Umoya weNew Zealand uvavanya i-jet nge-biofuel

I-WELLINGTON, eNew Zealand -Ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya okwenziwe yinxalenye yeoyile yemifuno kugqibe ngempumelelo iiyure ezimbini zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ngolwe-Lwesibini ukuvavanya i-biofuel enokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwenqwelomoya kunye nokunciphisa iindleko, utshilo u-Air New Zealand.

Injini enye yenqwelomoya ye-Boeing 747-400 yayixhaswe ngumxube we-50-50 weoyile kwizityalo zejatropha kunye nepetroli ye-A1 esemgangathweni.

Kulo nyaka kuye kwabakho inyathelo elingazange labonwa ngaphambili ziinqwelomoya, ezathi zanyanzelwa kukunyuka kwamaxabiso eoyile ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2008 kwaye ngoku balungiselela ukwehla kohambo lomoya xa bejamelene nokudodobala kwezoqoqosho kwihlabathi liphela.

Ngelixa iAir New Zealand ingenakutsho ukuba ingaba lo mxube ungabiza imali encinci kunamafutha e-jet asemgangathweni kuba i-jatropha ingekaveliswa kwinqanaba lezorhwebo, inkampani ilindele ukuba lo mxube ube “lixabiso lokhuphiswano,” ngokutsho kwesithethi senkampani uTracy Mills.

Ii-biofuels zaye zathathwa njengezingenakukwazi ukundiza ngenxa yokuba uninzi lweqhwa kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi adibana nokunyuka ngenqanawa. Kodwa iimvavanyo zibonisa i-jatropha, eneembewu ezivelisa ioyile esele isetyenziselwe ukuvelisa i-fuels efana ne-biodiesel, inendawo ephantsi kakhulu yokuqandisa kune-jet fuel.

Umphathi omkhulu weAir New Zealand uRob Fyfe ubize inqwelomoya ngokuthi "sisiganeko esibalulekileyo kwindiza nakwezorhwebo."

"Namhlanje simi kumanqanaba okuqala ophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwamafutha kunye nomzuzu obalulekileyo kwimbali yenqwelomoya," utshilo kungekudala emva kwenqwelomoya. Injongo yenkampani kukuba yinkampani ehamba phambili yendalo yendalo.

Inqwelomoya yaba yeyokuqala ukusebenzisa iJatropha njengenxalenye yomxube webiofuel.

NgoFebruwari, iBoeing kunye neVirgin Atlantic baqhuba inqwelomoya efanayo yovavanyo eyayiquka umxube we-biofuel wesundu kunye neoyile yekhokhonathi- kodwa yachithwa njengopapasho loluntu ngabezemvelo abathi ipetroli ayinakuveliswa kubungakanani obufunekayo ekusetyenzisweni kweenqwelomoya.

Ii-biofuels zikhupha ikhabhoni eninzi njengepetroli esekwe kwiparafini, kodwa ijatropha - isityalo saseMexico esikhula kwimozulu efudumeleyo- sithatha malunga nesiqingatha sekhabhoni esikhutshwa ngamafutha asejatropha. Umdibaniso ocetywayo womoya waseNew Zealand, umzekelo, ungathetha ukuncitshiswa kwekota enye kwikhabhoni yonyawo lwejet esemgangathweni.

Uninzi lwee-biofuels-ezifana ne-ethanol, eveliswa ngombona- ziye zatyholwa ngokunyusa ixabiso lokutya ngokukuphambukisa kwiitafile zasekhitshini zaya kwiinjini. Ngelixa unxibelelwano phakathi kwama-biofuels kunye namaxabiso eenkozo kuxoxwa ngawo, uMills uthe izityalo zejatropha azizukukhuphisana nokutya okanye ezinye izityalo zorhwebo kuba zinokukhula kumhlaba onokwenza umhlaba wokufama ohluphekileyo kwaye udinga amanzi amancinci.

