Emva koko, ndaba nethamsanqa lokuya kumsitho wewayini waseCroatia eManhattan. Andizange ndilindele kwaye ngenjongo andizange ndifunde uphononongo lwewayini ngaphambi kokuba ndiye kucwangciso. Ndandifuna ukuvuleleka ngokupheleleyo ku a amava ewayini entsha kunye nenjongo malunga nezimvo zam.
Kulwazi
· Iphi iCroatia?
Imida kumzantsi-ntshona kuLwandle lweAdriatic (ingalo engasentla-ntshona yoLwandle lweMeditera). ISlovenia neHungary imida yelizwe elisemantla; IBosnia neHerzegovina kunye nomda weSerbia ngasempuma. Khroweyishiya inomda omfutshane kunye neMontenegro kwaye yabelana ngemida yaselwandle kunye ne-Itali.
Iphi i-Istria, eSlovenia?
Yipeninsula ekumntla-ntshona weCroatia.
· Kutheni i-Istria inomdla?
Lo mmandla ube yinkqenkqeza phambili ekushicileleni nasekuphuhliseni ukwenziwa kwewayini kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo.
· Ngaba i-Istria iyinxalenye yommandla omkhulu wokuvelisa iwayini?
I-Istria ijikelezwe yi-Itali kunye neSlovenia. UFriuli (eItali), iPrimorska (eSlovenia), kunye ne-Istria (eCroatia) ngokwembali zaziwa ngokuba yiJulian March. Isazi seelwimi saseTaliyane uGraziadio Isaya Ascoli wasebenzisa igama elithi (1863) ukubonisa ukuba iLittoral yaseAustria, iVeneto, iFriuli, kunye neTrentino (inxalenye yoBukhosi baseOstriya) zabelana ngesazisi solwimi lwesiTaliyane esiqhelekileyo.
Uqoqosho belusoloko lugxile kwezolimo, kwaye iwayini ibiyeyona mveliso ibalulekileyo. Kwi4th Ngenkulungwane ye-BC, amakholoni amaGrike aqala ukuveliswa kwewayini kunxweme lwe-Adriatic. AmaRoma kunye namaCroatia kamva anamhlanje andisa isiko lokulinywa kwemidiliya yamaGrike. Umgangatho we wayini zase Croatia uphucukile emva kokuba iCroatia yahlukana nendawo eyayisakuba yiYugoslavia.
Ngokwe Croatian Central Bureau of Statistics, ingxelo yeMveliso yezoLimo (2019), amafama ase Croatia alime i 20,000 yeehektare zezidiliya kwaye avelisa 108,297 yeetoni zemidiliya zemidiliya kunye ne 704,400 yehektolitha yewayini. Ngokwengxelo ye-Wine Institute ka-2014, kwiilitha ezingama-69 ezigidi zewayini eziveliswa e-Croatia imarike yalapha itya iilitha ezingama-46.9 ngonyaka.
Iidiliya ezinkulu?
Umdiliya weMalvazija Istarska ukhonya eIstria kwaye uvelisa enye yewayini ezimhlophe eziphambili zase Croatian Istria nakunxweme lwase Dalmatian olusemantla. Yaziswa kule ndawo ngabarhwebi baseVenice abazisa iziqwenga ezivela eGrisi. Umdiliya wase Malvazija uvelisa iwayini entsha, ekhaphukhaphu, enevumba elimnandi, eneasidi emnandi, iyenza igqibelele ehlotyeni. Idibanisa kakuhle ne-salmon ebandayo kunye ne-shrimp.
I-Teran yeyona ndawo iphambili yomdiliya obomvu osuka e-Istria, eCroatia, kwaye ifumaneka kakhulu kwindawo esentshona yendawo. Ludidi oluvuthwa kade, lukhula ngokwamaqela amakhulu, kwaye amaqunube axinene. Umdiliya ufuna ilanga elininzi. Yaziwa njenge Teran-Croatian Istria (Hrvatska Istra) i-varietal iqhelekile, kwaye iqhubela phambili iziqhamo kunye ne-asidi elungelelanisiweyo, i-tannins eqinile, kunye namanqaku amaqunube kunye neziqholo.
