekuqaleni koMvulo weCarnival.
IJouvert ngoku yeyona nto iphambili kwiGuyana Carnival yangoku. Ezintathu zazo zazibanjelwe eMashramani ngexesha le-2018, kwaye bakhokela imibhiyozo yemibutho kunye nemiboniso ngeli xesha. Kodwa ngelixa kukho inkcubeko eyendele nzulu eTrinidad naseMpuma yeCaribbean, akukho namnye eGuyana.
IGuyana Carnival
I-Guyana Carnival yangoku-ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-Guyana Independence Carnival yaqala kwimibhiyozo ka-2016 yesizwe se-Jubilee-50th Anniversary of Independence. Uhambo olukhulu lwendlela kunye nemikhosi yayo yemveli yeebhendi yanqunyulwa ukusuka kuMhla kaMashramani, nge-23 kaFebruwari yaza yatshintshelwa e-Indepen-dence, ngoMeyi 26. Ngoku umnyhadala uzele ngokupheleleyo kwaye uqhuba ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezilishumi de kube nguMeyi 28. In uthotho olude lwamaqela / iimveku, imiboniso yeqonga kunye nomngcelele weebhendi zeendleko zecarnival endleleni.
IGuyana Carnival ivunyiwe kwaye ixhaswe ngurhulumente kodwa iqhutywa kakhulu yiminqweno yabucala. Isasazwa ngokubanzi ngentengiso ebalekayo kunye nokunyusa ngokuxakekileyo. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ibhenela kwinkcubeko ethandwayo kwaye ibonelela ngokuzonwabisa ixesha elide, elinemali eninzi. Nditsho nabazobi be-soca balapha babeke amandla abo kuyo kwaye bavela kweminye imiboniso. Kukho amabhongo athandabuzekayo okufika kwabakhenkethi. Ngokucacileyo inikezela ngamathuba ezoqoqosho aliqela elinomdla kunye namashishini. Umntu akakwazi ukuqikelela ukuba izakukhula ibe yintoni, kodwa ilandela iinyawo zeJamaica Carnival ngexesha lePasika, eyaba yimpumelelo ethandwayo nezentengiso.
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ivunywe into yokuba iGuyana Carnival ingumzekelo nje, nangona isamkelwa yinkcubeko edumileyo. Ayinanto intsha kwaye icekeceke ngokusekwe kwisithethe senkcubeko. Akunakubakho sicwangciso sokujonga abo bafika kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya okanye ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zokumisela abafikayo kulo mnyhadala, kodwa ulindelo lokonyusa ukhenketho kusenokwenzeka ukuba lube yinto engekhoyo- kulo nyaka. Kuyakunika umdla ukubona okwenzekayo kwiminyaka ezayo, kodwa ithemba alinakuba liqaqambile kumnyhadala olingisa oko sele kunikezelwa phantse sisiqithi sonke seNtshona yeIndiya. Ukongeza, inguqulelo yaseGuyana ithathelwe phezulu kakhulu kumatheko nakwimiboniso; Iziqithi zibonelela ngakumbi.
IGuyana Carnival
Zonke ezinye iziqithi zingaphandle kwebhanti yomkhosi. I-Antigua-Barbuda kunye ne-St Kitts-Nevis, nangona kunjalo, bavelisa i-carnival ngo-Agasti, kodwa ezi zikhule zisuka kwizithethe zenkcubeko esele zikhona, ezinje nge-Christmas masquerades yase-St Kitts kunye nezithethe zokutyala emva kobukhoboka. Iingcambu zawo azinzulu. IBarbados yakha i-Crop-Over ngo-Agasti ukusuka kwizithethe eziqinileyo zokutyala. Kukho i-carnival kwi-Bahamas ngoMeyi eyayenziwe njengombhiyozo, nangona isithethe sokwenene se-Bahamian yiJonkanoo ngo-Disemba-Januwari. Okufana kakhulu nokwenzekayo ngoku eGuyana, kwiminyaka engama-28 eyadlulayo, iJamaica yaceba ukuxelisa i-carnival eqala ngeCawe yePasika. Elo yayiliqhinga elalivela kwinkokeli yeqela le-Dragonnaires u-Byron Lee, owayekhankasela ngempumelelo kwi-carnival yase-Trinidad, kwaye wahluke mpela kwi-Jamaica Festival ebhiyozela ukuzimela kwayo ngo-Agasti.
Kodwa yintoni imbali yeGuyana Carnival? Eli lizwe alifani kwiCaribbean iphela enembali yezithethe zeCarnivalesque. I-carnivalesque ayifumaneki kuphela kwi-carnival, kodwa yinto yokuba nezithethe kunye nokuzonwabisa okusekwe kwimaskade, umculo othandwayo wesintu kunye namaqela axabisekileyo, nakula mazwe angaphandle kwebhanti yomkhosi.
