Isikhokelo esigqibeleleyo kwi-Nursing Industry kwiLatin America

I-Latin America ibone ukukhula okuphucukileyo kwezentlalo kunye nophuhliso kule minyaka ingama-50 idlulileyo, izisa amashishini kunye neemarike kuqoqosho lwama-20 kunye noxhomekeko oluli-12 olwenza lo mmandla wahlukeneyo. Ubuhlengikazi licandelo elithile elidlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhubekeni kolondolozo lonyango kule nxalenye yehlabathi. Abazalisikazi ngabongikazi ababonelela ngononophelo lokubeleka kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo. Ke ngoko, iinkalo zokonga kwezonyango kunye nokubelekisa zihlobene kakhulu kwaye uninzi lweengcali zikhetha ukuba ngumongikazi-wombelekisi oqinisekisiweyo (CNM) ukuze babe nokukhetha ukwenza yomibini le misebenzi.

Ngelishwa, ukuqhuba uphando kumzi-mveliso waseLatin America wokonga kungakhokelela ezantsi kumngxunya womvundla weengxelo ezisemthethweni kunye nezifundo ngaphandle kwesikhokelo okanye isiphetho esicacileyo. Kwesi sikhokelo senziwe lula, siza kudlula kwezinye zezibalo ezinengqiqo kunye neenyaniso ezichaza imeko yangoku yezokonga kunye neembumba zababelethisi eLatin America:

Izikolo ezikwi-Intanethi ziya zithandwa ngakumbi kwabahlengikazi kunye nabaZalisikazi abatsha

Njengoko kubonakala ngokujonga nakweyiphi na imephu yesethelayithi eyonyusiweyo, zininzi iindawo ezisemaphandleni ezinkulu eLatin America. Uninzi lwezi dolophu kunye neelali azinazo iiyunivesithi zasekhaya okanye iinkqubo zesidanga sokonga. Ewe, malunga neentsana ezingama-30,000 ezelwe eLatin America mihla le, isidingo soqeqesho kubabelekisi kunye nemfundo ikwayinto ebalulekileyo. Uninzi lwabafundi abangahlali kufutshane neyunivesithi abanakho ukukhetha ngaphandle kokuya kwi kwisikolo sokubelekisa online okanye inkqubo yokonga ukuze ufumane iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo ukuqala ikhondo lomsebenzi.

Kukho iZikolo zabahlengikazi ezingaphezu kwe-1200 eLatin America

Ngokwengxelo epapashwe nguMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (World Health Organisation) (WHO), zingaphezulu kwe-1280 izikolo zabongikazi ezichongiweyo kulo lonke elaseLatin America naseCaribbean. Oko kunokubonakala ngathi kuninzi, kodwa xa uqwalasela inyani le ngingqi inenani labantu abangaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-630 zizonke, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho inkqubo yesikolo sabahlengikazi malunga nesiqingatha sesigidi sabantu. Ezi zikolo zigxile ikakhulu ezidolophini nakwimimandla yeedolophu, kwaye ngenxa yoko uninzi lwengingqi alunakufikelela lula kwimfundo yasekuhlaleni.

Uninzi lwaMmandla lujongene nokunqongophala kwabahlengikazi

Ngelixa kukho amanye amazwe eLatin America enabongikazi abaninzi kunokuba befuneka, uninzi lujongana ngokuchaseneyo-ukunqongophala okubanzi okulindeleke ukuba kuqhubeke eminye iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10. Ukusilela okukhankanywe ngasentla kwezikolo zabongikazi ezivunyiweyo kwiindawo ezininzi kwenza ukuba kungalindelekanga ukuba abafundi abakule mimandla bakhe bacinge ukuba bangangumongikazi. Nakumazwe apho imfundo yenziwe yafumaneka kubemi simahla, kusekho iindleko kunye nemiqobo yokuba ngumongikazi okanye umbelekisi.

Ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi boomers beNxalenye yeNgxaki

Xa kuziwa ekuchongeni oyena nobangela wokunqongophala kokongiwa okuqhubekayo, ukonyuka kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwisizukulwana sokuzalwa komntwana kunokuba nefuthe kunokwahluka ngokwesini kumzi-mveliso. Eli qela leminyaka, elisusela kwiminyaka engama-55 ukuya kwengama-75 ubudala, limela indawo ekhulayo yabongikazi kunye nabazalisikazi abasebenza eLatin America. Njengoko aba bantu bethatha umhlala-phantsi, kufuneka igagasi elitsha labaphumeleleyo endaweni yabo. Ingxaki yile, amazinga oqeqesho awahambelani neemfuno zabasebenzi kwiindawo ezininzi. Kwakhona, nokuba ubunenani elilinganayo labafundi abatsha abaphumeleleyo abakulungeleyo ukugcwalisa izihlangu zabantwana abathatha umhlala-phantsi, kunokuba nzima kubo ukuba baqeshwe bengenamava.

Ukufuduka kwabaNesi ngomnye umba

Abongikazi nabazalisikazi abaninzi abasemagunyeni abahlala nabasebenza eLatin America banamaphupha okufudukela kwamanye amazwe aphuhlileyo apho banokufumana khona imivuzo ephezulu kwaye baxhamle kuqoqosho olomeleleyo. Lo ngumnqweno oqondakalayo wokuba nawo njengomntu, kodwa kwinqanaba elikhulu kubi kubongikazi baseLatin American kuba unyaka nonyaka amawaka abongikazi bakhetha ukufuduka, beshiya izikhewu ezingakumbi sele zinxulumene nokusilela okujamelene namazwe anjengeChile neBolivia. Okulusizi kukuba, akukho ndlela yokuba la mazwe abonelele ngenkuthazo kubasebenzi abanamava kunye namava ukuba bahlale, ke oku kuya kuqhubeka kuyinto ebalulekileyo.

Umahluko ngokwesini ulandela umkhwa wehlabathi

Icandelo lokonga lihlala ikakhulu ngabafazi kwihlabathi liphela kwaye le meko ikwabonwa kwiLatin America, apho uninzi lwabongikazi ingabantu basetyhini. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba i-Latin America yindawo enyibilikayo yokunyamezelana ngokwenkcubeko, umhlaba awukwazanga ukushukumisa imeko-bume yoluntu ethi amadoda kufanele ukuba abe ngoogqirha kwaye abasetyhini kufuneka babe ngabongikazi. Ukugxotha kunye nokuhamba ngaphaya kwale mbono yakudala kuya kunceda ukuthintela ubuzaza bokunqongophala kwabongikazi kwihlabathi liphela.

Izibalo zoLondolozo eziphambili ePeru

Ngokufanelekileyo, siza kuqala ukuphonononga kwethu kwizibalo ezifanelekileyo kwilizwe ngalinye laseLatin America ngesishwankathelo seshishini lokonga lasePeru. Amazwe amaninzi ajongene nokushokoxeka kwabongikazi, kodwa iPeru inokuba nako ukuzalisa izikhewu kweli candelo ngo-2020. Ngelo xesha, kuqikelelwa ukuba ama-66% ababelekisi kunye ne-74% yabongikazi baya kube beqeshiwe. Kukho malunga nabasebenzi bezonyango abangama-23 kubemi abangama-10,000 XNUMX, okwenza iPeru ibe lelinye lawona mazwe anabantu abaninzi abasebenza kakuhle kwiLatin America kwicandelo lokhathalelo lwempilo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabahlengikazi kunye nabazalisikazi basePeruvia banokuba nobunzima ekuqeshweni kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala yomsebenzi wabo.

Amanani abongikazi abalulekileyo eColombia

EColombia, kukho malunga nabongikazi abathandathu kuphela kubantu abayi-6 10,000. Ngaphandle kwelo nani, umndilili wokuphila welizwe umalunga nama-79. Ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-50, sinokubona ukuba kungoku nje kukho malunga nabongikazi abangama-30,000 abaqeshwe e-Columbia. Umvuzo ophakathi womongikazi eColombia umalunga ne-29,000,000 COP, esebenza malunga ne-14,000 COP ngeyure. Ukubeka loo mbono, imalunga ne- $ 4 yeedola ngeyure. Ewe, ngemivuzo efana nezo, iyavakala into yokuba abongikazi baseColombia babe namaphupha okufudukela kwilizwe apho umvuzo weyure uyi-5x lelo xabiso.