· Ngaba abantu baseCroatia basela iwayini / ibhiya / imimoya?
Amadoda kweli lizwe asela utywala ngokuphindwe kane kunabasetyhini. Kutywala obusetyenzisiweyo, abantu baseCroatia babethanda iwayini, kulandele ibhiya kunye nespirit. Iwayini iyathandwa kwaye abantu balapha bayonwabela iwayini kunye nezidlo zabo. Umxube odumileyo yiwayini exutywe ngamanzi amileyo okanye ahlwahlwazayo (iwayini emhlophe- emhlophe namanzi anekhabhoni), kunye nebevanda (iwayini ebomvu kunye namanzi amileyo).
Akukho buncinane beminyaka esemthethweni yokusela eCroatia; kunjalo, kufuneka ube 18+ ukuthenga utywala, kwaye imithetho yokusela / ukuqhuba ingqongqo.
Abavelisi bewayini baseCroatia bakhuphe i-14.3 yezigidi zeedola kwiwayini (2020), beyenza i47.th umthengisi omkhulu wewayini kwihlabathi. Abona bathengi baphambili yiBosnia neHerzegovina, iJamani, iUnited States, iSerbia, neMontenegro. Iimarike ezikhula ngokukhawuleza (2019-2020) yayiyiNetherlands, Switzerland, kunye neCanada.
uhlelo
Ngomnyaka ka 1996 iCroatian Institute of Viticulture and Enology yaphuhliswa ngenjongo yokongamela ishishini lewayini lelizwe kunye nokulawula ukulinywa kwewayini/imveliso kunye nemigangatho (esekelwe kwimithetho yewayini yeManyano yaseYurophu).
Iwayini zaseCroatia zihlelwa ngokomgangatho:
- IBarrique: ivela kwiileyibhile ukwahlula iwayini ezichithe ixesha kwi-oki
- I-Arhivo Vino: igama elinqabileyo lewayini ekumgangatho obalaseleyo ethetha ukuba yaluphala ixesha elide
- Vrhunsko Vino: umgangatho premium
- I-Kvalitetno Vino: iwayini esemgangathweni
- Stolno vino: itafile iwayini
Eminye imigaqo
· Suho: Yomile
· Slatko: Sweet
· Pola Slatko: Isiqingatha esiswiti
Iwayini zisengalungela ukufumana isitampu semvelaphi yejografi ukuba iwayini iveliswa kumdiliya okhuliswe kwindawo enye ekulinywa kuyo iwayini. Kuhlelo oluphezulu lomgangatho (oko kukuthi, umgangatho we premium) iwayini enesitampu semvelaphi yendawo kufuneka ihambelane nemilinganiselo yodidi lomdiliya, indawo yentsimi yediliya (induli yokulima iwayini) enomgangatho ocacileyo kunye neempawu zodidi lwediliya.
- Isitampu somthi womdiliya: i85 yepesenti yodidi lomdiliya olubizwa ngegama
- Ukutyunjwa kweVintage (Arhiv) kufuneka igcinwe phantsi kweemeko zegumbi elide kunexesha layo lokuvuthwa kwaye ingabi ngaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ukusuka kumhla wokulungiswa kweediliya zibe yiwayini, ubuncinane iminyaka emi-3 ebhotileni.
- Iwayini zaseCroatia azinayo iDO okanye inkqubo yeAOC
Iiwayini zeFakin
IFakin yindawo yosapho yewayini enembali yeminyaka engama-300 yokulima e-Istria (ekwisiqithi somntla-ntshona we-Croatia), nemidiliya ithengiswa kwezinye iindawo zewayini zase-Istrian eziphumelele iimbasa zewayini ezenziwe ngomdiliya weFakin. UMarko Fakin wathatha ishishini lentsapho waza waqalisa imveliso yakhe yewayini ngo-2010 kwigaraji yakhe, ewomisa iidiliya zewayini ezimnandi endlwini yakhe.
