Ngelixa iinqwelomoya zase-US zisehlisa kwaye zikhuphela kwizinto eziluncedo, enye inkampani inika abakhweli bayo izihlalo zesikhumba, indawo yokuphumla eyaneleyo kunye nokutya kwasimahla. Kodwa abantu ababhabhayo rhoqo abafuni tikiti kwinto enokuba yeyona ikhula ngokukhawuleza “inqwelomoya” esebenza kuMbindi Merika.
Lo mphathiswa uqhutywa yi-US Immigration kunye neCustoms Enforcement, i-arhente ye-federal enoxanduva lokufumana kunye nokugxotha abafuduki abangabhalwanga. Ukuxhatshazwa kwabantu abafudukela kwamanye amazwe ngokungekho mthethweni kuye kwakhokelela ekugxothweni kunye nokudalwa kwe-airline ye-de facto ukuthumela abagxothiweyo ekhaya.
Inkonzo yomoya, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Repatriate ngabalawuli bezithuthi zomoya, yaziwa nje ngokuba yi-ICE Air kubasebenzi bearhente. Iinqwelomoya zayo zineendawo zokumisa iintloko ezibhalwe igama le-ICE kunye netywina. Inkonzo yenqwelomoya inembeko.
"Kuninzi lwaba bafuduki, kube luhambo olude oluya e-US," kusho uMichael J. Pitts, oyintloko yemisebenzi yendiza yokugxothwa kunye nokususwa e-ICE. “Oku iya kuba sisenzo sokugqibela abanaso nge-United States. Sifuna ukubonelela ngenkonzo entle.”
UPitts, owayesakuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya wasemkhosini, wathi i-ICE Air isebenza njengenqwelomoya, abakhweli ababhabhayo besiya kwizixeko apho banxibelelana neenqwelomoya zamazwe ngamazwe.
Kodwa ezo dolophu zinobugorha-ezinje ngeMesa, Ariz., kunye neAlexandria, La., Ezikufutshane neendawo zokuvalelwa kwabantu abavela kwamanye amazwe ngokungekho mthethweni - azicacanga. Kwaye iindawo zokugqibela ziseLatin America, kubandakanya ukuya kuthi ga kwiinqwelomoya ezintathu yonke imihla ukuya kwisiXeko saseGuatemala kunye nezimbini ukuya eTegucigalpa, eHonduras.
I-Pitts ikwasungule inkonzo kutsha nje kwiiPhilippines, eIndonesia naseKhambodiya.
Lilonke, urhulumente wase-US uthumela abantu kumazwe angaphezu kwe-190. Ngaphandle kweMexico, i-ICE yabuyela ekhaya i-76,102 abafuduki abangekho mthethweni kunyaka-mali ophelile ngoSeptemba 30, ukusuka kwi-72,187 kunyaka odlulileyo kunye ne-50,222 kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo.
Okubizwa ngokuba 'ngabakhweli abangeyongeniso'
Abaxhasi be-ICE Air yinto ebizwa ngokuba “ngabakhweli abangeyiyo ingeniso,” kuba iWashington ibeka i-bill ngama-620 eedola umntu ngokomndilili wendlela enye yokugoduka. I-arhente ngoku ibhabha ngeenqwelo-moya ezili-10, ngokuphindwe kabini kunonyaka ophelileyo, kubandakanywa iijethi eziqeshiweyo nezikarhulumente.
Ukusuka kwisiXeko saseKansas, iqela likaPitts linxibelelanisa neeofisi ze-ICE ezingama-24 kwaye lijonge zonke iinqwelomoya. Ngentsasa yakutshanje, abasebenzi balandelele iinqwelomoya ezisixhenxe ze-ICE Air eziya kuMbindi Merika kwimephu yodonga lwe-elektroniki. Abacwangcisi abathathu basebenze iifowuni kwaye bathumela i-imeyile ngokungxamayo ukubeka abafuduki kwiinqwelomoya ezizayo.
