I-Covid 19 yokuTya ngaphandle iba yingxaki

Ubomi BC (Phambi koCovid 19)

phambi kokuba I-Covid 19 Ukutyela ngaphandle kwakungekho-brainer; ukuthatha ipitsa okanye ukubhukisha kwindawo yokutyela entsha, ehamba phambili - akukho ngxaki. Nangona kunjalo, enkosi kuMongameli wase-USA kunye namanye amagosa anyuliweyo, ukusela ibhari nabahlobo, okanye ukutya iburger kwindawo yokutyela ekufuphi kuye kwathatha izakhono zokwenza izigqibo kunye neziphumo ezinokubakho zokuntywila esibhakabhakeni okanye ukutsiba kwetampoline… ukuba semngciphekweni kwelungu nobomi. Ukuchonga ukuba iindawo zokutyela zivulekile okanye zivaliwe, vumela ukuhlala ngaphakathi / ngaphandle okanye ukuphuma, baneemenyu ezingachukumisiyo, yamkela iPayPal okanye iApplePay kwaye bayiphucule inkqubo yeHVAC isusa iiseli zamandla. Yintoni eyayiyinto yemihla ngemihla ngoku ithatha ingcinga engaphezulu kunokuba kunokuba kufanelekile.

Ngelixa abathengi bezama ukugqiba ukuba kufanele yitya okanye utye ngaphandle, Ubunzima bokuba ngumnini-venkile yokutyela bunokucingelwa kuphela kwaye ukungahambi kakuhle kwemithetho nemigaqo emitsha eyilelwe ngabalawuli bakarhulumente kunye namagosa anyuliweyo anamava okanye abanamava okanye ulwazi kwishishini lokutyela liphupha elibi.

Ukufika kwe-Covid 19 kunye neeVenkile ziyagula

Njengokuba izazinzulu zaqala ukulinganisa ukuqhambuka kweCovid 19 eWuhan, China (okanye zicinga ukuba yaqala eTshayina), kunye nolwazi olwapapashwa ngamajelo eendaba kubathengi, lwaya lucotha iinkokheli zehlabathi ukuba yayingeyiyo enye intsholongwane le; le yayinkulu kwaye inesibindi ke nantoni na eyabonwa lihlabathi kumashumi eminyaka kwaye ekugqibeleni yachazwa njengobhubhane.

Impendulo yohlanga ngokuqhambuka? Abantu baseMelika bayeke ukutya kwiivenkile zokutyela zaseTshayina, nto leyo ebangele ukuba kuvalwe iindawo ezininzi zokutyela zaseAsia kwilizwe liphela. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba iivenkile zokutyela zaseTshayina ziphinde zafumana ukubambeka njengokutya / ukutya okukhethiweyo kunqunyelwe, kushiya amaTshayina ebambe kwaye esebenziseka kwaye efikeleleka.

Abanye balapha kunye neendwendwe bathabathe ukukhupha umnqweno wabo wokutya ngaphandle kwendlu ngokupakisha imivalo kunye nokuthatha iincoko zabo ezingachazwanga kwizitrato zobumelwane. Njengokuba isihlwele kunye nengxolo zisanda, abahlali bakhuthaza iiarhente zikarhulumente ukuba zivale imivalo neendawo zokutyela, beshiya amashishini amancinci kumdlalo obonakala ungenasiphelo wesarha… ngenye imini bavunyelwe ukuvula, kusuku olulandelayo bayahlawuliswa kunye / okanye banyanzelwe ukuvala. Ambalwa amashishini anokumelana nokungaqiniseki kwaye aphile. Umzi mveliso wevenkile yokutyela, ubukhulu becala obunjwe ngamashishini amancinci, awulungiselelwanga kwaye ngenxa yokuba basebenza kwimida emincinci, iCovid 19 inokubangela ukubhubha kwabo.