Kukhuphiswano lwesizwe luka-2010 lweCroatian Winemakers of the Year, uMarko Fakin kunye newayini zakhe baphumelele iimbasa. Ukususela kule mpumelelo, iFakin ikhule ukusuka kwiibhotile ze-2000 ukuya kwimveliso yebhotile ye-120,000 kunye neidiliya ze-82 ezipheleleyo e-Motovun, Istria, Croatia. Ufumanisa ukuba impumelelo yakhe yindibaniselwano enethamsanqa yemozulu yeMeditera echatshazelwa ngumlambo iMirna ojikeleza iMotovun, kunye nomahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwamaqondo obushushu emini nangokuhlwa ophuhlisa ukuntsonkotha kwamavumba omdiliya. Impumelelo yakhe inokunxulunyaniswa nomhlaba omhlophe oxhasa iindidi zeediliya ezifana ne-Istrian Malvazija, iTeran neMuskat.
I-Fakin igxile kwizenzo zokulima ezizinzileyo kunye ne-organic. Iidiliya zakhe zeTeran zivunwa ngesandla kwaye zilandela i-vinification, ubudala kwintsimbi engenasici kangangeenyanga ezisi-8. Oku kukhokelela kumzimba ophakathi, irubhi entle yewayini ebomvu eveza amavumba amaqunube kunye nomhlaba. I-Malvazija Istarka yindlovukazi yeediliya ezimhlophe kwaye inika iipesika ezimhlophe kunye namapere anencasa ekholisa inkalakahla yencasa yeziqhamo zamatye ezikhokelela ekucocekeni, okukrwada, okomileyo, nokukhumbulekayo.
Iiwayini zeFakin-Ngoluvo lwam
eyodwa
Ezona ndaba zimnandi zezokuba iiwayini zeFakin azikho “ngoLwesibini weediliya”. Ngenene ndingangcamla izandla zomfama kunye nevintner ebhotileni. Ekugqibeleni, umenzi wewayini oqinisekileyo ngobugcisa bakhe, ubugcisa bakhe, kunye nenzululwazi yaye engayi kuvumela inkqubo yamanani ukuba imisele into awayeza kuyibhala ebhotileni yakhe.
Ndingasebenzisa igama elithi "authentic," kwiiwayini zeFakin, kodwa igama lisetyenziswa kakhulu (lide lisetyenziswe kakubi). Mhlawumbi eyona nkcazelo ibhetele “yinyani.” Yintoni eyenza iwayini ze-Fakin zibaluleke (kum) kukuba ndiyakwazi ukufumana i-winemaker kwiwayini. I-Croatia (okwangoku) ivumela i-vintner ukuba ithathe umbono wayo wokuba iwayini kufuneka ibe yintoni / inokuba yintoni - kwaye iphile. UMarko Fakin ngokucacileyo unomsebenzi odityaniswe nenkalakahla ye-sommelier eyenza iwayini ezinyanisekileyo kumbono wakhe kunye nomsebenzi wakhe - ukuba umenzi wewayini kufuneka azi ngokusondeleyo iidiliya zakhe ukwenza iwayini ebalaseleyo.
Iingcebiso eziKhethekileyo
1. 2020 Fakin Malvazija. 100 ekhulwini Malvazija Istriana. Iwayini ephambili eneNqaku eliKhuselweyo leMvelaphi (PDO) ephuma kwi-Istra Peninsula yaseCroatia. Okwangoku lolona hlobo lwesibini olulinywa kakhulu eCroatia emva kweGrasevina. Ivunwe ngesandla. Maceration 3-6 iiyure; ubudala kwintsimbi engatyiwayo kangangeenyanga ezi-6.
