Kwinqaku lomthetho wokuhamba kule veki sivavanya ityala lika-Airbnb, Inc. v. IsiXeko saseSanta Monica, Ityala N: 2:16-cv-06645-ODW (AFM)(Juni 14, 2018) apho “Plaintiffs HomeAway.com , Inkampani kunye no-Airbnb, Inc., baqalise amanyathelo awohlukeneyo okucela umngeni kummiselo (uMmiselo) ogqitywe sisiXeko saseSanta Monica, eKhalifoniya (IsiXeko) olawula ukurentelwa kwezindlu (kunye) nokufuna isiqabu phantsi kwe-42 USC 1983 ngenxa ukunyhashwa (1) koHlelo lokuQala, lweSine nolweshumi elinesine kuMgaqo-siseko wase-US; (2) uMthetho woBulungisa bezoNxibelelwano (CDA), 47 USC 230 kunye (3) noMthetho woNxibelelwano oluGciniweyo (SCA), i-18 USC 2701 (amabango e-federal). Abamangali bakwatyhola ukuba lo Mmiselo wophule uMthetho woNxweme lwaseCalifornia…IsiXeko sithatha amanyathelo okuwakhaba amabango omthetho wabamangali kunye nokucela ukuba iNkundla yale igunya elongezelelweyo kwibango eliseleyo lomthetho karhulumente… INkundla iyasivuma isicelo sesiXeko”.
Kwityala lika-Airbnb, Inc. iNkundla yaqaphela ukuba “i-Airbnb kunye ne-Homeaway zisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zamashishini. I-Airbnb ibonelela ngeenkonzo zokulungisa iintlawulo ezivumela ababuki zindwendwe bafumane iintlawulo nge-elektroniki. I-Airbnb ifumana umrhumo kundwendwe kunye nombuki zindwendwe, oquka iinkonzo zayo zoluhlu, obalwa njengepesenti yomrhumo wokubhukisha. Ababuki zindwendwe bahlawula iinkonzo ngenye yeendlela ezimbini: ukhetho lokubhatala-ngokuhlawula ngokusekwe kwipesenti yemali ehlawulwa ngumamkeli. Okanye ukuthenga umrhumo wokubhengeza iipropati zexesha elimiselweyo. Abahambi abasebenzisa i-Homeaway bahlawula abamkeli ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngeeprosesa zentlawulo yomntu wesithathu”.
UMmiselo
“NgoMeyi ka-2015, isiXeko samkela uMmiselo (oOriginal Ordinance) (owathi) walela 'Iindawo eziRentwayo ngeKhenketho' ezazichazwa njengerenti yendawo yokuhlala kangangeentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ezilandelelanayo okanye ngaphantsi, apho abahlali bangahlali ngaphakathi kwiiyunithi zabo ukuze bamkele iindwendwe… I-Ordinance ivumela abahlali ukuba bamkele iindwendwe zembuyekezo ixesha elingaphantsi kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ananye, okoko nje abahlali befumene ilayisensi yeshishini kwaye bahlala bekwisiza ngalo lonke ixesha lokuhlala kondwendwe. IsiXeko sibanga ukuba uMmiselo waseNqabeni wamkele ngokucacileyo kwaye waqinisekisa uthintelo ekudala lukho kwiSixeko kwiirenti zexeshana. Abamangali baxoxa ngelithi uMmiselo wokuqala wenze utshintsho kumthetho, kuba phambi kokuba upasiswe, isiXeko asizange sikuthintele ngokuthe ngqo ukurenta ixesha elifutshane”.
Ukulawula iiPlatifomu zokubamba
“UMthetho Wokuqala ukwalawula 'amaQonga okuSingatha' njengabaMangali, ngokubathintela 'kwintengiso' okanye 'ukulungiselela' iirenti ezaphula imithetho yeSixeko yokurenta yexesha elifutshane. Ukwafuna ukuba (1) baqokelele baze bathumele kwingeniso yeRhafu yokuHlala ngokuThutyana kwiSixeko esisebenzayo kwaye (2) bachaze iinkcukacha ezithile malunga noluhlu oluya kwisiXeko, kubandakanywa amagama abantu abanoxanduva loluhlu ngalunye, idilesi, ubude bokuhlala. kunye nexabiso elihlawulwa ngosuku ngalunye. IsiXeko sikhuphe abamangali izicatshulwa ezininzi ngokungqinelana noMmiselo weNqobo, abaManqali bawuhlawula phantsi koqhanqalazo”.
