Musa ukuqhathwa.
Ukutshona, ukudityaniswa kunye nokudityaniswa kweenqwelomoya ezinkulu kuya kuxabisa abakhweli imali eninzi kwaye kwenze uhambo lube liphupha elibi kakhulu kunokuba sele linjalo.
Yi-Economics 101: Ukukhuphisana okuncinci kuthetha amaxabiso aphezulu, ukuhla kwenkonzo yabathengi, iinqwelomoya ezixineneyo, kunye nokuphazamiseka okumandla kwimeko yeengxabano zabasebenzi okanye imiba yokulondolozwa.
Kwezi veki zimbalwa zidlulileyo, ooyeha beenqwelo moya bebaninzi. Abakhweli abangama-300,000 baye barhoxiswa iinqwelomoya zabo.
Le veki ibe yiveki ephindwe kabini kuluntu.
Ngaphezulu kwe-4,000 yeenqwelomoya ziye zarhoxiswa ngenxa yeengxaki zokulungiswa kunye nenani leenqwelomoya ezincinci zexabiso eliphantsi ziye zaphuma kwishishini okanye zatshona: Oasis, Skybus, ATA, Aloha, MAXjet, kunye Frontier.
Ngenxa yoko, ukhuphiswano kwizixeko ezininzi luya kuphela kwaye kuya kubakho uxinzelelo olungakumbi kubakhweli beenqwelo-moya esele bekho ngenxa yokugcwala kweenqwelo-moya namaxabiso aphezulu. Kwaye ngomthamo omkhulu abawusebenzisayo eWashington, bahlala befumana oko bakufunayo.
Akukho mntu ungcolisa iinqwelomoya ezinkulu eDC. Abavumelekanga ukuba basilele. Xa omnye wabo engena engxakini, "baphinda bahlengahlengise" kwaye, ngeemali mboleko ezinkulu ezivela kwiCongress, baqhubeke njengangaphambili.
Akukho sikhululo sinjalo sisebenza kwiinkampani zeenqwelomoya ezincinci ezinamaxabiso aphantsi.
I-US iya kwi-cartel yeenqwelo-moya ezimbini okanye ezintathu, eziza kuphelisa ngokucwangcisiweyo bonke abathwali bexabiso eliphantsi eliseleyo - i-Southwest, i-America West, i-Air Tran, i-Jet Blue kunye nabanye - ivula indlela yokunyuka kwexabiso leenkwenkwezi.
Xa iinqwelomoya ezinkulu zisusa ukhuphiswano kwisixeko esithile, amaxabiso aphezulu. Ingxelo eyakhutshwa kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo liSebe lezoThutho yafumanisa ukuba kwii-hubs ezilawulwayo, abakhweli abazizigidi ezingama-24.7 bahlawule, ngokwe-avareji, i-41% ngaphezulu koogxa babo kwiimarike ezinokhuphiswano lwexabiso eliphantsi. Oku kuxhasa uPhononongo lweeNgxelo zoMthengi wamatikiti athintelweyo azizigidi ezingama-42 athengiswe ngo-1999, abonisa abakhweli bezolonwabo behlawula i-10% ngaphezulu kwiinqwelomoya zohambo lokuya nokubuya okungenani iimayile ezili-1600 ukusuka kwiidolophu ezinqatyisiweyo.
Siyazi ukuba ikamva liya kuba njani.
Kwangoku, xa inkampani enye ilawula imarike, amaxabiso ayenyuka. Abaphathi bohambo kunye noluntu oluhambahambayo abanawo amandla okuxoxisana, iinqwelomoya zihlala zigcwele, kwaye inkonzo iyawohloka. Umzekelo, kuphononongo lweyunivesithi olwenziwa kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, "indawo yenqaba" elawulwa yiNorthwest Airlines eMinneapolis ixabisa abakhweli imali eyongezelelekileyo yeedola ezingama-456 ezigidi ngonyaka, ngaphaya komndilili weendleko zenqwelomoya ezithelekisekayo kwiindawo ezingezizo iindawo. (Amanani namhlanje mhlawumbi aphindwe kabini.)
Ngoba? UMntla-ntshona ulawula i-80% yeenqwelomoya ezisuka eMinneapolis. USeverin Borenstein kwiDyunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eDavis, uqikelele ukuba ixabiso eliphakathi letikiti laseMntla-ntshona ukusuka kwindawo elawulwa ngumntu wonke lalingama-38% ngaphezulu komndilili welizwe kwiinqwelomoya ezinokuthelekiswa.
Iingcali zezoqoqosho ziyibiza ngokuba yi "Fortress Hub Premium". Abagibeli ababhabha besuka kwezinye iindawo ezinqatyisiweyo (ePittsburgh, ePhiladelphia, eMiami, eDenver, eHouston, eDallas, eDetroit, eSt. Louis, eAtlanta, eMemphis, ePhoenix) sele behlawula le ntlawulo igqithisileyo.
Ukuba ukudityaniswa okucetywayo kudlula, ngenxa yokunyamalala kwezinye iinqwelomoya, abakhweli ababhabha bephuma kuzo zonke ezinye izixeko kwilizwe liphela baya kuhlawula ngaphezulu.