IGuyana yayinomkhosi wokuzimela geqe ngeminyaka yoo-1960. Ukuzimela geqe ngo-1966 kwaphawulwa nge-carnival eyayihlelwe yi-Jaycees. Ezi ziyunguma zadibanisa oko kwakusenziwa kwilizwe ukusukela ngaphambi kwenkululeko. Babebandakanya ibhendi yentsimbi, ikhalypso, umngcelele odadayo, iBhendi yoNyaka (iibhendi ezixabise kakhulu ezinamabhaso nezihloko zabayili abaphambili) kunye nokuzonwabisa kwizitrato ezaziwa ngokuba “kukunyathela”. Ngokwenene bekukho uhlobo oludala lokulingana kweJ'ouvert - “ukutsiba-kusasa ekuseni” kunye nabadlali abonwabileyo abadanisayo (abanyathela) emva kweentsimbi ezindleleni.
Oku kwasuswa eGeorgetown kwaya eLinden yiJaycees. Yayisisiganeko sonyaka esathi saguqulwa senziwa iMashramani njengombhiyozo woSuku lweRiphabliki yaseGuyana ngo-1970. Enye yezinto ezothusayo kukuba abaqulunqi bazama ukususa izinto zokulinganisa nokuboleka kumkhosi weTrinidad. Ziliqela izinto eziguqulweyo, kwaye ezinye zibandakanyiwe, abathi babona kufanelekile kwiRiphabliki ezimeleyo kwimeko yasemva kobukoloniyali ngegama lalo elitsha 'lomthonyama' uMashramani. Okuhlekisayo kukuba, oku kuye kwafika kwisangqa esipheleleyo, kwaye iGuyana ngoku iyamkela, i-carnival ixelisiwe ngo-1970. I-carnival ibuyile.
Ngaphezu koko, iimvumi eziphambili zeGuyana Carnival ngoku zibonakala kakhulu kwimikhosi ye-2018, zisenza iintengiso kwaye ziyavela kwimiboniso. UTamika Marshall, uKwasi 'Ace' Edmundson, uAdrian Dutchin, uJumo Primo, uMichelle 'Big Red' kunye noNdalo oMnyama ngabona baphambili kushishino lwasekhaya kodwa bebengekho eMashramani. Kwanabo babekhuphisana nobukumkani eMashramani Soca abasenzi njalo. Ingathi ababoni kubalulekile kumakhondo omsebenzi, ukuthandwa kwabo, iinjongo zabo zokuphumelela, umvuzo wabo wezemali okanye i-CV yabo yokukhuphisana eMashramani. Nangona kunjalo abathandabuzi ukuba ziigugu kwisithsaba somkhosi omtsha.
Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, i-Soca Monarchy iphumelele ukusilela ukuza kukhusela isithsaba sayo. Omnye wenza ingxelo yokuba uyarhoxa kukhuphiswano ukuze avumele abatsha abazenza ngathi banokufumana ithuba lokuphumelela ukhuphiswano. Ngokucacileyo, wayesele efikile. Isigqebelo esinzulu kukuba ezi zinto azize zenzeke kwi-carnival yaseTrinidad ngoku elandelwayo. Ngaba unokulithelekelela ihlazo kunye nomsindo omkhulu eTrinidad ukuba uMachel Montano akazange azikhathaze ngokuza kukhusela isithsaba sakhe seSochi? Akukho mvumi ye-Trinidadian Soca, nokuba zezona nkwenkwezi zinkulu zamanye amazwe, ezijonga zikhulu kakhulu okanye zinkulu kakhulu ukuba zingakhuphisana kukhuphiswano lomkhosi minyaka le.
Igqala elidala elineminyaka engama-45 nangaphezulu, i -Mighty Chalkdust, yaphumelela isithsaba se-calypso ngo-2018. Kwakungekho ntetho, kwanakuloo ntsomi, yokutyhalela ecaleni abantu abatsha abangenayo. Kukho ukuzingca okukhulu, uvakalelo lokuphumelela kunye nomoya okhuphisanayo obushushu phakathi kwezona ndawo zibalaseleyo ebaleni njengoFay Ann Lyons, Bunji Garlin, Montano, Destra nabanye ukukhuphisana nobuntshatsheli beCarnival.
AmaGuyan kubonakala ngathi awamthathi uMashramani njengobaluleke ngokwaneleyo. Abasemagunyeni khange bacinge ukuba kubalulekile ukuba ubukumkani baseSoca buyekiswe iminyaka embalwa. Khange bakubone kufanelekile ukugcina ukungaguquguquki kunye nezithethe zokwenza ukuba umnyhadala usebenze. Amandla aphakamileyo ngoku avuthayo ukuphembelela le Carnival ayengamalahle amdaka ngoFebruwari odlulileyo ngexesha laseMashramani. Ukuba yonke le nzondelelo ichithelwe kumnyhadala wenkulumbuso unyaka nonyaka ngokuqinisekileyo iya kunceda.
INTO ONOKUYITHATHA KWELI NQAKU:
- It is a French creole/Patois term derived from the French Jour Ouvert – “opening of the day” and describes the tradition and activities of early in the morning at the beginning of Carnival Monday.
- All the West Indian islands have a carnival celebrated at different dates in the year – they are all highly colorful masquerades with top-of-the-line entertainment, but in the context of carnival in Guyana there are important conceptual differences.
- One cannot predict what it will grow into, but it is following the footsteps of the Jamaica Carnival at Easter time, which became a popular and commercial success.