Abathengi baFickle

Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, iindawo zokutyela ezintsha ziye zagqitha kwimfuno zabathengi kwaye, ngokunyuka okuphezulu, inzuzo ibisekuwe- simahla. Ngo-2019 iPizza Hut kunye ne-Wendy ye-franchisee ye-NPC yamazwe aphesheya yabona ukubakho kwe-bankruptcy kwiscreen sayo se-radar. Umsebenzi weBurger King (iCarrols Restaurant Group) usike inkcitho eyinkunzi yokugcina imali kunye nokuhlawula ityala. Inkqubo ye- Umdibaniso weNdawo yokuZimela oZimeleyo Uqikelele ukuba iipesenti ezingama-85 zeendawo zokutyela ezizimeleyo zinokuvala ngokusisigxina ngokuphela konyaka.

Ungenelelo lukaRhulumente. Izibonelelo Kubani?

I-2 yezigidigidi zeedola zoncedo ezipasiswe ngo-Matshi ngurhulumente wase-US zibandakanya iinkqubo zezezimali ezijolise ekugcineni uqoqosho lungaweli phakathi kwesifo sika Covid 19 kunye nolindelo lokuwela. Umzi mveliso wevenkile yokutyela, lelinye lawona macandelo athathwe kakhulu ziingxaki zezoqoqosho, wanikwa ijelo elitsha loncedo elahlukileyo kwinkqubo yemali mboleko ye-SBA.

Imali yeNkqubo yokuKhuselwa kwabasebenzi (PPP) yenziwa ukuba ifumaneke kumashishini achatshazelwe ngulo bhubhane kwaye inokusetyenziselwa ukuhlawulwa kwentlanganiso, kunye nokuhlawulwa kwemali kunye nokuhlawulwa kwezinto ezingafakwanga kwezinye iimali mboleko zikarhulumente. Amanqanaba enzala abanjelwe kwiipesenti ezi-4 kwaye iifizi zababolekisi zarhoxiswa. Ukongeza, ababolekisi bamashishini amancinci banakho ukuxolelwa iinxalenye zemali mboleko xa zisetyenziselwa imbuyekezo yabasebenzi kunye nezinye iindleko zolondolozo lweshishini. Ngokukodwa, isixa esixolelweyo siya kudibana noko umboleki achithe kwimivuzo, ekubambiseni imali mboleko kunye nokuzibophelela, kunye neendleko zoncedo. Inani lokuxolelwa liza kulungiswa ngokusekwe kwindlela yokurhola etshintshe ngayo kunyaka ophelileyo. Abasebenzi abaqeshwe ngokutsha emva kokuba betyunjwe baya kuthathwa njengabasebenzi abangazange bayishiye intlawulo kwaye izixa ezirhoxisiweyo azinakubalwa njengengeniso xa kusenziwa irhafu yomboleki.

Ngenxa yokuba inkonzo yasetafileni yangaphakathi iyekile kwiindawo ezininzi, iiseva zazingasenakufumana iingcebiso. Isicwangciso sivumela amashishini enkonzo epheleleyo ukuba basekele ukuhlawulwa kwabo kunye noxolelo ukubala kumvuzo wabasebenzi bokulinda umvuzo wangoku, endaweni yomvuzo kunye nesisa. Abasebenzi berestyu kunye nabanye abasebenzi abakulungeleyo ukufumana i-inshurensi yokungaphangeli emva kokuyekiswa emsebenzini banokufumana intlawulo eyongezelelweyo ye- $ 600 ngeveki iinyanga ezine.

Ngelishwa kukuba uninzi lweemali zeFederal zifumene indlela yazo kwiiakhawunti zebhanki zemixokelelwane yokutyela emikhulu, ishiya amashishini amancinci nazimeleyo- abathi, ekupheleni kosuku, bafumana kuphela iipesenti ezintlanu zoncedo olukhoyo nangona iipesenti ezingama-5 iivenkile zokutyela ezincinci bezenze isicelo semali.

Iziphumo zendlela esetyenziselwa ukuvala iivenkile (ngokungaphelelanga kunokuvalwa ngokupheleleyo) kwakuthetha ukuba ukuvalwa akuphumelelanga ukubangela iinshurensi yokuphazamiseka kwishishini kwiindawo zokutyela ezininzi. Ezinye izithintelo ze-inshurensi: ngaphandle kokugubungela kwimeko yobhubhane, isenzo esenziwe ngabasemagunyeni okanye umonakalo owenzakeleyo kwindawo leyo.