"Sinabaphambukeli abangama-30 base-El Salvador abalungele ukususwa," igosa kwiziko lokuvalelwa e-Arizona latsho ngomnxeba. UPatty Ridley wajonga uluhlu lwakhe kwaye waqinisekisa izihlalo kwinqwelomoya ecwangciselwe ukushiya iMesa, Ariz., Isiya eSan Salvador kwiiveki ezimbini kamva.
Omnye umcwangcisi, uDawnesa Williams, owayefudula esebenza njengearhente yokuhamba, walungelelanisa uhambo lomphambukeli ongekho mthethweni osuka eBakersfield, eCalif.
Njengabathwali abaqhelekileyo, i-ICE iyazi ukuba ifumana i-bang eninzi ye-buck ukuba inokugcwalisa isihlalo ngasinye, ngoko ayicwangcisi nayiphi na inqwelomoya de ibenobunzima obukhulu babagxothwa.
“Senza umzamo oqinisekileyo wokufumana imali eninzi,” utshilo uPitts.
Ngamanye amaxesha abakhweli bayaxinana, utshilo, "ukwenza indawo yamatyala aphambili." Abo basenokuba ngabaphuli-mthetho abafunwa lilizwe labo okanye abantu abafuna ukugoduka ngenxa yemeko engxamisekileyo yosapho.
Phambi kokusa kusuku lwakutsha nje, umphathi uRosemarie Williams waqokelela amalungu ali-13 - abasebenzi bekhontrakthi abangaxhobanga abaphinda kabini njengabasebenzi benqwelomoya - kwisikhululo senqwelomoya ukuze babachazele nge-"RPN 742," ecwangciselwe ukuhamba nge-9 ekuseni ukusuka eLaredo, eTexas, ukuya. IsiXeko saseGuatemala.
Kubantu abayi-128 abagxothiweyo kwinqwelomoya, abathandathu ngabasetyhini kwaye abathathu babotshwe izandla.
I-swanky Boeing 737-800, eqeshwe kwi-Miami Air International, yayinezihlalo zesikhumba ezimdaka ezili-172 kunye noqwalaselo lweklasi enye. Umqhubi we-co-pilot uThomas Hall wavolontiya ukuba inkampani isetyenziselwa ukuhamba ngeenqwelo ezinzima, njengoMongameli wangaphambili uClinton kunye noMongameli uGeorge W. Bush xa babekhankasa.
I-Miami Air ayinakuxoxa ngabathengi bayo abathile, kodwa iWebhusayithi yayo inika "inkonzo engenakuthelekiswa nanto" kwiinkampani, amaqela ezemidlalo kunye nabaviwa bezopolitiko "abasithembileyo ukuba babafumane apho bafuna ukuya khona, xa kufuneka babe lapho."
“Le yenye yezona nqwelo-moya zethu zintsha,” watsho uHall.
'Lindela inyathelo lakho. Umnqweno omhle'
Ngentsimbi yesi-8 kusasa iibhasi ezimbini neeveni ezimbini ezizele ngabantu abavela kwamanye amazwe zamisa ecaleni kwenqwelo-moya. Ummeli we-ICE uRoland Pastramo wakhwela isithuthi ngasinye, ebambe ibhodi eqhotyoshwayo enamagama abakhweli.
“Molweni,” watsho ekhwaza ngeSpanish, baza abo bagxothiweyo bawubuyisela umbuliso. “Ixesha lakho lokubhabha ukuya kwisiXeko saseGuatemala liya kuba ziiyure ezi-2.5 … . Jonga inyathelo lakho. Umnqweno omhle."
Umkhweli ngamnye unelungelo leekhilogram ezingama-40 zomthwalo, obhalwe ngononophelo. Ithegi ekwibhegi enkulu emnyama efakwe kwinqwelomoya eya eGuatemala idwelise le mixholo ilandelayo: imicrowave, iithoyi, iVCR kunye nesarha yombane.
“Asibahlawulisi ngokuzisa ngaphezulu kuba abakhweli abaninzi baneeponti ezimbalwa kuphela egameni labo,” utshilo uPat Reilly, isithethi se-ICE. Uninzi lwabantu abazama ukungena e-US baphathe kuphela ubhaka.
