Imisebenzi yoshishino lokuhamba ikhokelela kumvuzo ophezulu kunye nesigxina esisisigxina sokuphumelela kwezemali, ukukhupha imbuyekezo kuzo zombini imveliso kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo, ngokutsho kwe-US Travel Association's Made in America: Igalelo lokuHamba kuPhuhliso lwaBasebenzi.
Uhambo lwase-US lukhuphe uphononongo ngokuchasene nomva weVeki yeSizwe yokuHamba noKhenketho yoNyaka yama-36. Ingxelo-yesibini kuthotho lwe-US Travel's "Made in America" ebonisa ukubaluleka kokuhamba kuqoqosho lwase-US-ifumanisa ukuba imisebenzi yeshishini lokuhamba ibonelela ngendlela eya kwimpumelelo kwizigidi zabantu baseMelika.
Phakathi kweziphumo eziphezulu:
• Ukuhamba lishishini loku-1 lemisebenzi yokuqala. Phantse abasebenzi abane kwabali-10 baye baqalisa ukuhamba nokhenketho. Ngaphaya koko, ziyimisebenzi yokuqala elungileyo enika abasebenzi izakhono, ukuzithemba kunye namava ayimfuneko kwimisebenzi enempumelelo kuluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi.
• Abantu abaqale umsebenzi wabo wokuhamba baye baqhubela phambili befumana umvuzo ophakathi we-avareji eyi-82,400 yeedola ngelixa babeneminyaka engama-50 ubudala-ngaphezulu kunabo baqala kwimveliso, ukhathalelo lwempilo kunye namanye amashishini.
• Phantse isithathu sabantu baseMelika (i-31%) abangena kwakhona emsebenzini benza njalo ngomsebenzi kwishishini lokuhamba-xa kuthelekiswa ne-12% kuphela kwimveliso kunye ne-8% kukhathalelo lwempilo. Imisebenzi yohambo inokuguquguquka, ukufumaneka, ukwahluka kunye nokugxila kwizakhono ezisebenzayo ukuqalisa ikhondo lomsebenzi elinemivuzo.
Le ngxelo ikwabandakanya uphononongo lwabantu abaye balandela imisebenzi kushishino lokuhamba kwaye bafezekisa iphupha labo laseMelika ngenxa yoko.
Njengabaninzi baseMelika, umsebenzi wam wokuqala wawukwishishini lokuhamba-njengomlindi kwichibi lehotele-kwaye kwandinika isiseko sezakhono kunye namathuba akhokelela kumsebenzi omde kunye nomvuzo," watsho uMongameli we-US Travel Association kunye ne-CEO uRoger. Dow. “Imisebenzi yeshishini lokuhamba ifikeleleka ngokukhethekileyo kubo bonke abantu baseMelika, kwaye ibonelela ngendlela eya kubomi obuqinileyo, ubomi bonke. Ngamafutshane, ukuhamba lisango eliya kwiphupha laseMelika. ”
Ezinye zezinto eziphambili ezithathwa kwingxelo:
• Imisebenzi yeshishini lokuhamba ibonelela bhetyebhetye ekusukeleni imfundo ephakamileyo noqeqesho. Kwi-6.1 yezigidi zabantu baseMelika abasebenza ixeshana ngelixa belandela imfundo ephezulu ngo-2018, ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha baqeshwe kumashishini anxulumene nokuhamba. Phantse umqeshwa omnye kwabahlanu (18%) weshishini lezohambo uya esikolweni ngoku, xa kuthelekiswa ne-8% yabasebenzi abahamba isikolo kwamanye amacandelo ezoqoqosho.
• Ishishini lezohambo lahlukene kwaye liyafikeleleka xa lithelekiswa namanye amashishini. Phantse isiqingatha (i-46%) yabasebenzi beshishini lokuhamba banamabanga aphakamileyo okanye ngaphantsi, xa kuthelekiswa ne-30% yabasebenzi bezoqoqosho lonke. Ukuhamba kukwanesabelo esikhulu samaHispanics, ama-Afrika aseMelika kunye nabantu beentlanga ezininzi kunoqoqosho lonke.
• Amava ohambo akhuthaza oosomashishini. Ishumi elinesixhenxe ekhulwini labantu baseMelika umsebenzi wabo wokuqala wawukuhambo ngoku banamashishini abo, kwaye i-19% bazijonga njengabasomashishini-kwakhona, inani eliphezulu kunemveliso kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo. Kwabasetyhini abaqala umsebenzi wabo kwishishini lokuhamba, i-14% ngoku izibona njengabasomashishini, xa kuthelekiswa ne-10% kuphela yalabo baqala ukhathalelo lwempilo.
• Ishishini lezohambo livala umsantsa wezakhono. Ngoqeqesho, imfundo, iinkqubo zesatifikethi kunye namava okuzibonela, ishishini libonelela ngezibonelelo kunye namathuba kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo kunye nabafundi beekholeji, abancinci, ababhinqileyo kunye nabantu abanezithintelo zengqesho ezifana nokungabikho kwemfundo esemthethweni.
"Izibalo ziyoyikeka, kodwa kuxa ufunda iiprofayili apho impembelelo yokwenyani yeshishini lokuhamba kwimisebenzi icaca," utshilo uDow. “Ibali ngalinye libonelela ngomfanekiso wezinto ezinokubakho ushishino lokuhamba olunabo kuye nabani na ofuna ukuphila ubomi obuqinileyo.
"Le ngxelo iphinda ibethelele into yokuba uhambo lubalulekile kwimisebenzi kunye noqoqosho lwelizwe lethu, kwaye urhulumente wethu kufuneka abeke phambili imigaqo-nkqubo yezohambo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ishishini liyaqhubeka nokukhula."
Ingxelo ngokuyinhloko ixhomekeke kwidatha evela kwi-Bureau of Labor Statistics yeSizwe iLongitudinal Surveys yoLutsha ngo-1979 kunye ne-1997 ukuhlola indlela yomsebenzi wabantu abo umsebenzi wabo wokuqala wawukushishino lokuhamba.
