I-Playa Grande, eCosta Rica – Ngobusuku obuzolileyo ngoFebruwari, xa amaqondo obushushu ebusika aye ehla ngaphantsi kwe-zero kuMntla Merika, amafudo olwandle e-leatherback alingana neenqwelo zegalufa akhwela kolu nxweme lwetropiki ukuze azalele amaqanda.
Ukanti ukuhambahamba nje kwesanti, kwidolophu ekhulayo yaseTamarindo, uphuhliso lokhenketho olubalekayo luguqula ulwandle lube ngumjelo ovulekileyo wamanzi amdaka.
Uvavanyo lomgangatho wamanzi olwenziwa liZiko lelizwe laManzi nogutyulo (AyA) kulo nyaka uphelileyo lufumanise ukungcoliseka kwelindle elingaphezulu kakhulu kwamanqanaba athathwa njengekhuselekile yi-United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Ukuphikisana okunjalo ngoku kuyinxalenye yobomi bemihla ngemihla apha, njengoko le ecohaven ubukhulu beWest Virginia isokola ukujongana nokhenketho kunye nophuhliso oluphindwe kathathu kumyinge wehlabathi.
UGadi Amit, inkokeli engadinwayo yeqela lamatshantliziyo lasekuhlaleni elibizwa ngokuba yiGuanacaste Brotherhood Association, uthi: “Wamkelekile eCosta Rica abakhuthazi abafuni nokuva.
Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, ulwakhiwo lweehotele, amakhaya esibini, kunye neendawo zokuhlala abantu baye banda kakhulu kwimimandla eselunxwemeni, kusetyenziswa ithuba lokucwangciswa nokunyanzelisa umthetho. Uwonke umhlaba oye walungiswa wakhula ngama-600 ekhulwini ngelo xesha, ngokutsho kwengxelo karhulumente.
Ngenxa yoko, izinto eziphilayo ekudala zitsala abakhenkethi ziyaphela, ngokutsho kwezazinzulu. Inani leenkawu nofudo liyehla, kwaye iziseko zophuhliso zitsala nzima.
Ngoku uthotho lweentlekele eziyothusayo zemekobume ziye zabangela ukuba urhulumente abanjwe kungquzulwano phakathi kwabatyali-zimali nabezendalo befuna ukukhusela ubuncwane bendalo.
UMnu. Amit uthi: “Le yinkqubo yokuhlawulela yonke into, kwaye iza ngokulahlekelwa luluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukuba kukho into engenziwanga kwakamsinyane … akusayi kubakho sizathu sokuba abakhenkethi beze apha.”
Ingxelo yaseCosta Rica ehlonitshwa kakhulu, engekhoyo yeSizwe yeSizwe yasasaza impahla emdaka yelizwe ngoNovemba odlulileyo, eyothusayo zombini kunye noluntu.
Ubalo lubonise ukuba i-97 pesenti yelindle laseCosta Rica liqukuqela lingena emilanjeni, kwimilambo, okanye elwandle lingacocwa, yaye inkunkuma engaphezu kweetoni ezingama-300,000 2006 yashiywa ingaqokelelwa ezitratweni ngowama-20. kwilizwe apho kangangeemitha ezingama-XNUMX zemvula enetha ngonyaka.
Ngaphandle kwesiphithiphithi, ngaphantsi kwekota yeedolophu ezigudle unxweme zinezicwangciso zomiselo lokulinganisa uphuhliso lokhenketho kunye nemithombo yendalo kunye neenkonzo zikarhulumente ezifana nokucocwa kwelindle kunye nonikezelo lwamanzi lukawonke-wonke.
Ababhali bale ngxelo bagqibe kwelokuba urhulumente “akazange azibophelele ngokucacileyo kwezopolitiko” ekunciphiseni ifuthe lemekobume, nokuba abatyali-mali “babengenamdla.”
Ukunyanzeliswa kwengxoxo ngemiba kuye kwaba yintetho yentshukumo yelizwe ekhulayo yokusingqongileyo. Amatshantliziyo asekuhlaleni ayaququzelela, afaka amatyala, efuna imiqathango yophuhliso, kwaye anyanzelisa ilungelo lawo elikumgaqo-siseko “kwimekobume esempilweni.”
Kunyaka ophelileyo, iingxelo ezininzi ezothusayo zaqinisekisa uloyiko lwabo.
Ngokutsho kwengxelo yakutshanje yeqela lezazinzulu ngezilwanyana zasendle, inani leenkawu, elibonisa amahlathi ashinyeneyo nelinomtsalane kubakhenkethi, liye lehla ngomlinganiselo wama-50 ekhulwini kwisithuba esingaphezu nje kweminyaka elishumi.
Kwiphondo elikumntla-ntshona weGuanacaste, iihotele zodidi oluphezulu kunye neendawo zokuhlala zazikade zingaziwa. Kodwa kunxweme oluchumayo, olusandul’ ukuthanjiswa njengeGold Coast, iindawo zokulala ezinjalo ziqhelekile ngoku.
Olu phuhliso lunabileyo, kunye nengca ehonjiswe kakuhle kunye namabala egalufa, avelisa i-soupy, enesondlo esityebileyo esityhutyhayo esondla i-caulerpa sertularioides, uhlobo olundlongondlongo lwe-algae ebhubhisa iingqaqa zekorale kwiGulf of Papagayo.
Isazi ngebhayoloji yaselwandle uCindy Fernández, owachitha iminyaka ebhala lo monakalo uthi: “Le yintlekele yendalo.