IMickensey.com iqikelela ukuba kwiindawo ezingama-650,000+ zokutyela zase-US ezazikwishishini ngo-2019, malunga nesinye kwabahlanu - okanye ngaphezulu kwe-130,000 ziya kuvalwa ngokusisigxina. Iindawo zokutyela ezizimeleyo ziya kubona elona zinga liphezulu lokuvalwa ngenxa yokuba besemngciphekweni omkhulu (umfanekiso ongekho ngaphambili, ubuncinci bezinto zedijithali, ugxininiso olusezantsi kukhetho lweemenyu ezisekwe kwixabiso), kunye nemodeli yeshishini engathandekiyo (imida emxinwa kunye nokufikelela okulinganiselweyo kwikapitali). Izabelo ezizimeleyo zeendawo zinokuwa ukusuka kwiipesenti ezingama-53 kwi-2019 ukuya kwiipesenti ezingama-43 ngo-2021.

Ukuvalwa kwendawo yokutyela kubangela ifuthe elibi ecaleni kwesixokelelwano sonikezelo. Amashishini axhomekekileyo kubandakanya ukuveliswa kokutya, iwayini kunye nabasasazi botywala, ukuhambisa ngenqanawa, abathengisi belineni, ukuloba, kunye nabanikezeli bokulima- kunye neemvumi, iintyatyambo kunye neenkonzo zokuhambisa- zonke ziya kuva ifuthe lokuvalwa kwevenkile yokutyela.

Ukusukela ngo-Epreli 2020, imisebenzi eyi-20.5 yezigidi zase-US yasuswa kwaye malunga nezigidi ezi-5.5 zazikwimizi-mveliso yokutyela. Iziko leeNkcukacha-manani zaBasebenzi lixele ukuba ingqesho kwimivuzo kwiinkonzo zokutya nakumaziko okusela yehle ukusuka kwizigidi ezili-11.9 ngo-Matshi ukuya kwi-6.4 yezigidi ngo-Epreli. Ukuba amanani aqala ngoFebruwari (12.3 yezigidi), ngaphambi kokuba iingxaki zeCovid 19 zifikelele encotsheni kwaye athi akhuphe iiodolo zasekhaya, abantu abazizigidi ezi-5.9 kwishishini lokutyela abaphangeli kwaye oku akubandakanyi abantu ababengekho Umrholo (okt, abasebenzi abangenamaphepha) nabo bonke abantu abagcwalise amabango ezibonelelo zokungaqeshwa ukusukela oko kwaqokelelwa phakathi ku-Epreli.

Abathengi bahlukanisiwe

Kutshanje ngo-Epreli 2020 ukhuseleko kwimivalo nakwiindawo zokutyela kuye kwancipha ngama-89 eepesenti kwilizwe lonke xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo (eCuebiq, inkampani yase-NY esekwe kubuchule bokuhamba ngokulandela umkhondo weenyawo zabathengi). Xa kuvulwa imivalo, abanye abathengi bebuya kwaye nge-7 kaJulayi, utyelelo kwilizwe lonke babuyela kwiipesenti ezingama-48 zonyaka ophelileyo. Ukutyelelwa kwimivalo naseNew Jersey kuye kwehla ngeepesenti ezingama-72 nangona imivalo e-Wyoming naseMntla Dakota ibuyele kumanqanaba angaphambi kobhubhane.

IiBhari. Ukwabelana okungaphezulu kokuFunekayo

Kubonakala ngathi kukho ikhonkco phakathi kwemivalo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwentsholongwane. UGerardo Chowell-Puente ugqirha wezifo kunye noprofesa webhayoloji kwiYunivesithi yaseGeorgia State wafumanisa ukuba imivalo inokubangela umngcipheko wokudlulisa ukogqitha ezinye iindawo zangaphakathi (okt, iivenkile zentengiso kunye neeholo zemidlalo bhanyabhanya) ngenxa yokunxibelelana phakathi kwabaxumi. Utywala bunokukhokelela kukungakhathalelwa kwezilumkiso kunye neenkqubo zokhuselo.

