Okwangoku akunakwenzeka ukuthatha uloliwe ukusuka eMarrakech eMorocco ukuya eRiyadh eSaudi Arabia-ukusuka esiphelweni sehlabathi lama-Arabhu ukuya kwelinye. Kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha kunokuba ngaphezulu kwephupha lombhobho njengoko igagasi lotyalo-mali olunzima kuhambo lukaloliwe lutshayela lo mmandla.
Oololiwe banembali ende eMbindi Mpuma nakuMntla Afrika; I-Egypt idweliswe njengelizwe lesithathu emhlabeni kunye nelokuqala ku-Mbindi Mpuma ukusebenzisa oololiwe ukuhambisa abakhweli. Abanye bade bathi, kuba ngela xesha uloliwe zaziswa eIndiya yayiyinxalenye yoBukhosi base-Bhritane, i-Egypt kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo yesibini.
Inaliti yangoku yemali kukukhanya ekugqibeleni kwetonela elide kakhulu, elimnyama. Isigqibo soorhulumente sokutyala imali koohola bendlela nakwizikhululo zeenqwelo moya emva kweMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi kukhokelele ekuncipheni kweziseko zophuhliso zikaloliwe, utshilo uDavid Briginshaw, umhleli oyintloko we-International Rail Journal.
Lo mfanekiso namhlanje wahluke kakhulu, sinolwazi olukhulu lokuba uloliwe yindlela yothutho egcineke kakhulu, kwaye yona ibangela ukuba kubekho inkcitho enkulu kwakhona kwinkcitho kaloliwe kwihlabathi liphela.
Buyela kuhambo lwethu ukusuka eMarrakech ukuya eRiyadh. Yimalini esinokuyenza namhlanje?
EMorocco, iNkampani yeSizwe yoLoliwe (i-ONCF) ngo-Novemba 2007 yabhengeza izicwangciso zokwakha uthungelwano olukhawulezayo loololiwe olusekwe kuloliwe waseFrance okhawulezayo iTGV, eyayizolula iimayile ezingama-932, idibanisa zonke izixeko ezikhulu kwaye igqitywe ngowama-2030. Abakhweli abazizigidi ezili-133 kulindeleke ukuba basebenzise uthungelwano minyaka le bakugqiba.
Njengomzekelo wezibonelelo zoololiwe abatsha i-ONCF iqikelela ixesha lokuhamba phakathi kwezixeko eziphambili zaseMarrakech naseCasablanca ziya kuncitshiswa ukusuka kwiiyure ezintathu ukuya kwimizuzu eli-15 ukuya kwiyure enye kunye nemizuzu engama-20.
Ukusuka eMorocco kukho imizila kaloliwe ekhoyo eya eTunisia naseAlgeria, kodwa ngenxa yemeko yezopolitiko umda neAlgeria uhlala uvaliwe. Ngelixa iLibya ibinezicwangciso zokwakha umzila kaloliwe ecaleni konxweme, okwangoku akukho zicwangciso zibambekayo, njengoko iLibya iswele imali efunekayo kwiiprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso ezikhulu kangaka.
Kude kube kuvulwe iSuez Canal ngo-1869, umzila kaloliwe wase-Egypt wawusetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuhambisa iimpahla ukongeza kwinjongo yayo yoqobo yokuthwala abakhweli. Ngelixa iminyaka yenethiwekhi yase-Egypt ingumthombo wokuzingca, ngo-2007 imigca yayiyinto eyenye ngaphandle kwaleyo.
Kwiingozi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, abantu abamalunga ne-400 baphulukana nobomi babo xa babehamba kaloliwe. U-Boulos N. Salama, uprofesa woololiwe kwiYunivesithi yaseCairo yeFakhalthi yezoBunjineli, wagwetywa ngokukhokelela kuphando kwiingozi. Iziphumo azibonakalisileyo zikhokelele urhulumente ukuba abele i-14 yezigidigidi zeedola ukuphucula uthungelwano lwesizwe lukaloliwe.
Imali izakusetyenziselwa ukwakha imigca kwiidolophu ezintsha ezikhula ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kweNayile Delta. ICairo ikwanenjongo yokumpompa imali ekuphuculeni iinkqubo ezindala zokubonisa ezisasetyenziswa kwiipesenti ezingama-85 zemigca.