Ummiselo Ulungisiwe
“Ngomhla wama-24 kweyoMqungu ngowama-2017, isiXeko samkele uMmiselo, owawulungisa uMmiselo wokuqala. I-Ordinance ayikuthinteli ukupapashwa, okanye kufuna ukususwa, umxholo onikwe kubaMangali ngababuki zindwendwe, ayifuni ukuba uMmanqali aqinisekise umxholo obonelelwe ngababuki zindwendwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ababuki zindwendwe bathobela umthetho. Endaweni yoko uMmiselo uyawalela amaQonga okuSindleka 'ekugqibezeleni] nayiphi na intengiselwano yokubhukisha kuyo nayiphi na ipropathi yendawo yokuhlala okanye iyunithi ngaphandle kokuba idweliswe kubhaliso lwesiXeko [yamamkeli-zindwendwe anikwe ilayisenisi] ngexesha iqonga lokusingathwa lifumana umrhumo wentengiselwano yokubhukisha. '. 'Intengiselwano yokubhukisha' '[a]nakuphi na ubhukisho okanye [inkonzo yentlawulo ebonelelwa ngumntu oququzelela ukwabelana ngendlu okanye intlawulo yerenti yeholide phakathi kwalowo ulindelweyo ngumsebenzisi wethutyana kunye nomamkeli zindwendwe'. Ngaphaya koko, lo Mmiselo uvumela isiXeko ukuba; sikhuphe iisamana zolawulo lwentengiso njengoko kuyimfuneko ukuze sifumane ulwazi oluthe ngqo malunga nokwabelana ngezindlu kunye noluhlu lokurentisa ngeeholide olukwisiXeko…Nganye ukunyhashwa koMmiselo kulwaphulo-mthetho, ohlwaywa ngesohlwayo sokuya kutsho kuma-250 eedola , okanye isenzo esigwenxa, esohlwaywa ngesohlwayo esifikelela kwi-500 yeedola, ukuvalelwa entolongweni iinyanga ezintandathu okanye zombini”.
UMthetho woSidima kuNxibelelwano
“Abamangali baxoxa ngelithi yena uMmiselo wophula iCDA…kuba i-Ordinance ithatha abaMangali njengompapashi okanye isithethi solwazi olunikelwe ngababuki zindwendwe, abangababoneleli bomxholo beqela lesithathu... kubhaliso lwesiXeko phambi kokugqiba intengiselwano yokubhukisha, uMmiselo ubeka uxanduva kubo ngokusekwe kwisiqulatho esibonelelwe ngamaqela esithathu. IsiXeko sixoxa ngelithi amabango eCDA yoMmanqali kufuneka ichithwe ngenxa yokuba uMmiselo ujolise ukuziphatha okungekho mthethweni okunganxulumananga nemisebenzi yokupapasha…Kumyalelo weNkundla (ngaphambili) owawukhaba isithintelo sokuqala, iNkundla yavumelana neSixeko, ifumanisa ukuba uMmiselo awubohlwayi ummangali. imisebenzi yopapasho; endaweni yoko ijonge ukubagcina ekuququzeleleni urhwebo lwezoshishino kwinzala yabo olwaphula umthetho. Ekufikeleleni kwesi sigqibo, iNkundla yalandela isigqibo kwityala elifanayo ukusuka kwiSithili esikuMntla waseKhalifoniya e-Airbnb, Inc. v. County of San Francisco, 217 F. Supp. 3d 1066 (ND Cal. 2016)('iSigqibo saseSan Francisco'). INkundla ayifumani sizathu sokuguqula ukuqiqa kwayo kwangaphambili kwibango le-CDA labaMangali”.