“I-ethanol sisizukulwana sokuqala se-biofuel; Ijatropha isizukulwana sesibini se-biofuel esingakhuphisani nomhlaba ngokuvelisa ukutya, ”utshilo uMills.

Uvavanyo lwenqwelomoya oluphuma kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya iAuckland International lubandakanya ukuthatha amandla ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuhamba ngenyawo ukuya kwiimitha ezingama-35,000, 10,600, apho abasebenzi bazicwangcisela ngesandla ukulawula zonke iinjini ukujonga ukufundwa kokusebenza okufanayo phakathi kweinjini ye-biofuel kunye nezo zisebenzisa i-jet fuel . Abaqhubi beenqwelomoya baphinde bacima ipompo yamafutha ye-biofuel injini kwii-25,000 iinyawo (7,600 yeemitha) "ukuvavanya ukuthambisa kwamafutha," beqinisekisa ukuba ukungqubana kwayo kumbhobho akukuthothisanga ukuhamba kwenjini.

UCaptain David Morgan, umqhubi wenqwelomoya wenqwelomoya owayekhwele inqwelomoya, wathi iziphumo zovavanyo lwenqwelomoya ziya kubonelela inkampani kunye namaqabane ayo ngedatha exabisekileyo ukunceda iJatropha ukuba ibe sisibaso senqwelo moya esiqinisekisiweyo.

Iitshekhi "zenzelwe ukuvavanya i-biofuel ngokupheleleyo," kusho uMorgan.

Ngelixa inqwelo moya yazisa ngenqwelomoya njengempumelelo, Umphathi weQela leAir New Zealand uEd Sims walumkisa ukuba ubuncinci izakuba ngu-2013 ngaphambi kokuba inkampani iqinisekise ukufikelela ngokulula kubuninzi bejatropha ekuya kufuneka isebenzise i-biofuel kuzo zonke iinqwelomoya.

"Ngokucacileyo sikude, kukude ekubeni sikwazi ukufumana ukuthengiswa kwexabiso lamafutha kwaye sikwazi ukuhambisa loo mafutha kwihlabathi jikelele ukuze sikwazi ukunika amandla iinqwelo-moya zehlabathi kusekho iminyaka ethile," utshilo uSims. Irediyo yeSizwe yaseNew Zealand.

Inkampani ithenge iimbewu kumasimi eMpuma Afrika naseIndiya zizonke iihektare ezingama-309,000 (125,000 hectares).

Inkampani inethemba lokuba ngo-2013, iipesenti ezili-10 zeenqwelo-moya zayo ziya kuba namandla, ubuncinci kwinxalenye ye-biofuels, utshilo uMills. Uninzi lwabo basebenzisa lo mxube iya kuba kukuhamba kancinci kweenkonzo zasekhaya.

USimon Boxer, weqela lokusingqongileyo iGreenpeace New Zealand, uthe akunakuphepheka ukuba iinqwelomoya ziya kubonisa umdla omkhulu kwii-biofuels ezizinzileyo njengoko abahambi beyiqonda ngakumbi ingozi yokuhamba komoya kubangela okusingqongileyo.

Kodwa wathi akucaci nokuba i-jatropha yayizinzile ngokwenene. Ubuze ukuba ingaba ingaba yintoni ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo ukuba i-jatropha iyakhula ithandwa kwaye umhlaba kunye nezixhobo ziyafuneka ukuyivelisa kwinqanaba lezorhwebo.

Inqwelomoya yayiyindibaniselwano yeAir New Zealand, umenzi wenqwelo-moya uBoeing, umenzi weinjini uRolls Royce kunye nengcali ye-biofuel, i-UOP Llc, iyunithi yeHoneywell International.

Inqwelomoya, ebicwangciselwe ekuqaleni kwalenyanga, yamiswa emva kokuba iAir New A320 Airbus yaphanzisa iPerpignan kunxweme olusemazantsi eFrance ngoNovemba 27, yabulala bonke abasixhenxe ababekhwele kuyo.