Ibhulorho elandelayo yokuwela kwindlela eya eRiyadh yiSinayi Peninsula edibanisa i-Egypt ne-Israeli, ngokwe-Briginshaw. Akukho zicwangciso zokudibanisa iinethiwekhi ezimbini zikaloliwe kwikamva elibonakalayo.
Kukho uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lokuqhubeka nomgaqo osele usukile eDimona uye e-Eilat encotsheni yeGulf of Aqaba, utshilo u-Yaron Ravid wakwa-Israel Railway. Oko kungazisa uloliwe kumda ne-Egypt. Ukongezwa komgca kuya kudibanisa u-Eilat okhenketho kunye neAshdod, enye yakwa-Israyeli izixeko ezibini eziphambili.
Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku, iprojekthi ephambili kwaSirayeli ngumgca wesantya esiphezulu oya kudibanisa amandla ezopolitiko aseYerusalem kunye nenkunzi yezoshishino, iTel Aviv. Lo mgca wawumiselwe ukuba ugqitywe ngo-2008, kodwa ujongene nokulibaziseka kweminyaka emihlanu.
Ngokubhekisele kunyuka kolwakhiwo kutshanje, uRavid uthi umdla kulwakhiwo lukaloliwe unokuchazwa ngokuba urhulumente ngoku uyaqonda ukuba iingxaki zezothutho zelizwe azinakusonjululwa ngokwakha iindlela ezingaphezulu.
Ukusuka kwindawo yezobuchwephesha akukho ngxaki ekuxhumeni uthungelwano lakwa-Israeli kunye neJordanian, utshilo uRavid. Kukho isindululo- nangona kungekho bhajethi sinikezelweyo - ukwakha umgca ukusuka kwisixeko saseHaifa ukuya eJordani, ukuwela eSheikh Hussein Bridge, ngaloo ndlela uqhagamshela indawo yemizi-mveliso esecaleni laseJordani kunye nenqaku elongezelelekileyo lokuhambisa.
Olona hlobo lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya olunzima kuphela lwaseJordani oluya eAqaba kumazantsi eli lizwe, elinonxibelelwano olusisiseko eSyria. ISyria ke inxulunyaniswa neTurkey, apho urhulumente atyala imali eyi-1.3 yezigidigidi kunxibelelwano phakathi kwe-Ankara neSivas kwimpuma yelizwe, ukuya phambili e-Iraq.
Isithuba esilandelayo kwindlela yethu sisuka e-Iraq sidlula eKuwait ukuya ezantsi eSaudi Arabia naseGulf. Kukho isicwangciso esele sikhona kangangeminyaka emininzi sokwakha umgca kummandla we-Gulf usuka e-Basra e-Iraq uye e-Kuwait nayo yonke indlela eya emazantsi e-United Arab Emirates.
Inqanaba lokugqibela lohambo yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-Saudi Landbridge, iprojekthi ebandakanya umgca we-590-mile phakathi kwekomkhulu iRiyadh kunye nezibuko loLwandle oluBomvu iJedda, kunye nonxibelelwano lweekhilomitha ezingama-71 phakathi kwesixeko seshishini iJubail kunye neDammam, hub yeoyile kunxweme lweGulf. Iprojekthi yonke iqikelelwa kwi- $ 5b.
Ukusuka eJedda ikhonkco elitsha likaloliwe lijolise ekuhambiseni i-Umra neHajj abahambahambayo abazizigidi ezili-10 minyaka yonke ukuya kwizixeko ezingcwele iMecca neMedina. Kubandakanya ulwakhiwo malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-310 zemizila kaloliwe ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu phakathi kwezi zixeko zithathu. Imigca emitsha izakuvumela oololiwe ukuba bahambe ngeekhilomitha ezili-180 ngeyure, ukuvumela uhambo lweJedda –Mecca ixesha lesiqingatha seyure, kunye neJedda – Medina ngeyure ezimbini.
Kumashumi eminyaka edlulayo i-Eurail, ivumele ukuhamba koomgaqo kaloliwe abangama-21 eYurophu, oololiwe bedlula ngokungagungqi kwimida yamanye amazwe. Abanye abaphuhlisi bakaloliwe babona isicwangciso esifanayo kuMbindi Mpuma.
Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku, kuzothatha ixesha ngaphambi kokuba iindwendwe eziya eMbindi Mpuma zikwazi ukuhamba ngaphesheya kommandla ngendlela efanayo, kwaye nothando lohambo olusuka eMarrakech luye eRiyadh luhleli kummandla wamaphepha.
