Iinqwelomoya zabucala zase China zenze ukhuphiswano lwezithuthi ezilawulwa ngurhulumente, kanye njengoko urhulumente wayefuna. Ngoku, ngabo abaphethwe yiyo.
I-United Eagle Airlines Co., umthwali wokuqala wabucala ukuphumelela imvume kurhulumente, uvumile ukuthatyathwa yinqwelomoya elawulwa ngurhulumente kwiveki ephelileyo. I-East Star Airlines nayo yamisa iinqwelomoya kwiintsuku ezimbini emva kokulandula isicelo esivela kumzali ophantsi kukarhulumente we-Air China Ltd. Ukusukela ngoDisemba, i-Okay Airways yamisa iinqwelomoya zabakhweli ixesha elingaphezu kwenyanga ngenxa yengxabano yolawulo.
Iinkampani zeenqwelomoya zabucala “azisesiso isisongelo,” watsho uZhou Chi, usihlalo weShanghai Airlines Co elawulwa ngurhulumente. “Bonke basengxakini ngokwabo.”
Abathwali babucala baseTshayina abamalunga nama-20 baye bakhubeka kuqoqosho olupholileyo, ukucotha kwemfuno kunye nokunyuka kwamandla. Abakhange bafumane ncedo lukarhulumente. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-China Southern Airlines Co., elona lizwe liphethe inqwelomoya, kunye namanye amaqela eenqwelomoya alawulwa ngurhulumente aphumelele ibheyile engaphezulu kwe-13 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni (i-1.9 yeebhiliyoni zeedola) ukubanceda banyamezele ukucotha.
“Iinqwelomoya zabucala azinakuze zifumane unyango olufanayo kurhulumente njengabakhuphisana nabo,” utshilo uLi Lei, umhlalutyi we-China Securities Co. eBeijing. Ukuba abakwazi kuboyisa bonke obu bunzima bebodwa, kufuneka batshone ngemali okanye bavume ukuzuzwa.
Ixabiso leYuan eli-1
I-Chengdu-based United Eagle kunye ne-East Star zombini zaqala iinkonzo kwi-2005, unyaka apho i-China yaqala ukuvumela iinqwelomoya zasekhaya zabucala. Urhulumente uthathe amanyathelo okuchasa oko wakubiza ngokuba "yintengiso yomthengisi." Ukuqaliswa kweenqwelo-moya zabucala, ngoku ezithatha malunga ne-10 ekhulwini lezithuthi, kwanceda ukukhula ngesantya kwimarike enkulu yokuhamba emoyeni yaseAsia, njengoko bongeza iindlela ezintsha kwaye banikezela ngeentlawulo eziphantsi njenge-yuan eyi-1 (iisenti ezili-15).
“Iinqwelo-moya zabucala zophule ukubekwa kwamaxabiso okulawule imarike kangangamashumi eminyaka,” utshilo uMa Ying, umhlalutyi eHaitong Securities Co. eShanghai. "Ukuba abathwali babucala bayasilela, iinqwelomoya zombuso zinokubuyela kumaxabiso aphezulu."
Abathwali bakarhulumente sele bexhamlile kwiingxaki zeenqwelomoya zabucala njengoko incede ukucotha ukucotha kwabasebenzi, utshilo uZhou weShanghai Air.
“Akukho namnye kubo onokukwazi ukuphinda athathe abaqhubi bethu,” wongeze watsho. Ukuqeshwa kweenqwelomoya zabucala "kuthintele ukwanda kwethu, kodwa kongeze ubunzima babo bezemali."
Iimali zeBheyile zikaRhulumente
Iinqwelomoya zaseTshayina zitsala nzima emva kokuba uhambo lukhule ngesantya esicothayo kwiminyaka emihlanu ngo-2008 kwaye ishishini libike irekhodi lelahleko yeebhiliyoni ezingama-28. Urhulumente uphendule ngokunika i-3 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan kwi-China Southern kunye ne-9 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan kumzali we-China Eastern Airlines Corp., i-Carrier yesizwe ye-3. Umzali we-Air China naye ulindele ukukhutshwa kwe-yuan yeebhiliyoni ezi-3. Umzali weShanghai Air kunye neHainan Airlines Co. baphumelele imali koorhulumente basekhaya.
Umlawuli wezophapho naye uya kuvala ukhuphiswano kwiindlela ezintsha iminyaka emithathu ukunceda abathwali bezithuthi ukwandisa uthungelwano lwabo. Ukhuseleko luya kugubungela iindlela ezongeziweyo phakathi kwe-29 kaMatshi kunye ne-Oct. Ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-24 zeendlela ezibandakanyiweyo kwisicwangciso ziza kusetyenziswa ngabathuthi bakarhulumente.
