Khuphela i-15 epheleleyoth Ingxelo yoNyaka yoThutho loMoya ye-2019 yeQela leBhanki yeHlabathi (i-WBG) igqityiwe ngombono we-2020 ithathela ingqalelo i-COVID 2019 kweli nqaku. Ngumsebenzi onomdla ngenxa yotshintsho olukhulu kwimakethi yokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ngenxa ye-COVID-19 kunye nembonakalo etshintshileyo yowama-2020.
Uthutho lomoya lube sisiseko sezothutho sehlabathi, esidlala indima ebalulekileyo
uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho kuzo zonke iimarike. Akuzange ngaphambili uqoqosho ngokubanzi luxhamle kwi
uthungelwano lwehlabathi kwimixokelelwane yonikezelo ngeendlela ezininzi, evumela uninzi ukuba luphuhle kwaye luvele
amazwe ukuba axhamle ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwimveliso, urhwebo okanye ukhenketho. Iimakethi zivuliwe,
kunye nenkululeko kwezorhwebo kunye neenkonzo ixhase ukwanda kweshishini leenqwelo moya kwihlabathi.
Kananjalo, ukuthuthwa komoya kwafumana ithuba lokugqibela lokukhula okuphezulu, ngakumbi kwi
Iimarike ezisakhulayo apho abahambi abaninzi bakhwela inqwelomoya okokuqala.
Nangona kunjalo, ukukhula kwezithuthi zabantu sele kuqalile ukwehla. Ngo-2019, iimfuno zabahambi ngenqwelomoya
Ikhule i-4.2%, eyayingaphantsi kwezinga lokukhula kwexesha elide malunga ne-5.5%. Yayiyeyona ibuthathaka
Inani lokonyuka komkhweli-khilomitha (RPK) ukukhula ukusukela ngo-2009, kunye nokwehla ukusuka kwi-7.3% kwi
2018. Nangona kunjalo, ikudlulise kakhulu ukukhula kwe-GDP yehlabathi, okuphawuleka njengomoya
Ezothutho zilandela ngokukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi. Umkhweli wenqwelomoya
inyuke nge-3.4% kwi-2019, ekhokelele ekunyukeni komthwalo nge-0.7% ukuya kwirekhodi elitsha eliphezulu
ye-82.6%. Ngokwengingqi, amaqondo okukhula omeleleyo abonwa e-Afrika nase-Asia-Pacific nge-4.9%
kunye ne-4.8% ngokwahlukeneyo, ngelixa iYurophu neLatin America zombini zinamazinga okukhula nge-4.2% kunye
Intshona Melika yayi-4.1%. UMbindi Mpuma wabona ukukhula kwe-2.4% kuphela.
Cofa apha to Khuphela iphepha lama-90 leBhanki yeHlabathi njengePDF
Owona mmandla womeleleyo, ngokwemiqathango yokusebenza kwemali yeenqwelo moya zawo, yayinguMntla Melika, apho
Inzala emva kwirhafu yayiyeyona iphakamileyo kwi-USD16.5 yezigidigidi. Oku kubonisa inzuzo epheleleyo ye-USD16.0
umkhweli ngamnye, osondele kabini kwinqanaba leminyaka emithandathu ngaphambili. Imida ye-Net yayiqikelelwa
nge-6.0% ye-2020, emele ukwehla kancinci ukusuka kumanqanaba e-2019 asusela ekwehleni
isivuno ngokukhula kwamandla. E-Yurophu, izinto ezilahlekileyo zomthwalo zihlala ziphezulu kakhulu kuma-70.4%. Oku
kubangelwe zizivuno eziphantsi ngenxa yokuthengisa kukhuphiswano oluvulekileyo lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kunye nolawulo oluphezulu
iindleko. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeendleko eziphantsi zepetroli kunye nokucinywa kweendlela zokukhulisa ezinye ezikhokelayo
abathwali, iingeniso ezipheleleyo ziqikelelwa ukuba ziyi-USD7.9 yezigidigidi ngo-2020, emele i-USD 6.4 nganye
umkhweli kunye nomda we-3.6%.
Iinqwelo-moya eAsia-Pacific zabandezeleka ngenxa yobuthathaka kurhwebo lwehlabathi kunye nemithwalo. Ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kurhwebo lwehlabathi bekulindelwe i-2020, eya kuthi yaphucula inzuzo kwingingqi.
Umyinge wenzuzo ngomkhweli ngamnye kulindeleke ukuba unyuke uye kwi-USD3.3 kwaye inzuzo iyonke inyuke
Ukuya kwi-USD6.0 yezigidigidi ngomgama opheleleyo we-2.2% Iindiza zeenqwelo moya zaseMpuma Mpuma bezikwinkqubo yohlengahlengiso, nezikhokelele ekwehliseni ukukhula kwamandla. Iinqwelomoya zase Middle East
Ilahleko ngo-2019 yafikelela kwi-USD1.5 yezigidigidi, kodwa ukwehliselwa kwi-USD 1 yezigidigidi kwakulindelwe
Iinqwelomoya zaseLatin American zazisendleleni yokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kodwa zisalahleka i-USD 2020 yezigidi kwi
U-2019. Nangona kunjalo, uphuculo lwenziwe, kwaye iinqwelomoya kwiLatin America zazilindele
Inzuzo encinci ye-USD100 yezigidi kwi-2020. I-Afrika, ekugqibeleni, yahlala njengakwiminyaka emi-5 edlulileyo
Ingingqi ebuthathaka kakhulu ngokwenzuzo yenqwelo moya. Emva kokuphulukana ne-USD400 yezigidi kwi-2018, ukusebenza kwezithuthi zaseAfrika kuphuculwe kancinci kuphela. Ngokomndilili, abathwali baseAfrika baqhubekile nokuhlupheka ngenxa yomthwalo ophantsi kakhulu kwi-2019, eyayilindelwe ukuba iphucule kancinci ukuya kwi-58.8% kwi-2020.