IMelika, iUnited, kunye neDelta zinjengabantwana abahamba emva kodonga lwebala lokudlala baze bazahlulele amabhastile. Ngaphandle kokhuphiswano lweendleko eziphantsi, izigebenga zeenqwelomoya ziya kubamba uluntu oluhambahambayo.
Indlela esebenza ngayo yayibhalwe kakuhle kwiSebe lezoBulungisa lokungathembeki ngokuchasene neAmerican Airlines kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo. Amagosa ase-Federal ahlawulise ukuba i-American isebenzise ukudibanisa kwamaxabiso aphantsi, ukufumaneka ngokubanzi kwezihlalo eziphantsi, kunye nokongeza iinqwelomoya zokunyanzelisa iinqwelo-moya ezininzi eziphantsi-iVanguard, i-Western Pacific, kunye ne-Sunjet - ukuphelisa okanye ukunciphisa inkonzo kwimarike yaseDallas. Nje ukuba iinqwelomoya ezincinci zikhutshwe, iMelika yarhoxisa iinqwelomoya kwaye yanyusa amaxabiso, ababekhululekile ukuba bayenze, ngokungohlwaywa, benikwa isikhundla sabo sodwa.
Olu hlobo lokuziphatha kakubi kungenxa yokuba iinqwelomoya ezintsha zinexesha elinzima kangaka lokungena emarikeni. Kwaye sisizathu esifanayo sokuba kutheni uMzantsi-ntshona kunye neJetBlue zihlala zibhabha ukusuka kwizixeko ezincinci okanye phantsi kwezikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezinikwa iinkonzo: abafuni kukhuphisana ngqo neenqwelomoya ezinkulu.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba kubenjalo.
EYurophu, uninzi lweenqwelomoya ezintsha ezinexabiso eliphantsi ziye zaphumelela. I-Ryan Air, i-easyJet, i-AirBerlin, i-BMI, i-WizzAir, i-Blue Air, i-Norwegian Air Shuttle, kunye ne-German Wings zibonelela ngamaxabiso aphantsi kakhulu kubakhenkethi bezolonwabo (umzekelo, i-London ukuya e-Cologne: i-Euro enye).
Kodwa ngokwasengqondweni, izinto azikho mhle kangako.
Nangona iSivumelwano esitsha se-Open Skies, esivumela ukufikelela okwandisiweyo kwizixeko zaseMelika kwiinqwelomoya zangaphandle, sinesithembiso esithile seenqwelomoya zamazwe ngamazwe, lincinci ithemba leenqwelomoya zasekhaya. Iinkampani zeenqwelo moya sele zihlawulisa amaxabiso afanayo ngokubonisa ngokufihlakeleyo ikhomputha. Ukuphela kwexabiso lokukhululeka kwabakhweli kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo livela kubathuthi abaqalwayo abancinci njenge …Southwest, Airbus, Frontier…. kunye nezinga le-USAir lehlile kwiinzame zabo zokukhuphisana neebhemoth. Olu khuphiswano lugcine amaxabiso ephantsi kunye nenkonzo eyonyusiweyo.
Ukudityaniswa kwe-Airline ngumzekelo "wokuzikhukhumeza kwe-airline okungathintekiyo kunye nokungahoywa ngokucacileyo kwemigaqo yokhuphiswano" kusho uRichard M. Copland, owayengumongameli we-ASTA, ochasa kakhulu ukudibanisa. "Iya kuba sisibetho sokufa kulo naliphi na ithemba lokhuphiswano kwishishini leenqwelomoya."
“Ukubawa kutshabalalisa inkqubo yethu yezothutho kuluntu oluhambahambayo. Ukuba zonke izihlalo zigcwele, inzuzo ityebile kwaye abakhweli bayavutha, luhlobo luni lwenkqubo yezothutho yelizwe onayo? UCopland uthe. "Iinqwelomoya zibonise ngenyathelo labo elihlekisayo, lokuzibamba ngokuzithandela ukuba akukho nto iza kutshintsha ngaphandle kokungenelela kukarhulumente."
Iinkampani zeenqwelo moya zikhusela ukuxhatshazwa kwazo ngokuthi, “Lilizwe elikhululekileyo. Imarike yasimahla.” Bathethelela izenzo zabo ngokubanga ukuba kufuneka baphendule kuxinzelelo lwemarike, intlawulo ephezulu yamafutha kunye namaxabiso athotyiweyo.
Kodwa ukuhlala eMelika akuthethi ukuba urhulumente uyaxhaswa, iimonopoli ezibonakalayo kufuneka zivunyelwe ukutyumza abo bakhuphisana nabo. Inkqubo yethu yoqoqosho lwemarike yasimahla yakhelwe kukhuphiswano. Ukuba iinqwelomoya zifuna ukonyusa isabelo semarike, abantu abakhulu kufuneka bayifumane ngokuphumelela ishishini kunye nokuthembeka kwabathengi babo, hayi ngokubakhupha abakhuphisana nabo okanye ukubagxotha kushishino ngamaxabiso aphantsi kunye nemali-mboleko karhulumente.
huffingtonpost.com
