Ndihlala ndibuzwa ukuba kutheni ndibhala malunga ne iiwayini zaseItali. Iimpendulo zilula kakhulu:
1. I-Itali ivelisa iwayini ezikholisa inkalakahla ngamaxabiso exabiso
2. Ngemizamo yayo yokuthengisa, i-Italiya iye yakrola indawo enkulu kwiivenkile zewayini kunye nokuthengwa/okuqokelelweyo kwewayini kubathengi.
3. Kukho amathuba amaninzi orhwebo lwewayini, abafundisi bewayini kunye nababhali bewayini ukuba "bajongane" newayini yaseTaliyane kunye nabenzi bewayini.
Indawo yewayini yaseItali
Iwayini iveliswa kuyo yonke indawo e-Italiya iyenza ibe ngoyena mvelisi mkhulu wehlabathi. Ngaphezulu kwe-702,000 yeehektare (1, 730,000 yeehektare) zediliya ziphantsi kokulinywa kunye nokunikezelwa (2013-2017) kunye nomyinge wonyaka we-48,3 yezigidi ze-HL yewayini. Ngo-2018, i-Italiya yathatha i-19 lepesenti yeemveliso zewayini kwihlabathi, ibetha i-France (i-17 yeepesenti) kunye ne-Spain (i-15 ekhulwini).
The Ummandla weVeneto Ikhokele imveliso ngo-2020 ivelisa iwayini eyaneleyo yokuvelisa i-543 yee-Euro ezithengiswa kumazwe angaphandle. Uninzi lwe wayini eveliswa e Italy ithunyelwa eMelika, eJamani nase United Kingdom. I-Itali iyindawo yesibini enkulu yokubonelela ngewayini e-United Kingdom kwaye ifumene malunga ne-646 yezigidi zeeponti ze-Bhritane zewayini ezivela kweli lizwe leMeditera ngo-2021.
Ishishini lewayini lidlale indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwase-Italiya. Eli candelo ngoku liqeshe ngaphezu kwe-1.3 yezigidi zabantu (ngokuthe ngqo nangokungathanga ngqo), kwaye inani lihlala lisanda njengoko icandelo likhula. Ushishino lwewayini olwandisiweyo – oluquka ukhenketho, ukwenziwa, ukwenziwa kunye nokuthengisa, lukhuphe ingeniso ye-Euro 10.6 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2017, ngokunyuka nge-5 ekhulwini ngonyaka.
KwiiNgingqi
Kukho ngaphezu kwama-20 emimandla eyahlukeneyo yokulima iwayini e-Italiya kunye neentlobo zewayini ezingaphezu kwama-2000. IPiedmont, iTuscany kunye neVeneto zezona ngingqi zintathu zivelisa iwayini.
1. EPiedmont. Iqhubele phambili ngakumbi kuneminye imimandla
IkwiiAlps, lo mmandla ugqunywe ziinduli kwaye uzisa ubusika obuneqabaka. Kwimpuma yommandla wePiedmont kukho iiNtaba zeApennine eziselunxwemeni, ezahlula iPiedmont kwiLiguria kunye noLwandle lweMeditera. Iintaba zeAlps kunye ne-Apennine zenza isimo sezulu esihle sokukhula kweediliya.
Ngaba ujonge imozulu eshushu? Intlambo yoMlambo iPo kuMazantsi-mpuma yindawo yokwenza iwayini kwiNebbiolo (idiliya zemveli zase-Italian) kwaye idume ngeBarolo, Gattinara, kunye neBarbaresco. IPiedmont ivelisa iMoscato d'Asti – iwayini enencasa emhlophe ehlwahlwazayo, kunye neVermouth.
2. ITuscany
Lo mmandla wewayini unezona bhotile zeDenominazione di Origine Controllata Garantita (DOCG) eItali. Ukutyunjwa kweDOCG yinkqubo yaseItali yokuchonga iindawo zewayini kunye namagama ewayini. Iiwayini ezineleyibhile ye-DOCG zingeniswa kwiimfuno ezingqongqo kunezo zibhalwe DOC (Denominazione di Origine Controllata), kuquka ukuvunywa kokungcamla. Owona mdiliya uphambili yiSangiovese. Ummandla wahlulwe waba ziindawo ezincinci zemveliso nezona zibalulekileyo:
UBrunello di Montalcino
Idume ngeepesenti ezili-100 zeediliya zeSangiovese Brunello apho umgangatho ulungile, kodwa ubuninzi bulinganiselwe. Ngomnyaka ka 1980 uBrunello di Montalcino wayeyenye yewayini ezine eyanikwa itayitile yokuqala yeDOCG kungoko ixabiso liphezulu. Iwayini iveza amanqaku amnandi amakhiwane omisiweyo, i-cherries e-candied, i-hazelnuts kunye nesikhumba esithosiweyo. I-Tannins ijika ibe yitshokolethi kwaye ihambise i-asidi emnandi.
Chianti
Umyinge we 80 pesenti ye Sangiovese idiliya esetyenziswayo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iCanaiolo Nero imidiliya (ivelisa iwayini ebomvu) kunye neColorino ibandakanyiwe kwaye ifikelela kumyinge we 10 ekhulwini lomdiliya omhlophe (Malvasia kunye ne Trebbiano). Ezinye iintlobo zediliya azinakugqitha ngaphezulu kwe 15 pesenti kwaye zingaquka i Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, kunye ne Syrah.
Chianti Classico
Iwayini kufuneka iquke i-75-100 yepesenti yeediliya zeSangiovese kunye/okanye iCanaiolo (ukuya kutsho kwi-10 pesenti). I-Trebbiano, kunye ne-Malvasia (ukuya kwi-6 ekhulwini). Ezinye iintlobo zediliya zivumelekile kodwa azikho ngaphezulu kwe 15 pesenti.