Amanani abongikazi abalulekileyo eBrazil

IBrazil inabahlengikazi abamalunga ne-4 kubemi abangama-10,000 209 - inani eliphantsi kakhulu kule metric kunye nomnye obonisa ukunqongophala okucacileyo. Ngabemi abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-80,000, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho abongikazi abangama-XNUMX abasebenza eBrazil ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni eli lizwe linomhlaba omkhulu kunye neendawo ezininzi zasemaphandleni, zininzi iindawo zasemaphandleni eBrazil apho kunzima okanye kungenakwenzeka ukufikelela kuncedo lwezonyango okanye kubabelekisi. Nokuba kwizixeko ezikhulu ezifana neRio de Janeiro kuye kwakho izehlo apho isebe lezempilo kweli lizwe belifuna ukuqesha abasebenzi bezonyango ngokungxamisekileyo ngenxa yeengxaki zemali ezazishiya izibhedlele neeklinikhi zinabasebenzi abambalwa.

Amanani abongikazi abalulekileyo eArgentina

Malunga nabongikazi aba-4 kubantu abayi-1,000 30, iArgentina ibandakanyiwe kuluhlu lwamazwe aphezulu angama-44 anezona zinqongopheleyo zabongikazi. Kwilizwe elinabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-18,000, kukho abongikazi abamalunga ne-XNUMX kuphela. Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba eli lizwe liyaziwa ukuba linentsalela yokubonelela oogqirha, ke ngoko kukho ukunqongophala okungaqhelekanga kunye nokungaqhelekanga apho kwizibhedlele zinabo oogqirha abaneleyo kodwa abonesi aboneleyo. Into enomdla kukuba, ukunqongophala kwabongikazi eArgentina kuphantse kukuphindwe kabini kunakwiminyaka engamashumi amabini eyadlulayo, kwaye uninzi lwabahlalutyi lukrokrela ukuba ukonyuka koku kubangelwa ikakhulu kukufudukela kwamanye amazwe apho izakhono zifumana umvuzo ophezulu.

Amanani abongikazi abalulekileyo eBolivia

IBolivia inabemi abamalunga nezigidi ezili-11 kwaye kukho umongikazi om-1 kubemi abayi-1,000 1100. Oko kuthetha ukuba kukho kuphela abongikazi abali-XNUMX kwilizwe liphela. Oku kubonisa enye yezona zinto zinqongopheleyo kubongikazi eLatin America, into engothusiyo xa usazi ukuba iBolivia kudala yabekwa kwelona lizwe lihlwempuzekileyo emhlabeni. Ubunzima bezoqoqosho balo mmandla benza ukuba ibe yindawo engathandekiyo kubahlengikazi abanezakhono kunye nabazalisikazi ukuba bahlale kuba phantse naliphi na ilizwe libonelela ngomvuzo ofanayo ngomsebenzi ofanayo.

Amanani abongikazi abalulekileyo eChile

Abantu abaninzi bayothuka ukufumanisa ukuba kukho ukunqongophala kokonga eChile, njengoko kusaziwa ngokubanzi ukuba urhulumente kutshanje wenze imfundo yafumaneka simahla kubo bonke abemi. Nangona kunjalo, ngamathuba amaninzi emisebenzi anokukhetha kuwo, ukonga kunye nokubelekisa kuya kuba yimisebenzi engathandekiyo. Ilizwe linabemi abangaphezulu kwe-18,000,000 kwaye kukho abongikazi abayi-0.145 kuphela kubemi abali-1000. Olo lolunye lwezona ndawo ziphantsi kakhulu zabongikazi ehlabathini, kwaye ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzi wenziwe ukhetho olunomdla ngakumbi kubafundi abaza kuba ngabafundi, akunakulindeleka ukuba ukusilela kusonjululwe nangaliphi na ixesha kungekudala.

Izibalo zabahlengikazi e-Ecuador

Ukunqongophala kokonga e-Ecuador akukubi njengokuba kunjalo kwamanye amazwe aseLatin America, malunga nabongikazi aba-2 kubemi abali-1000. Uhlanga lubone ukukhula okubonakalayo kwinani labongikazi abatsha abathe bavela phakathi konyaka ka-1998 no-2008, bebona ukonyuka ukusuka ku-5 / 10,000 ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-18 / 10,000 ngelo xesha. Nangona kunjalo, i-Ecuador inenani eliphezulu kakhulu labaphumileyo kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kwaye yipesenti encinci kakhulu yabemi eya kuthi iyokuya eyunivesithi, ke kubonakala ngathi akunakulindeleka ukuba icandelo labongikazi liqhubeke nokunyuka kwalo ngaphaya kweliza lokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kosana oluza kushiya Abasebenzi phakathi kwe2020-2025.