Ngaphandle kwenkxalabo yentsholongwane eyasasazeka kwiindawo ezivaliweyo ngowona mngcipheko mkhulu kwimivalo kuba abantu bakwezi ndawo ngaphandle kwemaski (ukusela, ukutya kunye nokuncokola) kunye nokuthetha / ukukhwaza kusasaza intsholongwane. Umndilili weminyaka yezigulana ezingeniswe ezibhedlele yehlile yangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50 (iipesenti ezingama-40). Kubonakala ngathi abantu abancinci abachanabeki kakhulu kuCovid 19; nangona kunjalo, abakhuselekanga ngokupheleleyo kwaye ngexa bengenazimpawu, basenokuba ngabaphethe intsholongwane kwaye bayichithe / babelane nabanye abanxibelelana nabo.

Kuvuliwe? Vala? Phinda uvule?

NgoJulayi 16, 2002, iRhuluneli yaseNew York, u-Mario Cuomo wakhupha imigaqo emitsha yemivalo neendawo zokutyela esithi abanako ukuhambisa utywala nakubani na ongayalelanga nokutya ukutya. Ukwabhengeza ukuba yonke inkonzo kwiindawo eziphezulu zeendawo zokuhlala kufuneka ibe yeyabantu abahleliyo abakwimitha ezi-6 bodwa okanye bohlulwe zizithintelo ezibonakalayo. Ngenxa yokuhamba emzimbeni, iivenkile zokutyela zisebenza ngamandla angaphantsi kwe-100 yepesenti kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide ukuguqula iitafile kwaye iiprotocol ezintsha zifuna ukuba abasebenzi baqeqeshwe kuyo yonke into ukusuka ekucoceni isitya ukuya ekuseleni ukhuseleko lweziselo.

Ngokuqinisekileyo intsha! Ngcono? Ingayiyo.

1. Ulwabiwo lwendawo (encinci) kunye nomoya ongenisa umoya (omkhulu) ngokuqinisekileyo uya kutshintsha uyilo lwerestyu kugxilwe ekuhlaleni okanye kungabikho zihlalo.

 

2. Ukucoca indawo yokungena komoya kuya kubaluleka kuyilo lweenjineli; Iitekhnoloji ezinje ngokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet-C, i-bi-polar ionization, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamasuntswana okucoca umoya kunye nobunye ubuchwephesha obutsha buya kufundwa ngefuthe labo kwangoko, ukufezekiswa kokufumaneka kunye nokusetyenziswa.

 

3. Ucoceko nococeko zizinto eziphambili. Iitekhnoloji ezintsha zilandelela ucoceko olungqongqo ngaphambili nangasemva kwendlu, kwaye ngelixa lenkqubo yokuhanjiswa.

 

4. Ukufikelela okukhulu kwiimveliso ezicocekileyo (ukosula, ukucoceka) kwiitafile nakwiindawo zoluntu.

 

5. Iziciko, iiglasi kunye neepleyiti ezicocwe ecaleni kwetafile (okanye zisiwe etafileni zipakishwe) ukuqinisekisa abathengi. Ukugqunywa ngaphezulu kweepleyiti zokutya kususwe ecaleni kwetafile.

 

6. Ukususwa kwetyuwa kunye nepepper shaker; kufakwe endaweni yeepakethe okanye kwimfuno.

 

7. Iiseva zibekwe ngasemva kweekhawuntari kwiindawo zokutyela ezibonelela nge-buffet okanye ngeebhari zesaladi.

 

8. Imali ityhalelwe kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma kuba imali inokuhambisa intsholongwane.

 

9. Ukutya kunye nokusela ii-odolo ezibekwe ngetekhnoloji yeselfowuni. Ukusuka kwimenyu yokukhangela kunye noku-odola kwintlawulo ekhawulezileyo, ii-smartphones zithatha indawo yoku-odola kunye nenkqubo yokuhlawula, kuthintela ukudlulisela amakhadi etyala kubasebenzi.