Iwayini entle yeMontepulciano
IVino Nobile yenziwe ngomdiliya wePrugnolo Gentile (udidi oludityanisiweyo olusuka kumdiliya weSangiovese) kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yiSangiovese Grosso, kunye nezinye iindidi ezimbalwa. Iwayini zeSuper Tuscany zezona zisemgangathweni ophezulu ezingalandeliyo imithetho yemveli. Zonke iibhotile ziyiklasi ye-IGT kwaye zijongwa kakhulu ngabathandi bewayini.
3. Veneto
Ingingqi yeVeneto ikwindawo yesibini ngokuvelisa iwayini elizweni emva kweApulia, ekumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu. Iwayini nganye yenziwe ngeendidi zediliya ezahlukeneyo ezikhokelela kumava encasa eyohlukeneyo:
Soave. Iwayini emhlophe esuka kwi 70 pesenti ye Garganega yediliya, enye yi Chardonnay, Pinot okanye i Trebbiano. Iincasa eziphambili zeSoave zohluka kwixolo lelamuni, i-Honey Dew melon eswiti, ityuwa, iicashews eziluhlaza kunye nekoriyanda.
I-Valpolicella
Iwayini ebomvu evela eCorvina, Molinara, Rondinella iintlobo zediliya kwaye ibonise umzimba olula onikezelwa kakuhle obandayo. Le wayini yabelana ngeempawu zeBeaujolais kwaye iphawulwe ngencasa yayo yecherry.
Bardolino
Le wayini ibomvu yaseVenice iphethe isatifikethi seDOC kwaye iSuperiore (iwayini endala endala) ibambe iwonga leDOCG (2001). Iindidi zediliya ziquka iCorvina vine (35-65 pesenti) kunye ne Rondinella Classica yase Veneto (10-40 pesenti). Ezinye iidiliya ezisetyenziswa ngokweepesenti ezincinci ziquka iMolinar (10 -20 pesenti) kunye neNegara (ubuninzi bepesenti ezilishumi). Iwayini iveliswa ecaleni kweenduli zemorainic ukuya empuma yeLake Garda.
Isiganeko
Oyena mntu ubalaseleyo kwindawo yewayini yase-Italiya nguJames Suckling oququzelela kwaye avelise imisitho yewayini ehlekisayo e-NYC, eMiami, nakwezinye iindawo eziphambili zamazwe ngamazwe. E-Manhattan, i-Suckling isanda kunika iiwayini ezingaphezulu kwama-220 ngosuku (ientsuku ezimbini) ibonisa iwayini ezizuze amanqaku angama-92-100.
Uluvo lwam lobuqu
1. 2016 Castello di Alboa Il Solatio DOCG. Chianti Classico
I-Chianti inelifa lase-Italiya elisusela kwii-3 zeenkulungwane. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kukho umahluko phakathi kweChianti kunye neChianti Classico.
a. Chianti Classico
– Iwayini kufuneka iquke umyinge we 80 yepesenti yeediliya zeSangiovese
– Iidiliya ezibomvu kuphela ezivumelekileyo
-Iidiliya zinokukhuliswa kuphela kwiphondo laseFlorence naseSienna kwiindawo ezithile
-Igama elithathwe kwinto yokuba libandakanya iilokishi zokuqala apho iChianti yaqala ukuveliswa ngokwembali (iCastellina eChianti, iRadda eChianti, iGaiole eChianti - zonke kwiphondo laseSiena)
– Kufuneka ube mdala ubuncinane iinyanga ezili-10 phambi kokuba ufakwe ebhotileni
b. Chianti
– 70 yepesenti kufuneka ibe yimidiliya yeSangiovese
– Ukuya kutsho kwi 10 pesenti yeentlobo zediliya ezimhlophe ezivumelekileyo
Ubudala iinyanga ezi-3 phambi kokuba ufakwe ebhotileni
-Chianti Superiore (igama elihlala kwiChianti) elidala ubuncinci beenyanga ezili-9
amaNqaku
Emehlweni, i-sienna etshileyo isiya kumnyama. Impumlo ifumana icherry eninzi ephucukileyo enomsindo, ijam yamaqunube kunye namaqunube aluhlaza. Ithambile kwaye ithambile kwinkalakahla ilungelelene kwaye intle. Ukugqiba okumnandi (kunye neengcebiso ze-almonds) ngethamsanqa zihlala ixesha elide kwaye ziyathandeka. Khonza kwiglasi enkulu "yeBordeaux".
2. 2019 Baracchi Smeriglio Sangiovese DOC
amaNqaku
Itsheri emnyama ebomvu ukutshisa i-sienna kwiliso, iveza amavumba e-violets kunye ne-cherry, i-aromas eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye ne-raspberries ukuvuza impumlo ngeengcebiso ezongezelelweyo ze-spice kunye ne-balsamic eyongeza kwisibheno sevumba. I-tannins ekhanyayo kodwa eqinile iyabonakala kodwa ayongezi kakhulu kumava okungcamla
3. Ca'Rome' Maria di Brun Barbaresco DOCG Nebbiolo
amaNqaku
Ubunzulu bemahogany emnyama bubomvu emehlweni. Impumlo ifumana amavumba amaninzi amaqunube/itsheri athi athotywe ngumhlaba omanzi. Inkalakahla ivuzwa ngeziqhamo ezimnyama, kunye neetannins ezithambileyo, ezigudileyo, nezithambileyo. Le wayini iphantse yagqibelela kakhulu…ikhulula ubunyani kubuthambile bayo.