Iimfudo zaselwandle, enye into ethandwa ngabakhenkethi, nazo zisongelwa. Izazinzulu zithi inani labemi bezilwanyana zasePasifiki ezisengozini yokuphela liye lehla ngama-97 ekhulwini kwiminyaka engama-20. Ngelixa izoyikiso ze-leatherbacks ezijongene nazo ukusuka ekulobeni ukuya ekufudumaleni kwehlabathi, izazinzulu ezininzi zikholelwa ukuba uphuhliso, ngakumbi kumanxweme aseCosta Rica, inokuba liququ lokugqibela.
Urhulumente uye wacotha ukuxhasa ufudo.
“Wonke umntu udiniwe,” utsho uFrank Paladino, isazi ngebhayoloji nosekela mongameli weThe Leatherback Trust, umbutho ongenzi ngeniso ozinze eNew Jersey onyuse izigidi zeerandi ukukhusela ofudo. Eli qela, linxunguphele kwaye liziva uxinzelelo oluvela kubaxhasi, kutsha nje laphule isivumelwano ekudala likho nesebe lezendalo kweli lizwe. “Asinakuqhubeka silindele ukuba urhulumente waseCosta Rica enze into elungileyo,” utshilo uGqr. Paladino.
Isisombululo, siyavumelana noninzi lwamatsha ntliziyo kunye neenzululwazi, kucwangciso olungcono kunye nokhuseleko olungqongqo lwendalo esingqongileyo.
UJorge Lobo, unjingalwazi weYunivesithi yaseCosta Rica uthi: “Asiceli ukuba siphelise lonke uphuhliso. "Eyona nto siyifunayo kukuthatha ikhefu, ukuze oomasipala bethu baselunxwemeni bakwazi ukuphefumla, babeke izicwangciso zezowuni kunye nemithetho endaweni, emva koko siqalise, kodwa ngesantya esizinzileyo." Unjingalwazi uLobo ukhokele intlawulo yokunqunyanyiswa kophuhliso kwimimandla ebuthathaka ye-Osa Peninsula, ummandla oososayensi abathi uqhayisa nge-2.5 ekhulwini yeentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zehlabathi.
Ukusasazwa koonondaba basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe kunokucinezela ilizwe ukuba lijike.
Izikhokelo zokuhamba, kubandakanywa uchungechunge lwe "Lonely Planet", lukhokele indlela. Olona hlelo lwamva nje lulumkisa ngelithi: “Ukuba nabani na ofunda oku ucinga ukuba iCosta Rica yiparadesi ekhoyo apho ulondolozo lwendalo luhlala lusebandleni kuneenzuzo zongxowankulu ..., zifundise….”
Kodwa uMichael Kaye, utyando lwaseNew York othathwa ngokubanzi njengovulindlela kushishino lwelizwe lokhenketho, uthi abakhenkethi ngokwabo abatyhalanga ngokwaneleyo.
"I-Ecotourism yinto yeendaba," utshilo uMnu. Kaye. “Abantu abazimisele ngokwenene ukuncama intuthuzelo ngenxa yokuzinza bambalwa. Oko kuya kufuneka kutshintshe. ”
Izithintelo ezibekwe ecaleni, abakhuthazi abafana noKaye, kwanabaninzi abachasayo, bayavuma ukuba iCosta Rica ihleli amashumi eminyaka ngaphambi kwabamelwane bayo. Ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-26 zommandla wayo welizwe uphantsi komgangatho okhuselweyo, i-80 yeepesenti yamandla ayo aveliswa kwimithombo ehlaziyiweyo efana nomoya kunye nombane wamanzi, kwaye ilizwe likhula imithi emininzi kunokuba ligawule - i-anomaly kuMbindi weMelika ohluphekileyo.
Ubuncwane bemvelo baseCosta Rica buncomeka ngokufanayo, ngeentlobo zayo zezityalo ezili-11,450 67,000, iindidi zezinambuzane ezingama-850 XNUMX, iindidi zeentaka ezingama-XNUMX, nezityalo, izilwanyana neendawo ezihlala kuzo eziphilayo ezixinene kakhulu kulo naliphi na ilizwe laseMerika.
Kutshanje, urhulumente, ebona ukungxamiseka kwale meko, ubonakala ekulungele ukuphulaphula.
NgoJanuwari, uMphathiswa wezeMpilo wavala i-Occidental Allegro Papagayo, enye yeendawo zokuchithela iiholide ezinkulu zelizwe, xa abahloli bafumanisa imibhobho yokupompa ilindle kwi-estuary ekufutshane.
Iziko likarhulumente laManzi kunye neSewer Institute liye lanyuka ngokulandelayo, larhoxisa “iiflegi eziluhlaza zendalo” kwiilwandle ezisixhenxe, kubandakanywa nezo ziphambi kweedolophu ezidumileyo zabakhenkethi zaseDominical naseTamarindo kwiPasifiki, kunye nePuerto Viejo, kwiCaribbean, ikhankanya ukungcoliseka kwamandle elwandle. amanzi.
Kwaye nge-9 ka-Epreli, abalawuli baseCosta Rican bakhuphe umthetho wexeshana othintela ukuphakama kwesakhiwo kunye noxinaniso kunxweme olukumantla ntshona wePasifiki, owona mmandla uphuhlayo welizwe, kwaye ngempazamo, ngaphandle kwezicwangciso zocando.
“Izinto ziya kuba mbi ngakumbi ngaphambi kokuba zibe ngcono. Khumbula ukuba, eUnited States, imilambo yayisitsha kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo,” itsho njalo inkokeli ye-ecoindustry uKaye. “Senza inkqubela.”
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