 

10. e-Iirisithi endaweni yeerisithi zamaphepha.

 

11. Iirobhothi zisetyenziswe kakhulu kolu shishino lwabasebenzi olunamandla; ekhitshini ukubulala iintsholongwane kwiindawo; ukuhambisa ukutya ezitafileni nakubathengi abakwiindawo ezikufutshane.

 

12. I-Robot baristas yenza i-cappuccinos-kwinqanaba le-100 ngeyure. Abathengi baodola ngeefowuni zabo ezifanelekileyo kwaye bafumane isicatshulwa xa isiselo silungile. Yonke intengiselwano ayinxibelelani kwaye akukho zindleko zabasebenzi.

 

13. Iirobhothi zithathe indawo yabasebenzi basekhitshini. Indawo yokutyela yaseKissaki ibonelela ngeerobhothi ezivelisa isushi. Omnye umatshini uvelisa amashiti erayisi, omnye wenza iibhola zerayisi ze-nigiri, kunye nowesithathu osika ii-rolls. Umatshini we-amki uvelisa amashiti erayisi ayi-1100 ngeyure.

 

14. I-office-automation ezenzekelayo ithatha indawo engasemva kwendlu yeenkonzo zokutyela ezikhawulezayo (i-QSR) kunye nokutya okuqhelekileyo kunye nokutya okuhle. Izikrini zevidiyo yasekhitshini ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuchaneka koku-odola.

 

15. Iziphumo ze-Covid 19 kunye nembono yokuba esi sifo sidluliselwe sisuka kwizilwanyana siye ebantwini ngokusebenzisa inyama, sidala imeko yenyama esekwe kwizityalo njengenye indlela esempilweni. Ukongeza, iivenkile zokutyela zinomdla wokongeza inyama ecocekileyo kwiimenyu zabo.

 

16. Uku-odola kwangaphambili ukutya kunye notywala okwenziwe ngefowuni okanye ezinye izixhobo ze-elektroniki.

 

17. Ukwehla kwebango lokutya okungaqhelekanga kunye nomdla ngakumbi kwimpahla evela kumafama asekhaya, ezokuloba kunye nabapheki bezobugcisa.

 

18. Amakhitshi omoya kunye / okanye amakhitshi aseburhulumenteni angaphandle kwesakhiwo aba yinto eqhelekileyo kubasebenzi beeyunithi ezininzi.

 

19. Amava abaThengi achazwe ngokutsha kwaye ukusebenza ngokukuko kuyonyuka ngokusebenzisa ukhetho lwee-mobile / kiosk, i-odolo / inkqubo yoku-odola / yokuthabatha usebenzisa ii-URL, iikhowudi ze-QR okanye iithegi ze-NFC.

 

20. Abathengi bakhuthazekile ukuba babuye kwaye bandise umndilili wokutshekisha iindwendwe ngeenkqubo zokunyaniseka kulula ukuzikhulula kwisixhobo esiphathwayo. Amashishini axhamla ngokufumana ukuqonda okuxabisekileyo kwindlela yokuziphatha kwabathengi ebenza bakwazi ukugxila kwinto esebenzayo ukukhulisa i-ROI kunye nokutyelela okukhuselekileyo.

 

21. Iiyunivesithi kunye neenkampani zobuchwephesha ziphuhlisa ii -apps zokujonga ukusasazeka kwezifo ezosulelayo eziluncedo kubaphathi nakubasebenzi.