U lungiso lo kuqala
“Abamangali batyhola ukuba lo Mmiselo ngummiselo osekelwe kumxholo othi uthwalise umthwalo kwaye upholise intetho yabo yorhwebo ekhuselweyo kwaye, ke ngoko, wophula uLungiso lokuQala…kuMyalelo (ongaphambili) owala iSindululo sabamangali sokuQalwa kweNkundla, iNkundla yafumanisa ukuba uMmiselo. ilawula ukuziphatha, hayi intetho, kunye nokuba ukuziphatha okuthintelweyo yintengiselwano yokubhukisha kwiMimiselo yeepropati zokuhlala ezingadweliswanga kubhaliso lweSixeko-ayinayo 'into ecacileyo ecacileyo' yokutsala ukhuseleko lwesiHlomelo sokuQala. INkundla ayiboni sizathu sokuphinda ijonge ingqiqo echazwe kumyalelo wayo wangaphambili”.
Uhlengahlengiso lweShumi elinesine
“Abamangali batyhola ukuba lo Mmiselo wophula isiHlomelo seShumi elineSine kuba umisela ubutyala bolwaphulo-mthetho olungqongqo ngaphandle kobungqina benzululwazi okanye inzululwazi…IsiXeko sikwaxoxa ngelithi ukungabikho komgaqo ochaziweyo akuwisi umthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho; endaweni yoko ubunzulu-lwazi yinto ethethwayo ekuqinisekiseni ubutyala bolwaphulo-mthetho…iNkundla iyavuma”.
UMthetho woNxibelelwano olugciniweyo
“Abamangali batyhola ukuba imfuneko yoMmiselo wokuba baveze rhoqo iinkcukacha zabasebenzisi babucala kwisiXeko, ngaphandle kwesamana…iyophula uMthetho woNxibelelwano oluGcinotyiweyo (SCA) kunye noLungiso lweSine. Lo Mmiselo ubonelela ukuba '[ku]ngokwemithetho esebenzayo, amaqonga okubamba amaqonga aya kubhengeza kwisiXeko rhoqo ngokwabelana ngezindlu kunye nerenti yeholide ekwiSixeko, amagama abantu abanoxanduva loluhlu ngalunye. Idilesi yoluhlu ngalunye olunjalo, ubude bokuhlala kuluhlu ngalunye olunjalo kunye nexabiso elihlawulweyo ngokuhlala ngakunye. IsiXeko sixoxa ngelithi 'imithetho esebenzayo' inika imimiselo yokuba uMmiselo kufuneka uthobele iSCA, isiHlomelo seSine kunye ne-SMMC 6.20.100(e) echaza inkqubo yogunyaziso logunyaziso lokuba iSixeko sifumane ulwazi oluchazwe apha ngasentla...Ngoko ke, iNkundla. ifumanisa ukuba lo Mmiselo awuyophuli iSCA okanye isiHlomelo seSine ebusweni bayo”.
isiphelo
“Ngenxa yokuba iNkundla iye yawakhaba ngawo onke amabango alindelekileyo aBamangali, iNkundla iyala ukusebenzisa igunya elongezelelweyo kumabango omthetho karhulumente aseleyo phantsi koMthetho woNxweme lwaseCalifornia…iNkundla inika isindululo sesiXeko sokuchitha”.
Patricia kunye noTom Dickerson
Umbhali, uThomas A. Dickerson, usweleke nge-26 kaJulayi 2018 eneminyaka eyi-74. Ngobabalo losapho lwakhe, eTurboNews Uvumelekile ukuba abelane ngamanqaku akhe esinayo kwifayile awayithumela kuthi ukuba siyipapashe evekini.
Umhlonishwa. UDickerson uthathe umhlala phantsi njenge-Associate Justice yeCandelo leZibheno, iSebe lesibini leNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseNew York kwaye wabhala malunga noMthetho wokuHamba kangangeminyaka engama-42 kubandakanya neencwadi zakhe zomthetho ezihlaziywa minyaka le, Umthetho wohambo, Umthetho weJenali yeendaba (2018), Litigating International Torts in Iinkundla zase-US, iThomson Reuters WestLaw (2018), iZenzo zeklasi: Umthetho wamazwe angama-50, Umthetho weJenali yeJenali (2018), nangaphezulu kwamanqaku asemthethweni angama-500 uninzi lwawo ezikhoyo apha. Ukufumana iindaba ezongezelelekileyo zomthetho wokuhamba kunye nophuhliso, ngakumbi kumazwe angamalungu e-EU, Cofa apha.
Funda ezininzi ze Amanqaku kaJustice Dickerson apha.
Eli nqaku alinakuphinda liveliswe ngaphandle kwemvume.