Uqikelelo lweshishini lwe-2020, ekhutshwe ngasekupheleni kuka-2019, kulindeleke ukuba luphuculo ngokubanzi
kuhlumo lwezoqoqosho kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2020 kunye namaxabiso ezinzileyo amafutha. Oku kufanele ukuba kube neziphumo
Ukukhula kwe-4.1% ye-RPK kwihlabathi liphela, kunye nokuphuculwa okuncinci kokusebenza kwemali yeenqwelomoya ukuya
Inzuzo epheleleyo ye-USD29.3 yezigidigidi ngomda osebenzayo we-5.5%.
Nangona kunjalo, umhlaba ongalindelekanga uninzi lweenqwelomoya zeenqwelomoya kwihlabathi kwangoko nge-2020 ngenxa yokuqhambuka
bhubhane lwe-COVID-19, oluya kuba nefuthe elibi kuqoqosho lwehlabathi, ngokupheleleyo
watshintsha imbono. Ngexesha lokulungiselela le ngxelo, i-GDP yomhlaba bekulindelwe ukuba ingene nge-5.0% ngo-2020, njengoko i-COVID izakuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kurhwebo lwamanye amazwe (i-13% yehle). Kuqikelelwa ukuba ingeniso yehlabathi kushishino lwenqwelomoya iya kuncipha ngama-50.4%
ngo-2020, eya kuthi ikhokelele kowona nyaka mbi kwimbali yeenqwelomoya kunye nelahleko yemali eyi-USD84.3 yezigidigidi
Ushicilelo lwe-15th lweNgxelo ye-Bhanki yeHlabathi yeBhanki yeHlabathi (i-WBG) yeNgxelo yoNyaka yoThutho loMoya, epapashwa ngokulibaziseka kweenyanga ezintathu ngenxa ye-COVID-19, ishwankathela inkxaso enikwa amazwe asahlumayo nasaphuhlayo kuphuhliso lwezothutho lomoya. Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa iiprojekthi ezininzi zangoku okanye ezicwangcisiweyo ziqhubeka ukwenziwa, uninzi lwamazwe abaxumi be-WBG bajongene nemiceli mngeni engazange ibonwe kwinyani entsha yoqoqosho. Kwiimarike ezininzi apho uthutho lomoya
idlale indima ebalulekileyo kurhwebo nokhenketho, ukubuyiselwa okuzinzileyo kweenkonzo zomoya kwaba yinto ephambili yesizwe. I-WBG iphendula ngenkxaso kumazwe abaxhasi ngokubambelela kwimithetho-siseko edlulileyo yokuququzelela uphuhliso lweenkonzo ezikhuselekileyo, ezizinzileyo nezifikelelekayo zothutho lomoya. Ukulungiselela le nto, oko kubizwa ngokuba yi "Cascade Approach" iyaqhubeka nokusetyenziswa, ejolise kumazwe
ukwandisa izixhobo zophuhliso ngokutsala imali yabucala kunye nezisombululo zecandelo labucala ezizinzileyo. Kananjalo, i-WBG ibonelela ngezemali kuphela kwezo ndawo apho ukubandakanyeka kwecandelo labucala kungalunganga okanye kungafumaneki
INgxelo yoNyaka yoThutho loMoya ishwankathela ipotifoliyo yangoku yendlela yothutho lomoya kwiWBG kwaye iphakamisa ezinye zeeprojekthi ngokweenkcukacha. Ngenxa yokuba kungakhange kuqalwe iiprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso, ipotfoliyo iyonke iyaqhubeka, njengoko bekulindelekile, ukwehla malunga neepesenti ezintlanu ukuya kwi-USD 5 yezigidi. Nangona kunjalo, unikwe ukuba iiprojekthi ezininzi zilungiselela eCaribbean nasePacific, kwaye unikwe imfuno enamandla yoncedo lobuchwephesha, i
Ipotifoliyo kulindeleke ukuba inyuke kwakhona kule minyaka izayo.
Kwezi, ngakumbi kwicandelo lezothutho lomoya, amaxesha acela umngeni, iQela leBhanki yeHlabathi lihlala libandakanyeka ngokubonakalayo kwihlabathi liphela ukuxhasa uphuhliso lwalo ngokujongana nomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nommiselo, ukhuseleko, ukulungiswa kweziseko zophuhliso, ukomeleza amaziko, kunye nokwakha amandla kumazwe abaxumi.
Sijonge ukuqhubeka nokujongana nemiceli mngeni emitsha kunye namathuba ecandelo kwi-2020 ngenjongo yokunceda ukufezekisa ukuthuthwa komoya okukhuselekileyo, okufikelelekayo kunye nokuzinzileyo kwabo bonke.
Cofa apha to Khuphela iphepha lama-90 leBhanki yeHlabathi njengePDF
INTO ONOKUYITHATHA KWELI NQAKU:
- Ngumsebenzi onika umdla ngenxa yotshintsho olukhulu kwimarike yezophapho ngenxa ye-COVID-19 kunye nenkangeleko etshintshileyo ka-2020.
- Iinkampani zeenqwelo moya zaseMbindi Mpuma bezikwinkqubo yohlengahlengiso, nto leyo ekhokelele ekucuthekeni kokukhula komthamo.
- Ngokomyinge, abathwali base-Afrika baqhubekile nokubandezeleka ngenxa yomthwalo ophantsi kakhulu ngo-2019, ekulindeleke ukuba iphucuke kancinci ukuya kuma-58.