Ngoxa amagosa ezokhuselo ayelayisha inqwelo-moya impahla yabaphambukeli, abanye baqhwanyaza abakhweli, abehla, ngamnye ngamnye ebhasini bebeke izandla emva kwentloko yabo. Emva kokumbamba umzimba, ii-arhente zahlola izicathulo zabagibeli, zajonga imilomo yabo, zakhulula iingalo zabo kwaye zabathumela kwinqwelomoya.
Yayiyeyona nqwelo-moya yayiyeyokuqala kuninzi lwabagxothiweyo. Iinkqubo zokhuseleko zavela kwividiyo ngeSpanish; kwakungekho movie.
Ummeli wokhuseleko uVictoria Taylor, ofunda iSpanish, wakhuthaza abakhweli ukuba bancike kwizihlalo zabo “ukuze bathuthuzeleke ngakumbi.” Umongikazi wenqwelo-moya (uhlala ekhona ebhodini) usasaze iyeza kwabo babeyifuna, ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo evela kumaziko okuvalelwa.
Ngexesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, amagosa okhuseleko anikezela ngesidlo sasemini sebhokisi: isangweji ye-bologna, iitshiphusi zetapile, ijusi yeorenji kunye nengxowa yeminqathe.
Xa ebuzwa malunga nomgangatho wokutya, umkhweli uVeronica Garcia wothukile wanikina intloko. Omnye umkhweli, uJudy Novoa, wankcunkca emiphethweni yesandwich waza wagqiba kwelokuba, “Kulungile.”
Abakhweli, ababethe cwaka okanye balala phantsi, bathi beze e-US benethemba lokusebenzela eMaryland, Massachusetts naseMississippi, phakathi kwezinye iindawo.
UGarcia, umthengi ophindayo, uthe wayeyiyure nje enye ngaphandle kweHouston xa ilori yakhe yabanjwa.
UNovoa, oneminyaka engama-20 ubudala, wathi wabanjwa kuloliwe kufutshane neSan Antonio.
“Ndandikulungele ukwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi ondilisekileyo,” watsho, ecacisa ukuba wayehlawule iidola ezingama-5,000 XNUMX ukuze athutyelwe eGuatemala asiwe eUnited States.
Iqaqobana labakhweli ababekhwele enqanaweni babanjiwe njengoko babezama ukuphuma e-US ngokuzithandela kwabo.
Emva kokwakha indlu kwilali yakhe ngeedola ezithunyelwe ekhaya zisuka eFlorida ngaphezulu kweminyaka emithathu, umsebenzi wefektri uSaul Benjamin wagqiba kwelokuba lixesha lokubuyela eGuatemala. “Ndandifuna ukuba kunye nentsapho yam,” watsho utata wabantwana ababini.
Kumda we-US-Mexico, waceba ukukhwela ibhasi eya eGuatemala. Kodwa uthe abasemagunyeni baseMexico bafune intlawulo ye-500 yeedola endaweni yokudlula efunekayo.
Wayengenako ukuhlawula isinyobo, ngoko ke uBenjamin wathi iiarhente zaseMexico zamnikezela kwi-US Border Patrol. Uthe xa exelelwa yonke into, wabanjwa inyanga yonke kwindawo yokuvalelwa.
“Ukuba bendizigxothile njengoko bendicelile, ngendabe ndisekhaya kwiiveki ezidlulileyo,” utshilo.
Ukubuyela ekhaya kusenokuba mnandi, nangona iimeko zinjalo. Xa inqwelo-moya yafika eGuatemala, abakhweli abaninzi baqhwaba izandla. Xa bephuma kwinqwelo-moya, abanye benza umqondiso womnqamlezo okanye bancamisa umhlaba.
Igosa lesebe lezangaphandle laseGuatemala lathi, “Namkelekile ekhaya,” laza laxelela abafikayo ukuba bayakwazi ukufumana ifowuni, inkonzo yokutshintsha imali kunye neeveni eziya kwisikhululo sebhasi simahla. "Ukuba usebenzise igama elahlukileyo e-US, sicela usinike igama lakho lokwenyani," igosa lixelele isihlwele. "Akukho ngxaki."