Abathwali babucala baxhamle kwiintshukumo zokuvuselela imfuno yoshishino ngokubanzi kuquka ukuthotywa kwerhafu kunye namaxabiso aphantsi amafutha. Nangona kunjalo, baphumelele kuphela inkxaso ethe ngqo kwimbuyekezo yolawulo lwe-ceding. I-Eagle yase-United, esebenza ngeenqwelo-moya ezintlanu, ithengise i-200 yezigidi ze-yuan kwi-Sichuan Airlines elawulwa ngurhulumente ngenxa yelahleko kunye namatyala, yatsho kwingxelo. Isivumelwano sinyuse iSichuan Air ibamba ipesenti ezingama-76 ukusuka kuma-20 epesenti.
“Inaliti enkulu iya kusenza ukuba sizalwe kwakhona,” utshilo uKhozi oluManyeneyo. I-Sichuan Air iya kunyula usihlalo omtsha kunye nomongameli, yongeza.
East Star Grounding
I-East Star ibhengeze ukukhatywa kwayo kwi-bid evela kwi-China National Aviation Holding Co., umzali we-Air China, kwingxelo ye-13 kaMatshi, ekhankanya iifilosofi zolawulo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu beSizwe saseChina. Inqwelomoya, ese-Wuhan, yamisa iinqwelomoya zayo ezisithoba nge-15 kaMatshi ngokwesicelo sikarhulumente wesixeko, ngokwengxelo ekwiwebhusayithi yomlawuli wenqwelomoya.
Ilizwe laseTshayina ngoku liza kuphuhlisa i-Wuhan ibe liziko lamazwe ngamazwe ngokubambisana nephondo lase-Hubei, ngokutsho kwesibhengezo sewebhusayithi karhulumente wephondo. Isithethi se-East Star u-Wang Yankun akafumanekanga ukwenza izimvo kwiveki ephelileyo.
Umoya waseNtwasahlobo
Sekunjalo, abanye abathwali babucala bayakhula kwaye bayaluphepha ulawulo lukarhulumente. I-Spring Air, eyona nto inkulu yabucala yaseTshayina ngokobukhulu benqanawa, ichithe i-yuan yezigidi ezili-100 iqesha abaqhubi beenqwelomoya abangaphezu kwama-30 ekupheleni konyaka ophelileyo, utshilo uSihlalo uWang Zhenghua. Iceba ukugaya abantu abaninzi kulo nyaka, wongeze watsho.
“Iinaliti ezinkulu zabathwali bakarhulumente ziye zayishukumisa imarike,” utshilo uWang. "Sekunjalo, asinaxhala kakhulu malunga nokusebenza kwethu okwangoku."
Umthwali, kunye neenqwelomoya ezili-12 kunye nomlinganiselo wetyala-kwi-asethi malunga neepesenti ezingama-50, uzimisele ukuthabatha ukuhanjiswa kwe-16 Airbus SAS A320s kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemine ezayo. Iya kuhlawula inqwelomoya isebenzisa iimali-mboleko zeebhanki, ibeke izicwangciso zokuthengiswa kwesabelo ngenxa yeemarike zemasheya, utshilo uWang. Akukho nanye kwiinqwelomoya ezintandathu ezidweliswe eShanghai elawulwa ngasese.
Andizukumelana noncedo lwemali oluvela kurhulumente, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo asizukujikwa sibe ngabathwali bakarhulumente,” utshilo uWang.
I-Okay Air esekwe eBeijing, ephinde yaqalisa iinqwelomoya zabakhweli ngoJanuwari, icinga ngokufuna abatyali-zimali abatsha babucala ukonyusa imali, utshilo uSihlalo uWang Junjin.
Kulungile, esebenza iinqwelomoya ze-11, kubandakanywa nabathuthi abahamba ngeenqwelo ze-FedEx Corp., banokubuyela kwinzuzo kulo nyaka, u-Wang uthe. UJuneyao Airlines Co., inkampani esebenzisana ne-Shanghai esekwe, ikwaqesha abasebenzi kwaye iceba ukongeza ezintathu okanye ezine ze-Airbus SAS A320s kwiinqwelo zayo zeenqwelomoya ezili-10 kulo nyaka, wongeze watsho.
“Kukuwe ukuba ufuna imali kurhulumente okanye uhlale uzimele,” utshilo uWang. "Ukuba ulenza kakuhle ishishini, awuzukwenziwa ilizwe."