Ubomi ngaphaya kweCovid 19

Abasebenzisi kuhlangulo

Ngexesha elizayo, iivenkile zokutyela ziya kusebenza ngepesenti ye-50 (okanye ngaphantsi). Zonke izitulo zixabisekile kwaye abathengi banendima ebalulekileyo ekufuneka bayidlale ekugcineni ishishini lokutyela lisebenza:

1. Ukuba uza kufika emva kwexesha, okanye kungabikho mboniso, thumela umyalezo maître d 'kwaye ubazise ngotshintsho.
2. Nciphisa ixesha olithathe ngalo kunye neendwendwe zakho etafileni.
3. Ingeniso yeendwendwe ibalulekile kwinzuzo esezantsi. Ukuba ugqibile isidlo sangokuhlwa kunye neziselo, bhatala itab (kunye nengcebiso yesisa) kwaye ushiye indawo yokutyela okanye uye ebharini okanye kwenye indawo.
4. Ngaphambi kokuba ugcine ixesha lokutya eliphambili kwindawo yokutyela, cinga ukuqala kwangoko okanye kamva-ngakumbi ukuba uyinxalenye yeqela elikhulu.
5. Hlamba izandla okanye usebenzise isicoci sanesi ngokukhawuleza xa ungena kwindawo yokutyela kwaye ungazisi izinto ezininzi (shiya ubhaka ekhaya). I-Clutter yenza kube nzima nangakumbi kubasebenzi bokutyela ukugcina indawo icocekile kunye nabathengi aba-6 iinyawo ngaphandle.
6. Qaphela indlela oziphethe ngayo. Kusenokuhenda ukutsiba umhlobo wakho okanye uhambe ngokungxama kwindawo yokutyela ukuze ubulise umntu; Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukuhlala phantsi ukuze abasebenzi abalindileyo bahambe ngokulula nangokukhawuleza kwigumbi lokutyela.
7. Yiba nomonde ngabasebenzi bokulinda. Iinkqubo ezintsha ziyenziwa kwaye ziyaphunyezwa kwaye ayizizo zonke iintshukumo eziya kusebenza ngokukuko njengoko zazinjalo "ngaphambili." Nika indawo yokutyela kunye nabasebenzi ikhefu kwaye ube nobubele nokuqonda njengoko bejongana nemiceli mngeni emitsha.

Yidla ngaphandle kwengozi yakho

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukutya kwindawo yokutyela akunabungozi. U-Eleanor J. Murray, i-ScD, uNjingalwazi oNcedisayo we-Epidemiology kwisikolo iYunivesithi yaseBoston yezeMpilo eMassachusetts, ucebisa ukuba abaxhasi bevenkile yokutyela baqwalasele ixesha elichithwe bengqongwe ngabanye abantu kunye nokusondela kwabo kuwe; ingaba uhleli / umi ngaphandle okanye ngaphakathi (umoya okanye indawo engenamoya); ukubaxinene kangakanani indawo ekungqongileyo kwaye ukuba abantu obungqongileyo ngabantu onxibelelana nabo njengesiqhelo.

Nokuba yeyiphi na amanyathelo okhuseleko irestyu, amanyathelo abo okhuseleko awuyi kuwususa umngcipheko. Kukulungele ukuhlala ngaphandle apho iitafile zisasazeka ubuncinci iinyawo ezi-6 okanye nangaphezulu kwaye iimaski zibekwe ngaphambi nasemva kokutya. Ugqirha Stephen Berger, ingcali ngezifo ezosulelayo kunye nomseki we-Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Network ucebisa ukuba kudliwe, "kwindawo enkulu, evulekileyo nomoya" ngaphandle - xa kunokwenzeka. Ukwacebisa ukuba ngaphambi kokuhlala phantsi - qiniseka ukuba abasebenzi banxibe iimaski kwaye iimaski zigquma iimpumlo nemilomo. Nditsho noGqirha Anthony Fauci, igqala lesifo, uyazilumkela iivenkile zokutyela, kwaye, kudliwanondlebe lwakutshanje lweMarket Watch wathi, "Andizukutyela ngoku." Kubantu abatyela ngaphandle ucebisa ngezihlalo zangaphandle ezibeke isithuba phakathi kweetafile.

Iinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo azizukuba lula kwiivenkile zokutyela okanye kubathengi.

© UGqirha Elinor Garely. Inqaku lelungelo lokushicilela, kubandakanya iifoto, alinakuphinda liveliswe ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo evela kumbhali.

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