Amanqaku: Kwiliso, le wayini yomileyo imhlophe iveza umbala oqaqambileyo wegolide omthubi kunye neengcebiso eziluhlaza. Amavumba amnandi akhutshiweyo kwi-swirl acebisa ukukhanya okuncinci kwamapere aseAsia kunye neetangerines. Kwinkalakahla, i-mélange yeepesika, ii-apile, ubusi, igrapefruit, iialmondi, kunye neziqhamo zamatye ezifudunyezwe lilanga, ezidityaniswe nelamuni yesitrasi ebonisa iasidi ecocekileyo, ecacileyo eyenza inkalakahla eyonwabileyo. I-flavored epheleleyo kwaye ayilibaleki kodwa "i-pushy" - yonke indlela ukuya ekupheleni. Amava okungcamla achuliweyo kodwa ahlukile ekudaleni inkampu eyonwabileyo.
2. 2019 Fakin Teran. Iindidi zeediliya - iTeran. Ivunwe ngesandla. I-Maceration kunye ne-fermentation iintsuku ezingama-21. Umdala kwiinyanga ezi-8 kwintsimbi engenasici.
Le wayini yomileyo ebomvu yenziwe ngohlobo olubalulekileyo lomdiliya obomvu kwingingqi ye Istrian. Ibonisa umbala obomvu werubhi oguquka kwiitoni ezibomvu zezitena njengoko iguga. Impumlo yonwabile ngeencasa ezigcweleyo nezinamandla kunye neziqhamo phambili. Ihambisa iasidi kunye neetannins ezicebisa isandla sabenzi bewayini ababalaseleyo.
Amanqaku: Ivumba elimnandi empumlweni lizisa iziqholo kunye namaqunube engqondweni. Kwinkalakahla, ihambisa amaqunube amnyama, iiplums, iiblueberries, i-oki, icuba, iicloves, isikhumba, umhlaba kunye netshokholethi. Isipha sesityalo esinamaqabunga enziwe ngamaqunube asendle songeza umphefumlo kunye nobomi kwinkalakahla. I-Tart cherry emnyama kunye ne-craisin idibanisa kunye namanqaku e-minerality enentsimbi kunye namaqunube abomvu ahlala kwaye ahlala.
Okulandelayo kwiiwayini zaseCroatia
Ishishini lewayini liyakhuphisana kwaye ngonyaka kukho ngaphezulu kwe 36 bhiliyoni yeebhotile ezikhoyo kwihlabathi jikelele, ezineelebhile zewayini ezingaphezulu kwesigidi. Abavelisi bewayini bayasokola ukuba ngokhethekileyo kwaye bakhusele isikhundla kwinqanaba lehlabathi kwaye uFakin uye wadibana nomceli mngeni. Xa ukhangela iwayini ezisa into ethambileyo, amava amnandi empumlweni nakwinkalakahla yakho, ungaphoswa lithuba lokubamba iibhotile ezimbalwa zewayini zeFakin kwisidlo sasemini esilandelayo, ibrunch, isidlo sangokuhlwa, kunye nesiganeko esikhethekileyo.
© UGqirha Elinor Garely. Inqaku lelungelo lokushicilela, kubandakanya iifoto, alinakuphinda liveliswe ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo evela kumbhali.
Olu luhlu lunamacandelo amabini lujonga iindawo ezininzi ezidala amava ewayini ekhumbulekayo (elungileyo okanye embi).
Isigqibo sokuthengwa kwewayini sinzima kakhulu kunokukhethwa kwezinye iimveliso ezininzi. Ngelixa incasa iyinto elawulayo, ngowona mngcipheko uxhalabisa abathengi kakhulu. Kuba phantse zonke iimeko zokuthenga azibandakanyi ithuba lokungcamla iwayini phambi kokuthenga, abathengi basebenzisa ulwazi olusuka ebhotileni kunye neleyibhile njengezikhokelo zokuba yintoni elele ngaphakathi ebhotileni.
Umthengi wewayini ubeka ixabiso kumava akhe ewayini ngokusekwe kulwazi: Okungaphakathi (ukunuka nokungcamla) kunye nezangaphandle (imvelaphi, uhlobo lwebhotile/umbala, uphawu, ukupakishwa, ibhaso, ixabiso, ukubandakanyeka kwabathengi ekuthengeni).
Funda iCandelo 1: Iwayini luhambo oluyiNtloko hayi iSifundo seJografi