Izibalo zabahlengikazi eGuatemala

IGuatemala lelinye ilizwe laseLatin America elinamanani asezantsi kakhulu abongikazi ngomntu ngamnye kwi-0.864 kuphela kubemi abayi-1,000 14,000,000. Ngabemi abangaphezu kwe-60 kunye noqoqosho olunomda omkhulu wobutyebi phakathi kwabemi bayo abahlwempuzekileyo nabacebileyo, iGuatemala inesidingo esibi sabongikazi kunye nabazalisikazi abatsha. Ngaphandle kokuba noqoqosho olukhulu eMbindi Merika, eli lilizwe apho ngaphezulu kwama-XNUMX% abantu bahlala kwintlupheko. Ngelixa imfundo isimahla kweli lizwe, izinto ezifunekayo ukugqibezela isikolo zisabiza kubemi abaqhelekileyo, okudala omnye umqobo kwabo banokuba ngabafundi bezonyango.

Izibalo zabahlengikazi eMexico

Ayizukuba sengqiqweni into yokugubungela icandelo lokonga laseLatin America ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngemeko yangoku eMexico. Kutshanje urhulumente welizwe uxele ukuba kufuneka abanye abongikazi abangama-255,000 ukuze bakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezikhokelo zoMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi wokuba nabongikazi abathandathu kubemi abangama-6. Okwangoku, iMexico inabongikazi abamalunga ne-100,000 kwi-4 nganye, nesiqingatha sesigidi sabongikazi abasebenza kubemi abangaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-100,000. Iindawo ezinesona sinqongopheleyo eMexico kubandakanya iVeracruz, Michoacan, Queratero, nePuebla.

Izibalo zabahlengikazi kwiCaribbean

Okokugqibela, kuba iiCaribbean kunye neLatin America zihlala zidityanisiwe ndawonye kwingingqi efanayo, kulungile ukuxoxa ngezibalo zale ndawo. Kukho abongikazi abayi-1.25 kubemi abayi-1,000 8,000 abakwiiCaribbean ezithetha isiNgesi. Oko kuguqulela malunga nabongikazi abangama-2006 abasebenza kulo mmandla. Ukusukela ngo-3,300, imfuno engafezekiswanga yabongikazi kwiCaribbean yayiyi-2025. Ngo-10,000, elo nani kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwi-5. Rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-2,000, abongikazi abamalunga nama-XNUMX XNUMX bayayishiya iCaribbean baye kumazwe ahlawula kakhulu. Ezi zibalo ziqaqambisa ingxaki exhaphakileyo kumazwe amaninzi aseLatin America- ukungakwazi ukugcina abasebenzi babo bezonyango abaphambili ekufudukeni.

Kutheni abafundi bekhetha iiNkqubo ezikwi-Intanethi kwizikolo ezingaxhunyiwe kwi-Intanethi

Ngokufunda ezi zibalo zingasentla kunye nokuqonda, uqala ukubona umfanekiso ocacileyo wengingqi apho ukulandela ikhondo lomsebenzi wokuba ngumongikazi kungasoloko kubonakala ngathi yeyona nto iluncedo. Uninzi lwabafundi lukhetha indlela ekwi-Intanethi kuba ibanika amandla okufumana eyunivesithi yangaphandle. Iziqinisekiso ezinikezelwa zizikolo ezisekwe kumazwe aphuhlileyo zikhethwa ngokubanzi.

Idigri evela e-US esekwe okanye eyunivesithi yase-Europe inokujongeka ngcono kwisicelo somsebenzi sexa elizayo kunesidanga sobuhlengikazi esizuzwe kwiyunivesithi encinci okanye engacacanga ebekwe kuMbindi okanye eMzantsi Merika. Loo nto iyodwa ihlala ikhuthaza abafundi abanamabhongo ukuba baqhubeke nemfundo phesheya okanye kwiziko lokufunda elikwi-Intanethi. Ukuvala, iinkqubo zesidanga esikwi-Intanethi kubonakala ngathi zibonelela ngodumo ngakumbi kwizikolo zaseLatin American ezingaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi, eziguqula amathuba okufuduka kunye namathuba okuqhubela phambili ngamakhondo.